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Biomedical subjects

A P Zinchenko

Publications and source records attributed to A P Zinchenko.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Neuromyalgic syndrome in children's infections].

Neuromyalgic syndrome (NMS) is clinically and electroneuromyographically (ENMG) first-ever described in 50 children aged 2-13. Muscular pains and pains along peripheral nerves occur in post-infection period of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI), intestinal and parotitoviral infections with transient (in 3-6 days), dysfunction of peripheral nervous system and muscles. NMS is characterized by predominant involvement of lower limb muscles in pathologic process and by rarely developing generalized form. There are 3 types of changes of nerve conductivity and excitability with conductive blocks absence and disturbances regression that enable to distinguish these dysfunctions from ENMG changes in polyneuropathy. Provoked by infection, transitory non-specific inflammatory muscular reaction and functional disorders of nerve conductivity and excitability may be considered as one of the possible mechanisms of NMS development. More than 20 years of clinical and research experience of in neuroinfections clinic, supports the validity of NMS distinguishing among children acute infections for further diagnostic differentiation with polyneuropathy, viral meningitis and ARVI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Subdural exudate in bacterial meningitis in children].

A subdural exudate (SE) complicating bacterial meningitis in 28 children was diagnosed by the findings at diaphanoscopy, subdurography, thermography, CT, EEG, echo-EG, rheo-EG in the evidence of aggravating neurological symptoms. SE drainage was carried out in all the cases, in 20 patients it was bilateral. CNS age-specific anatomicophysiological features responsible for emergence of the exudate primarily in the anterior hemispheric compartments subject to consequent atrophy are considered when assessing mechanisms of the exudate development in infants.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of the socio-economic effect of using immune anti- meningococcal plasma in pediatric practice].

Analysis of the socioeconomic effectiveness of the use of immune antimeningococcal plasma in patients with the grave patterns of meningococcal infection has shown that introduction of the preparation into multimodality therapy results not only in a considerable medicosocial effect (reduction of lethality, lowering of the patients' stay at a hospital, a more rapid, as compared with the control group, removal of the symptoms of intoxication, elimination of hemodynamic disorders underlying the infectious toxic shock) but also in an appreciable economic effect.

Child↗
PubMed1987

[Meningoencephalitis and generalized infections in children (clinico-morphological comparisons)].

The results of morphological investigation of 254 children who have died in Leningrad from the currently most topical viral, bacterial, and mycoplasmic neuroinfections are analyzed. The authors describe the changes related to the properties of the causative agent, the nature of infection (intrauterine or postnatal), and to the duration of the disease. Clinical findings are collated with the literature data. Different meningoencephalitides show considerable polymorphism of the clinical symptomatology and structural alterations. The principles of the reliable etiological diagnosis of neuroinfections are validated. The authors propose that the terms 'meningoencephalitis' and 'generalized infection with cerebral involvement' be used differentially.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1987

[Herpetic lesions of the nervous system in children].

A total of 125 children with acute infections were examined for herpetic infection, using the conventional viroserological techniques, as well as new methods for rapid diagnosis: the immune competition and immune hemadsorption tests. Thorough pathomorphological examination was carried out in lethal cases. The diagnosis was confirmed in 24 cases. The latter were divided into three groups: (1) herpetic encephalitides (n = 15), serous meningitis (n = 1), and meningomyeloradiculoneuritis (n = 1); (2) involvement of the nervous system as a result of exacerbation of latent herpetic infection in suppurative meningitides (n = 5); (3) persistence of the herpes virus in other neuroinfections (n = 2). Excerpts from the case reports, and electroencephalographic and pathomorphological findings are presented.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Specific immunological reactivity in generalized forms of meningococcal infection in children].

The characteristics of immune responsiveness were studied in 455 children aged 2 months to 14 years with the generalized forms of meningococcal infection. In children of all age groups an increase in the titers of antibodies to meningococci was revealed; this increase started from day 4 of the disease, reached its maximum at the end of week 3 or the beginning of week 4 and correlated with the severity of the disease and the age of the patients. A drop in the IgG level in the course of the disease and a rise in the IgM level by the end of week 2 were observed. A decrease in the content of T-lymphocytes at the acute period of the disease and an increase in the number of B-lymphocytes, especially by the end of week 2 of the disease, were established.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Electroencephalography, rheoencephalography, and echoencephalography in children with different forms of mumps].

A comprehensive examination of children aged one to 12 years suffering from epidemic parotitis (mumps) was carried out. Changes on the electro-, rheo-, and echoencephalograms were revealed, these changes depending on the form (glandular or glandular-nervous) and the period of the disease. The most pronounced disturbances were noted in the acute period of the disease in children with the glandular-nervous form of parotitis. As the children recovered the EEG, REG and echo-EEG findings in most of them still remained abnormal. This shows that the epidemic parotitis virus affects the nervous system.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1980

[Sporadic juvenile forms of Huntington's chorea].

Six patients with Huntington's chorea in the age of 15-24 years old, suffered from diffusive choreic hyperkynesis with slowly progressive dementia. The development of this disease in childhood and adolescence was atypical, as nobody in the family and in kin sufferred from it and it was difficult to diagnose the disease. Recognition of the disease was promoted by pneumoencephalography, electromyography and memory investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Neurologic manifestations in hereditary Osler-Rendu hemorrhagic telangiectasia].

The neurological manifestations of Osler-Rendu's syndrome observed in 10 patients were characterized by polymorph permanent of transient clinical pathology in the forms of subarachnoidal hemorrhages, ischemic disturbances of cerebral circulation, symptoms on the part of the brain stem, headaches, vestibular and convulsive disturbances. The cerebral disorders were caused by teleangiectases in the cerebral vessels, the fact, that was confirmed in 2 cases on autopsy. The cerebral teleangiectases may be the cause of a number of etiologically vague neurological syndromes (spontaneous subarachnoidal hemorrhages, etc.). While diagnosing the cerebral form of Osler-Rendu's syndrome one should take into consideration both neurological and somatic manifestations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Atypical symptoms and their pathogenesis in extrapyramidal tumors].

In 124 patients with extramedullary tumors of different histological structure atypical syndromes were detected in 61% and were verified by surgical methods. The following atypical syndromes were marked: a nonconformity of the level of sensorial conductivity and the level of the tumor (19%), a dissociated type of spasticity of a cervico-thoracal localization (17%), disorder of cranial innervation (23.4%), swelling of the optic papilla (2.4%), etc. The pathogenesis of these changes was most frequently conditioned by hemo- and liquor dynamical disturbances, as well as by intoxication. Diagnostical errors related to the character of the process were seen in 18.5%, topico-diagnostical discrepance--in 19.3%.

Diagnosis, Differential↗