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Biomedical subjects

A Ozden

Publications and source records attributed to A Ozden.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Parasite prevalence in schools with different socioeconomic status and evaluation of methods for diagnosing intestinal parasitic diseases].

In this study; the parasite prevalence of schools with different socio-economical status and three methods for diagnosing intestinal parasitosis were evaluated. Children from two primary schools and one junior high school with different socio-economical status participated in the study. The three method used for diagnosing parasitosis in this study were direct wet mounts, concentrated saline flotation technique, and zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation method. Parasitosis was found in 69 fecal samples (18%). The distribution of the parasites found were Hymenolepis nana (29%), Ascaris lumbricoides (26%), Enterobius vermicularis (23%), Trichirus trichiura (18%), taenia saginata (4%). The parasite prevalence in schools with low and high socioeconomical status differed significantly (27% vs. 5% respectively). Combined methods were superior to single methods. The combined method of direct wet mounts and zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation was the most sensitive method (diagnosis rate 90%). But we think that the combined method of direct wet mounts and concentrated saline flotation technique is a simpler method with almost equal results (86%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Gastric luminal somatostatin secretion of normals and patients with pernicious anemia and with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

We studied the release of gastric luminal somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) in response to a pentagastrin infusion (0.9 microgram/kg/hr, intravenous) in five normal volunteers, five patients with pernicious anemia, and two patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. In addition, we studied the gastric luminal SLI secretion in response to a gastric luminal acid perfusion in two patients with pernicious anemia. Our results have shown that: (1) pentagastrin caused a parallel increase in luminal hydrogen ions and SLI release in normal volunteers; (2) Zollinger-Ellison patients had elevated basal acid and SLI levels that did not increase further with pentagastrin; (3) pentagastrin did not increase gastric acid or luminal SLI secretion in pernicious anemia patients; and (4) in pernicious anemia patients, a gastric luminal acid perfusion caused a significant increase in gastric luminal SLI over baseline values. In conclusion, gastric luminal hydrochloric acid appears to be a factor which stimulates the secretion of luminal SLI in human beings.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Gastric, duodenal, and pancreatic somatostatin-like immunoreactivity during hypovolemic shock.

Because hypovolemic shock is known to cause gastric ulcers in animals and human beings, we investigated the tissue levels of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) in the gastric corpus and antrum, duodenum, and pancreas during hypovolemic shock in rats. We studied male Wistar rats (N = 10 each) 15 min, 2 hr, and 12 hr after hypovolemic shock and compared results to a control group (N = 15). Two rats in both 2-hr and 12-hr groups showed gastric ulcers: three corporal and one antral. One animal developed multiple ulcers. In the gastric corpus and antrum and in the duodenum, tissue SLI showed significant decrease 15 min and 2 hr after shock. Gastric SLI remained low, whereas duodenal SLI recovered and rose above control level at 12 hr. Pancreatic SLI showed no significant changes during hypovolemic shock. Gastric tissue SLI levels that were significantly lower after shock than those of normal controls may have contributed to the peptic ulcer disease induced by hypovolemic shock in this experimental model.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Alterations in cholinergic muscarinic and somatostatin binding sites in a patient with idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction.

We present a comparative study of cholinergic muscarinic and somatostatin binding sites on isolated membranes from mucosa and tunica muscularis of normal and dilated parts of the proximal jejunum obtained at surgery from a patient with idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IIP) syndrome. We found a statistically significant diminution of cholinergic muscarinic and somatostatin binding sites in mucosa taken from the dilated part of the jejunum, compared with those taken from the normal part. Tunica muscularis of the dilated part of the jejunum contained a significantly higher concentration of peripheral cholinergic muscarinic binding sites (M2) than the normal part did, whereas concentration of M1 cholinergic muscarinic and somatostatin binding sites was similar in both examined parts. These results indicate that IIP-syndrome may be related to alterations in cholinergic muscarinic binding sites in the tunica muscularis of the intestine.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Somatostatin, gastrin, and cholinergic muscarinic binding sites in rat gastric, duodenal, and jejunal mucosa.

Clinical and experimental data indicate that the concentration of gastrin-I and somatostatin binding sites in human and rat gastric and duodenal mucosa may be changed in several pathologic conditions, including human peptic ulcer and cancer diseases. There are no data, however, indicating the distribution of receptor binding sites in the normal upper gastrointestinal tract. We studied the regional distribution of somatostatin-14, gastrin-I, and cholinergic muscarinic binding sites in membrane preparations from rat gastric corporeal and antral mucosa and in mucosa obtained from the duodenum and jejunum. The corporeal mucosa contained the most high-affinity gastrin binding sites (Bmax = 39.1 +/- 6.5 fmol/mg protein; Kd = 1.1 +/- 0.4 nM). The antral mucosa contained the most somatostatin and cholinergic muscarinic binding sites (Bmax = 65.7 +/- 6.6 fmol/mg protein and 460.3 +/- 101.8 fmol/mg protein, respectively). The duodenal and jejunal mucosal membranes contained somatostatin, gastrin, and cholinergic muscarinic binding sites in decreasing concentrations. Concentrations of binding sites are characteristic for particular gut regions and may help in analyzing their abnormalities.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Regulation of somatostatin-14 and gastrin I binding sites in rat gastrointestinal mucosa by ulcerogenic dose of cysteamine.

A single duodenal ulcerogenic dose of cysteamine administered into rats induced time-dependent depletion of immunoreactive somatostatin in the gastric corporeal, antral, and duodenal mucosa with a parallel increase (up-regulation) of somatostatin binding sites. The concentration of somatostatin binding sites returned to the control level in the corporeal mucosa when measured at 24 hrs; however, in the duodenal mucosa there was only a partial return to the control level. Somatostatin binding sites in the antral mucosa did not return to control level even after 24 hrs. Except for the duodenum mucosal immunoreactive gastrin level was unaffected by cysteamine administration, but corporeal mucosal gastrin I binding sites were diminished (down-regulation) after 24 hrs.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Mechanism of release of gastric luminal somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in response to pentagastrin and sham feeding in man.

We studied in five healthy volunteers whether the cholinergic pathway regulated the secretion of gastric intraluminal somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) in response to stimuli of pentagastrin infusion (0.9 micrograms/kg/h, intravenously) and sham feeding. We measured gastric secretory volume, hydrogen ion output, and SLI at base line, during pentagastrin infusion, after sham feeding, and after applications of atropine (0.0, 0.7, 7.0 micrograms/kg, intramuscularly) given before pentagastrin and sham feeding. The stimuli were given randomly, at separate times on different days. After each stimulus, eight 15-min gastric juice collections were made; samples were adjusted to pH 7, pepstatin-A and aprotinin were added, and samples were extracted with acetone to determine SLI by radioimmunoassay. Pentagastrin and sham feeding significantly increased gastric luminal SLI secretion, which appeared to correlate with the increases in volume and acid output. Atropine at 7 micrograms/kg significantly suppressed gastric volume, acid, and SLI outputs stimulated by sham feeding; however, responses to pentagastrin stimulation remained unchanged. To conclude, the cholinergic mechanism regulates gastric intraluminal SLI response to sham feeding but not to pentagastrin infusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Colonic function in rural and urban populations of Turkey.

Two Turkish populations, one with an urban background and the other rural, were compared in regard to their colonic function. Rural subjects consume a diet with higher fiber than urban people in Turkey. The rural group had a greater daily fecal output, faster intestinal transit, and lower intraluminal pressure, with a greater output of calcium in the feces than those living in an urban area in Turkey. The effects are similar to those described when fiber is added to the diet. Urban dwellers in Turkey who lack these effects are said to have a rising incidence of fiber-related diseases of the colon, such as diverticular disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preventive effect of nicardipine on hyperplastic changes in venous bypass grafts.

Nicardipine is a relatively new calcium channel blocker with important properties that could result in attenuation of the adverse proliferative changes in autogenous vein bypass grafts. In this experimental, randomized, controlled study, the effect of nicardipine on the pathologic findings in aortoaortic bypass graft was assessed. Forty-two male rabbits (Orycytolagus cuniculus) were randomized to three groups: group 1 received nicardipine and groups 2 and 3 placebo for 4 weeks, after which an aortaortic bypass was realized with an autogenous inferior vena cava segment. During the following 4 weeks, groups 1 and 2 received nicardipine, and placebo was continued in group 3. The animals were sacrificed at the end of the study to permit removal and evaluation of the bypass grafts. The mean intimal and medial thickness values for groups 1 and 2 were lower than those for group 3, indicating that nicardipine has a significant preventive effect on the hyperplastic changes in venous bypass grafts compared to placebo. The mean intimal and medial thickness values of group 1 were also lower than those of group 2, and the differences carried statistical relevance, suggesting that the use of nicardipine before grafting could potentiate its protective effect. To provide stimulus for further research, an attempt is made to relate the hyperplasia-preventing effect of nicardipine to possible mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sexual dysfunctions in HCV patients and its correlations with psychological and biological variables.

The frequency of sexual dysfunction (SD) is not very well known in patients with chronic hepatitis C. In this study, the prevalence of SD and its correlations with psychological and biological variables was assessed in 46 HCV positive patients. The mean age of patients was 46.4+/-9.4 y; the mean duration of HCV infection was 43.4+/-34.0 months; 52% were male; 89% were living with a spouse. SD was assessed using the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX), the level of anxiety and depression measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Biochemical parameters were also assessed. Overall, as indicated by ASEX criteria, SD was observed in 35% of our patients. Of 24 males, 21% described SD; problems with drive (25%), arousal (17%) and erection (17%) were the most frequent complaints. Of 22 female patients, 50% described SD; problems with drive (55%) arousal (50%), and reaching orgasm (59%) were the most frequent complaints. Total ASEX scores were correlated with age (P<0.07, significant at trend level), education (P<0.001), and was higher in female patients (P<0.02). After controlling for the effects of age, sex, education, duration of HCV and marital status, depression levels could still significantly predict the SD (P<0.05). Moreover, even after controlling the effects of all other variables, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels could predict the SD status of the patients (P<0.05). Our results indicate that the prevalence of SD was 35% in HCV-infected patients and the level of depression and GGT levels were predictive of patients SD status.

Adult↗