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Biomedical subjects

A P Pugovkin

Publications and source records attributed to A P Pugovkin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Characteristics of adrenergic innervation of the somatic muscles].

The aim of the present study was luminescent-histochemical study of efferent adrenergic nervous apparatus of cross-striated somatic muscles. The adrenergic innervation of human laryngeal muscles--m. thyroarytenoideus internus (m. vocalis), m. cricoarytenoideus posterior (m. posticus)--was studied in comparison with the innervation of m. pectoralis major (material obtained at 18 early autopsies) and m. gastrocnemius of the frog Rana temporaria (17 animals). In frozen sections of muscles, treated with the glyoxilic acid solution, adrenergic varicose terminals were demonstrated that were situated directly among the cross-striated muscle fibers. The problem of neuroeffector relations in the autonomic nervous system is discussed.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1998

[Adrenergic innervation of the cerebral arteries following changes in the activity of cholinergic and monoaminergic brain systems].

Bipolar electrical nerve stimulation decreased the adrenergic innervation density and the catecholamine content in the rat isolated caudal artery. Changes in cholinesterase activity and catecholamine content in histochemically active nerves following administration of cholinesterase (AChE) inhibiting agent phosphacol, seem to reflect compensatory responses to increasing dilatory cholinergic vasomotor effects under conditions of the AChE activity. Adrenergic innervation of cerebral arteries was also studied after a 1-hr daily hypoxic sessions. These decreased the catecholamines content as compared to the control.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1992

[Resistance and capacity function of blood vessels of the brain during activation of its cholinergic mechanisms].

Blood from the cat donor was perfused into the haemodynamically isolated cat brain. The changes of the vascular resistance and their capacity during the pharmacological activity of the endogenic cholinergic mechanism on the introduction of phosphacol into the bloodstream were investigated. Research has shown that the reduction of the activity of cholinergics leads to a decrease in pressure in the arteries of the brain and to an increase of the intercellular fluid absorption, caused by the neurogenic cholinergic influences. The possibility of a mediator realisation of the cholinergic influences on the brain vessels is discussed.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1991

[Reactive changes in adrenergic innervation of the cerebral arteries after activation of the cholinergic mechanisms].

Magistral arteries of the brain and pia mater have been studied in cats 24-72 h after administration of the cholinesterase inhibitor (phosphacol, 600 mcg/kg). Cholinesterase activity in blood has been checked by means of the potentiometric titration method, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) content in varicosities of the perivascular nervous fibers--cytophotometrically in preparations treated after Karnovsky--Roots histochemical method. Cholinesterase activity of blood homogenates in test animals is 42 +/- 10%, and acetylcholinesterase content in varicosities of the perivascular nervous fibers--23.5 +/- 2.3% in comparison to the norm. Catecholamines in adrenergic nervous elements are revealed treating them with glyoxylic acid. Distribution density (DD) of histochemically active nervous elements is determined, as well as their specific content of the mediator according to luminescent intensity (LI) of varicosities of nervous fibers. The data obtained in intact animals serve as the control. In the experiment DD and LI reach 127 +/- 9% and 154 +/- 15%, respectively, as compared to the control. Signs of the adrenergic nervous apparatus activation in the experiment reflect a compensatory reaction in response to increase of dilatatory cholinergic influences to vessels under conditions of AChE activity.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1990

[Efferent neural apparatus of the thymus gland, spleen and lymph nodes and its reaction to electric stimulation of the posterior hypothalamic field].

At a histochemical investigation of the rabbit lymphoid organs innervation certain peculiarities on histotopography of adrenergic and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-containing nervous elements have been established. At a chronic experiment by means of a dosed repeated bilateral electrostimulation of the posterior hypothalamic field in the organs mentioned, inhibition of the functional activity has been noticed. It is most specific not for the AChE-containing structures, but for the adrenergic ones, localized to some extent in the parenchyma, as well as along the course of the blood vessels and their adventitium. The results are discussed in terms of modulatory influence of the posterior hypothalamic field on trophic and functions of the lymphoid tissue. This influence is realized both humoraly and via the nervous pathways (either directly using certain ways and connections, or indirectly by means of neurogenic tonus of the intraorganic blood vessels regulation).

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1989

[The role of a neurogenic mechanism in regulating cerebral circulation].

The literature and own data on the efferent innervation of cerebral vessels, its sources and the structure of neurogenic regulation of intracranial hemodynamics, are summed up. Diverse mechanisms of the cerebral vessels' innervation involve polymodal efferent fibers and terminals associated with existence of numerous transmitters, the participation of some bulbar nuclei along with the sympathetic system in the innervation. The diversity of the controlling factors seems to be the result of an imperfection of cerebral blood supply system due to its accelerated development in the course of phylogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Morphofunctional changes in the adrenergic innervation of the major cerebral arteries during bilateral electrostimulation of the locus coeruleus].

The intramural adrenergic nervous apparatus of cerebral arteries was studied in adult rabbits after 3-10 sessions of electrical stimulation of locus coeruleus. The activity of nerve structures was determined by estimating the density of adrenergic perivascular plexuses and by semi-quantitative cytophotometry of changes in the catecholamine content of nerve varicosities. The stimulation was followed by a 28.2 +/- 1.5% increase in adrenergic innervation density. while catecholamine content in perivascular nerve structures displayed a tendency to decrease. The problem of central effects on cerebral blood flow autoregulation is discussed.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1985

[Morphofunctional restructuring of the nervous system of the lymphoid organs during electrostimulation of the hypothalamus].

The intramural nervous apparatus of rabbit lymphoid organs was examined after 15 and 30 sessions of electric stimulation of the posterior hypothalamus. The function of nerve cells was evaluated by cytophotometry according to the content of catecholamines and acetylcholinesterase (ACE) activity. In the mesenteric lymph nodes, stimulation led to a decrease in the activity of both adrenergic and ACE-containing nerve cells. The spleen demonstrated a reduction in the catecholamine content in the perivascular nerve plexuses, with a simultaneous rise of the catecholamine content in the fibers located in the parenchyma, which evidences inhibition of the neurogenous mechanisms of vasomotor control and possible selective activation of the sympathetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of the immunogenesis. Thymic preparations impregnated with silver salts manifested high argyrophilia of the nerve cells, characteristic of the reactive phase of the destructive process. The problems of the hypothalamic effects on the blood supply and functions of the immune system organs are discussed.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1982

[Systemic vascular reactions to a decrease in volumetric blood flow velocity during artificial circulation].

In anesthetized cats with artificial circulation, a decrease in the systemic perfusion pressure (SPP) following reduction of the blood flow volume velocity evokes under conditions of weakly pulsating blood flow a constrictory response of neurogenic character which can be compensated for by an opposite myogenic response in conditions of pulsating blood flow. These differences only occur at a high enough initial level of the SPP. The myogenic component of regulation of the resistance vessels tonus seems to be suppressed in conditions of weakly pulsating blood flow. Questions bearing on regulation of the systemic hemodynamics, are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Systemic vascular reactions to increases in total blood flow].

Vasomotor reactions to the increase of systemic blood flow by 100 ml/min occurred in anesthetized cats with left ventricular bypass: the increase of the pulsatile flow produced reflex vasodilatation, while its reduction to the initial value entailed vasoconstrictor reflex. In case of pulsatile perfusion responses of resistance vessels to the same change of systemic flow included opposite reflex and myogenic factors. Inhibition of the systemic myogenic vascular tone in absence of pulse alterations of pressure and flow is discussed.

Animals↗