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Biomedical subjects

A P Desai

Publications and source records attributed to A P Desai.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Brain biopsy in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: evolution of pathological changes by prion protein immunohistochemistry.

The formation of protease-resistant prion protein (PrPsc) is considered to be an early event in the pathogenesis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and hence its demonstration in brain biopsies by immunohistochemistry is considered diagnostic. We analysed eight brain biopsies from the frontal cortex collected from different parts of India from cases diagnosed as CJD on clinical and pathological grounds for the expression of prion protein (PrP). The duration of illness in these cases varied from 2 months to 1 year. Immunohistochemistry was carried out on paraffin sections using two different clones (KG9 and 3F4) of monoclonal antibodies to PrP. Although all eight cases showed classical features of spongiform encephalopathy of varying severity, only five of the eight cases revealed PrP(sc) in the brain tissue. The immunolabelling was focal and all areas with spongiform change were not labelled. A temporal evolution in the staining pattern was evident - particulate diffuse labelling (synaptic type) in early stages (2 months), perivacuolar deposits in intermediate stages (5-6 months), and dense plaques in late stages (12 months).

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Tuberculoma in the Meckel's cave: a case report.

A case of an intracranial tuberculoma located within the confines of the Meckel's cave is presented. The patient was young, non-immunocompromised and otherwise in good health. The granuloma mingled with the fibres of the trigeminal nerve. The lesion mimicked a trigeminal neurinoma in its clinical presentation, preoperative investigations and intraoperative consistency and vascularity. The rarity of the location and possible mode of transmission of infection to this site is discussed. The literature on this subject is briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Fallopian tube carcinoma--a report of two cases.

Primary adenocarcinoma is a rare tumour involving the fallopian tube. Two such cases are reported; the first case was associated with papillary carcinoma of the paratubal cysts and the second occurred in a young female.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Extensive extraaxial blastomycosis granuloma at the skull base--case report.

A 37-year-old female presented with a rare case of intradural, extraaxial Blastomyces dermatitidis granuloma involving a large part of the skull base. She had the principal complaint of worsening vision, but was otherwise healthy. The lesion mimicked an en-plaque meningioma on radiological examination and in gross appearance during surgery. This is a very unusual presentation for a blasto-mycosis granuloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Aspergilloma in the paracavernous region--two case reports.

A 30-year-old male and a 40-year-old female presented with Aspergillus fungal granuloma in the cerebral locations involving the gasserian-ganglion and its divisions in one case and was densely adherent to the lateral dural wall of the cavernous sinus in the other. Both patients were otherwise healthy with no evidence of immuno-suppression. The lesions resembled benign tumor on preoperative imaging and intraoperative consistency and vascularity. The lesions were successfully and completely resected. Both patients developed major cerebral arterial territory infarcts in the postoperative phase, remote from the site of operation, leading to crippling neurological deficits in one patient and death in the other. The unusual location and the unusual and similar clinical course suggests that awareness of the possibility of ischemic complications after surgical resection of intracranial aspergillomas is necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Brain abscess caused by Cladosporium trichoides.

Brain abscess caused by the fungus Cladosporium trichoides is rare. Only 20 cases of brain abscess caused by this fungus are reported in the literature. We report a case of brain abscess caused by Cladosporium trichoides in a healthy adult male. The relevant literature on this subject is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Peripheral nerve sheath tumours: an ultrastructural study of 30 cases.

This report deals with the ultrastructural observations of 30 peripheral nerve sheath tumours [PNST], which include 25 schwannomas of acoustic nerve, one schwannoma of cauda equina, one neurofibroma from a case of Von Recklinghausen's disease, one pigmented neurofibroma of spinal nerve root and a malignant schwannoma of frontal region. Interdigitating slender cytoplasmic processes covered with a continuous layer of basal lamina constitute the single most important ultrastructural attribute of Schwann cells. Myelin formation was encountered in the cell processes of four out of 25 acoustic schwannomas. In four cases Microtubular arrays identical to that in an axon were seen in Schwann cells. These two observations require further support by additional cases of PNST studies by electron microscopy. The neurofibroma consisted only of Schwann cells and no ultrastructurally identifiable perineurial cells or fibroblasts were detected. The cells in the pigmented neurofibroma revealed submicroscopic features of both Schwann cell and melanocyte, indicating their common ancestry. A unique case of malignant schwannoma arising from frontal meninges is illustrated and it is emphasized that electron microscopy is mandatory for a correct histogenetic diagnosis of malignant tumours which occur at unexpected anatomical sites.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Methyl alcohol poisoning: an autopsy study of 28 cases.

Twenty eight fatal cases out of the 97 cases of methyl alcohol (MA) poisoning admitted to K. E. M. Hospital in August 1988 during a single outbreak were studied. The latent period between consumption of the drink and development of symptoms was variable (range 7 1/2 hours to 60 hours). CNS symptoms were predominant (75% of cases) and shock either at admission or as a late event was seen in 89% of the cases. Blurring of vision was seen in 42.8% and blindness in 10.7% of cases. Minimum fatal period was 7 1/2 hours and maximum was 12 days. Methanol levels in blood and viscera were variable (average 155.8 mg%, max. 420.4 mg%). In 4 cases, significant amount of MA was detected in stomach contents 5-12 days after consumption of MA, raising the question of resecretion of MA in stomach. Shrinkage and degeneration of neurons in the parietal cortex was seen in 85.7% of cases. Putamental degeneration and necrosis was seen in 7.14%. Haemorrhage (3.5%) and sponginess (7.14%) was observed in the optic chiasma. Severe renal tubular degeneration and patchy necrosis was seen in all cases. Fatty changes (67.8%) and microvesicular fat (42.5%) were seen in the hepatocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Intracranial ectopic pituitary tumour.

Pituitary tumours originating primarily from sites other than the sella turcica are rare. A case of an ectopic pituitary tumour in the region of the lesser wing of the sphenoid is reported. The patient presented with signs and symptoms of a progressive increase in intracranial pressure. CT scan appearances resembled those of a sphenoid wing meningioma. The vascular lesion was partially excised. Histology showed it to be a pituitary tumour.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1989

Profile of congenital cholesteatomas of the petrous apex.

Congenital cholesteatomas of the petrous apex are now frequently being approached by otologists. Involvement of the cerebello pontine angle by this lesion produces a myriad of signs and symptoms. Otological as well as neurosurgical literature is reviewed to achieve an overall understanding of the nature and behaviour of this uncommon but interesting lesion.

Bone Diseases↗