Biomedical subjects

A P Makino

Publications and source records attributed to A P Makino.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

Regeneration across preserved peripheral nerve grafts.

The potential to store nerve grafts for a prolonged period of time was assessed in a rat sciatic nerve model. Three-centimeter syngeneic nerve grafts were stored in Belzer/University of Wisconsin cold storage solution at different temperatures (5 degrees C, 22 degrees C, or 37 degrees C) for varying time periods (6 h, 24 h, or 3 weeks) prior to transplantation. Functional assessment using serial walking track analyses revealed no difference between storage times and temperatures. At 14 months postengraftment, the conduction velocities and the number of myelinated fibers that had regenerated across all grafts stored at 5 degrees C for all time periods tested were superior to grafts stored at either 22 degrees C or 37 degrees C. Nerve grafts stored for up to 3 weeks at 5 degrees C acted as effective conduits for proximal regenerating fibers and resulted in histologic, electrophysiologic, and functional results equivalent to fresh nerve grafts. Nerve graft storage may be applicable to nerve allografts and potentially provide allograft material that requires reduced or no associated host immunosuppression.

Action Potentials↗

PubMed1993

Cervical myelopathy secondary to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in a Caucasian patient.

Cervical myelopathy consequent on ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is very rare in Caucasians. A 65-year-old Anglo-Saxon woman developed progressive gait disturbance, paresthesia in both legs and urinary urge incontinence. Radiological examination showed OPLL from fifth to seventh cervical vertebral level; the dense OPLL was graphically displayed by three-dimensional computerized tomography. Medial corpectomy, C5 to C7, and removal of OPLL, with subsequent fusion C4 to T1 using a free fibula graft resulted in clinical improvement. Three dimensional computerized tomographic imaging is a valuable diagnostic procedure in OPLL.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Selective reinnervation: a comparison of recovery following microsuture and conduit nerve repair.

Selective reinnervation was studied by comparing the regeneration across a conventional neurorraphy versus a conduit nerve repair. Lewis rats underwent right sciatic nerve transection followed by one of four different nerve repairs (n = 8/group). In groups I and II a conventional neurorraphy was performed and in groups III and IV the proximal and distal stumps were coapted by use of a silicone conduit with an interstump gap of 5 mm. The proximal and distal stumps in groups I and III were aligned anatomically correct and the proximal stump was rotated 180 degrees in groups II and IV (i.e. proximal peroneal nerve opposite the distal tibial nerve and the proximal tibial nerve opposite the distal peroneal nerve). By 14 weeks, there was an equivalent, but incomplete return in sciatic function index (SFI) in groups I, III, and IV as measured by walking track analysis. However, the SFI became unmeasurable by 6 weeks in all group II animals. At 14 weeks, the percent innervation of the tibialis anterior and medial gastronemius muscles by the peroneal and tibial nerves respectively was estimated by selective compound muscle action potential amplitude recordings. When fascicular alignment was reversed, there was greater tibial (P = 0.02) and lesser peroneal (P = 0.005) innervation of the gastrocnemius muscle in the conduit (group IV) versus the neurorraphy (group II) group. This suggests that the gastrocnemius muscle may be selectively reinnervated by the tibial nerve. However, there was no evidence of selective reinnervation of the tibialis anterior muscle. Despite these differences, the functional recovery in both conduit repair groups (III and IV) was equivalent to a correctly aligned microsuture repair (group I) and superior to that in the incorrectly aligned microsuture repair (group II).

Action Potentials↗

PubMed1991

Inter- and intraobserver reliability of walking-track analysis used to assess sciatic nerve function in rats.

The inter- and intraobserver reliability of the walking-track analysis of sciatic nerve function in the rat was assessed. Twenty-five walking tracks were assessed on three different occasions by four observers. Whereas the interobserver reliability was found to be excellent (r = 0.92), the intraobserver reliability was only satisfactory (r = 0.53 to r = 0.76). Walking-track analysis provides a noninvasive technique to assess function recovery in the rat, with excellent intraobserver reliability demonstrated. The lower intraobserver reliability suggests limitations to this new measurement technique.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Self-evaluation of walking-track measurement using a Sciatic Function Index.

Recovery of function is of prime importance after peripheral nerve injury and repair. This paper describes a method of obtaining and measuring walking-tracks and generating a Sciatic Function Index (SFI) to quantify functional sciatic nerve recovery in the rat. The reader is provided with a series of walking-tracks to measure, analyze and compare to those analyzed by experienced observers.

Animals↗