Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Paerregaard

Publications and source records attributed to A Paerregaard.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Crossed immuno-electrophoretic analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 0:3 antigens.

By means of quantitative immuno-electrophoretic methods, 81 different antigens were demonstrated in sonicated preparations of Yersinia enterocolitica, serogroup 0:3, using corresponding rabbit antiserum. Only chromosomally-encoded antigens were demonstrated in this system. Thirteen antigens were located on the bacterial surface, as demonstrated after absorption of rabbit antiserum with whole, killed bacteria. Five antigens resisted boiling. Antigen No. 71 was identified as an important part of the lipopolysaccharide, and antigen No. 6 as the "common antigen" of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Binding activities to concanavalin A (indicating the presence of carbohydrates), to Limulus amoebocyte lysate and to polymyxin B (indicating the presence of possible endotoxin activity) were demonstrated for five, nine, and seven antigens, respectively. These observations, together with the presence of corresponding antibodies in pre-immune rabbit sera, as well as cross-reactivity with other Gram-negative bacteria, indicate the biological importance of several of these antigens.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1988

Cross-reactions between Yersinia enterocolitica serogroup 0:3 and other serogroups of the same species, as well as thirty-four other bacterial species.

Cross-reactions between antigens from Yersinia enterocolitica serogroup 0:3 and 5 other members of the same species as well as 34 other bacterial species were studied by means of quantitative immunoelectrophoretic methods. A sonicated Y. enterocolitica antigen preparation and corresponding purified rabbit antibodies were used in a reference system that presented 58 regularly visible immunoprecipitates. One antigen was identified as specific for the Y. enterocolitica 0:3 serogroup and two antigens for the species Y. enterocolitica. Y. enterocolitica antigens cross-reacted widely with antigens from other Enterobacteriaceae, but only a few cross-reactions were registered with Gram-negative bacteria outside the Enterobacteriaceae. A partial cross-reaction between all Gram-positive bacteria included in our study and two Y. enterocolitica antigens was demonstrated.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

Protective effect of preexisting rotavirus-specific immunoglobulin A against naturally acquired rotavirus infection in children.

The preexisting levels of rotavirus IgA and IgG were measured in 225 children aged 6 months to 7 years in November, ie, before the "rotavirus season" from January to April. During the following 6 months, all episodes of acute gastroenteritis (GE) were evaluated clinically according to a score system and feces was examined for rotavirus, pathogenic bacteria, and parasites. Furthermore, rotavirus GE (n = 45) as well as asymptomatic rotavirus infections (n = 29) were diagnosed serologically. The preexisting concentrations of rotavirus IgA and IgG measured by ELISA were similar in these two groups. However, preexisting rotavirus IgA in the group of children who developed rotavirus GE correlated with less severe symptoms. Thus vomiting was found in 24% and 63% of the children with detectable and undetectable rotavirus IgA, respectively (P less than 0.025). Moreover, according to the total symptom score of rotavirus GE, 52% of the children with detectable preexisting rotavirus IgA had mild symptoms compared with only 13% of those with undetectable concentrations (P less than 0.025). Rotavirus IgG did not have any protective effect. Age per se had a protective effect; older age (greater than 1.5 years) was related to mild symptoms. According to previous studies of local and intestinal antibody response to a rotavirus GE, it is suggested that rotavirus IgA in serum reflects the immunological status of the intestine concerning rotavirus. It is recommended that studies of rotavirus vaccines include rotavirus IgA response and its protective effect.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Capnocytophaga bacteremia complicating premature delivery by cesarean section.

A case of endomyometritis associated with Capnocytophaga ochracea bacteremia following premature delivery is described. The patient, a 30 year old woman without immunological incompetence or other predisposing disease, responded to peroral pivmecillinam. Capnocytophaga spp. should be considered a possible cause of post-partum endometritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Acute gastroenteritis in children attending day-care centres with special reference to rotavirus infections. I. Aetiology and epidemiologic aspects.

Acute gastroenteritis (GE) among 214 children (aged 6 months-7 years) attending day-care centres (DDCs) in the Copenhagen County was studied during a 12-month period. A total of 197 cases of GE was observed in 109 children (i.e. 51% of the participants). The aetiology was as follows: rotavirus (n = 48) (24%), pathogenic bacteria (n = 11) (6%), Giardia lamblia (n = 3) (2%), while the aetiology of 68% remains unknown. The pathogenic bacteria included Yersinia enterocolitica, thermophilic Campylobacter, Clostridium difficile (+/- toxin) and enteropathogenic E. coli. In 4% of the GE the infections were multiple and Cryptosporidium was seen in one of these cases. The rate of GE declined with age from 1.35 GE per child per year (age group 1.0- less than 2.0 years) to 0.36 (6.0- less than 8.0 years). Serum sampled at the start of the study period showed that the frequency of detectable rotavirus IgG increased with age from 48% in the 6 months- less than 1.0 year group to 96% in the 4.0- less than 7.0 year group. The highest rates of rotavirus GE occurred from January to April (i.e. the rotavirus season). Moreover, rotavirus GE was almost absent after the age of 4. Hence, the rates of rotavirus GE per rotavirus season per child were 0.80 (age group 6 months-less than 1.0 year), 0.32 (1.0-less than 2.0), 0.14 (2.0-less than 3.0), 0.16 (3.0-less than 4.0), 0.06 (4.0-less than 5.0) and 0.04 (5.0-less than 6.0). Only 2 out of the 48 rotavirus GE were reinfections.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Acute gastroenteritis in children attending day-care centres with special reference to rotavirus infections. II. Clinical manifestations.

In a prospective study of a cohort of 214 children (aged 6 months-7 years) attending day-care centres, a total of 197 episodes of acute gastroenteritis (GE) occurred in 109 children (i.e. 51% of the participants) during a 12-month observation period. Rotavirus, pathogenic bacteria and Giardia lamblia caused GE in 24%, 6% and 2% of the cases, respectively. The aetiology of the remaining 68% was not discovered. Generally, the symptoms of GE were light and only two episodes led to hospitalization. Thirty-two rotavirus infections were asymptomatic. Two rotavirus GE reinfections occurred. They showed less severe symptoms than the primary infections. The older children (greater than 1.5 years) with rotavirus GE had lighter symptoms than the younger ones (less than or equal to 1.5 years). Compared with children with non-rotavirus GE, those with rotavirus GE showed the following clinical features: (1) Age between 6 months and 2 years. (2) Occurrence of rotavirus GE almost exclusively during the rotavirus season, i.e. January to April (winter). (3) High frequency of vomiting, the onset of which often preceded that of diarrhoea. However, these signs did not form a safe basis for the clinical diagnosis of rotavirus GE. One or more upper respiratory manifestations (URM) were observed in 39% of the children with rotavirus GE and in 36% of those with non-rotavirus GE. The occurrence of URM was age-related being highest in children less than 2 years. Consequently, the existence of a rotavirus syndrome is questioned. It is argued that URM in children with rotavirus GE may be due to a co-infection of the upper respiratory tract by a different micro-organism.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

The influence of sampling site and time upon umbilical cord blood acid-base status and PO2 in the newborn infant.

Measurement of umbilical cord blood acid-base status is routinely carried out in many obstetric centers. Umbilical cord blood pH, PO2, PCO2 and SBE (standard base excess) may change between clamping of the cord and analysis due to diffusion and metabolism. It was the aim of this study to evaluate these changes separately in artery and vein blood during storage in the clamped umbilical cord. The umbilical cords from 11 normal term deliveries were clamped immediately after delivery and kept at room temperature. Samples of artery and vein blood were drawned separately 1, 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes post partum and pH, PO2 and PCO2 were measured and SBE calculated. As demonstrated in table I, the vein blood pH and PO2 values were higher and PCO2 values lower than in the artery blood. The changes over time are given in figure 1 with the 1 min values as points of reference. Changes within the first 15 minutes were modest. A significant fall in vein pH, vein SBE and artery PO2 and a significant rise in artery PCO2 was found. Greater variation in the changes over time was found in artery than in vein blood, being most evident for the 30 min values. Although significant changes in the umbilical cord acid-base values and PO2 do occur when the blood is stored in the clamped cord, we find these changes to be minor and we conclude that sampling can be postponed for up to 15 minutes after delivery.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1984

Single-day treatment with trimethoprim for asymptomatic bacteriuria in the elderly patient.

Recent reports have demonstrated an association between bacteriuria and excess mortality. Therefore, 40 inpatients 60 or more years old with asymptomatic bacteriuria participated in a double-blind trial to assess the effect of 1-day treatment with trimethoprim. The patients were allocated randomly to receive 100 mg. trimethoprim (20 patients) or placebo (20 patients) to be taken in the morning and evening for 1 day. All patients treated with trimethoprim obtained sterile urine, whereas all patients treated with placebo remained bacteriuric (p less than 0.002). No side effects were recorded. However, many of the cured patients suffered rapid reinfection. Of the 20 initially cured patients 14 (70 per cent, 95 per cent confidence limits 46 to 88 per cent) had recurrent bacteriuria after 6 weeks, indicating that although this treatment is effective immediately it imparts no long-term effect.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers with cimetidine in combination with low-dose propantheline.

Fifty-eight adult outpatients with endoscopically verified gastric, prepyloric or duodenal ulcers completed a double-blind trial of treatment with either cimetidine, 1 g daily, plus propantheline, 45 mg daily (group A) or cimetidine, 1 g daily, plus placebo (group B). After neither three nor six weeks of treatment was there any significant difference between the two groups with regard to ulcer healing or symptomatic relief. The ulcers of 22 (79%) of the 28 patients in group A and 25 (83%) of the 30 patients in group B were healed after six weeks, and 93% of the patients in both groups became painfree. We were thus not able to show any advantage in combining cimetidine treatment for ulcer healing with low-dose propantheline. In a small open trial the patients with healed ulcers received prophylactic treatment for 12 months with 1) cimetidine 800 mg daily, 2) cimetidine 400 mg at bedtime plus propantheline 45 mg daily or 3) propantheline 90 mg daily. No significant differences were found between the ulcer recurrence rates, but it cannot be excluded that a larger number of patients in each group might have yielded real differences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Methods and validity of dietary assessments in four Scandinavian populations.

Average intakes of nonstarch polysaccharides (dietary fiber), foods, and nutrients were measured in representative samples of 30 men aged 50-59 in 4 Scandinavian populations with a 3-4 fold difference in risk for large bowel cancer. The assessment technique, a 4-day weighed record of food consumed and duplicate collections of all food eaten, was validated by chemical analysis of the duplicates, by measuring 24-hour urine and fecal nitrogen excretion, and by comparing the constituents of the urine samples collected during the survey with similar collections 1-2 weeks later. There were good agreements between estimates of fat and protein intake obtained by food-table calculations of the 4-day weighed record and the chemically analyzed duplicates. Urinary plus fecal nitrogen excretion was equal to estimated nitrogen intake during the survey, and no discernable changes in urinary output occurred after the survey, thereby implying that dietary habits had not changed as a result of the investigative technique. It is concluded that the dietary data are indicative of current patterns of food consumption and are sufficiently valid for comparison with data on cancer risk in the 4 areas.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Dietary patterns in Them and Copenhagen, Denmark.

Four-day weighing and 24-hour recall were used to record food consumption in groups of 30 men, aged 50-59 years, in 2 areas of Denmark: Them, a rural Danish community, and Copenhagen. Fat consumption was found to be higher in Them, whereas alcohol consumption was higher in Copenhagen. The absolute daily intake of dietary fiber was higher in Them than in Copenhagen. These observations document changes due to industrialization of food production, modern distribution, and marketing methods.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1982

Colon cancer and large bowel function in Denmark and Finland.

Stool weight and transit time through the gut were measured in 4 groups of 30 men, aged 50-59 years, randomly selected from populations in urban (Copenhagen) and rural (Them) Denmark and urban (Helsinki) and rural (Parikkala) Finland. These populations exhibited a 3-4 fold difference in risk for large bowel cancer. Mean transit time (37 +/- 1 hours, Copenhagen; 43 +/- 1 hours, Helsinki; 40 +/- 1 hours, Them; 37 +/- 1 hours, Parikkala) was not significantly different among populations, but average 24-hour stool weights (136 +/- 13 g, Copenhagen; 176 +/- 17 g, Helsinki; 169 +/- 16 g, Them; 196 +/- 15 g, Parikkala) were different and had a significant inverse relationship to total large bowel cancer incidence, with larger stool weights being found in the low-risk population. A high proportion of study subjects, especially in Finland, were found to be taking medication or to have a history of gastrointestinal illness, but neither of these variables related to bowel habit.

Colon↗
PubMed1982

Metronidazole treatment of bypass-enteropathy after jejunoileal shunt-operation for obesity.

In 5 patients with bypass-enteropathy following jejunoileal shunt-operation for morbid obesity, bacterial overgrowth was demonstrated in the functioning small bowel. The symptoms were effectively relieved during treatment with metronidazole in the 3 patients, who completed the treatment. Bacterial cultures revealed no anaerobic growth during 3 of 4 periods of treatment. Anaerobic overgrowth in the small bowel is probably the cause of bypass-enteropathy following jejunoileal shunt-operation.

Adult↗