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Biomedical subjects

A Orb

Publications and source records attributed to A Orb.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The use of seclusion in the year 2000: what has changed?

This study was undertaken to examine the perceptions of nurses working in three psychiatric settings regarding the effect and use of seclusion. It also aimed to identify current practices at these sites in the metropolitan area of Western Australia. A total of 78 nurses specialising in mental health care participated in the study by completing the 'Attitude towards seclusion survey'. The findings of this study indicate that nurses perceive seclusion as an accepted patient management strategy. The results also showed that the decision to seclude the patient was made by a senior mental health practitioner and that one hour was the average time a patient spent in seclusion. It is important to ensure that punishment, paternalistic attitudes or punitive actions are not part of clinical judgment regarding the use of seclusion. The study has provided evidence of nurses' perceptions concerning seclusion and the results highlight the need for staff to continue to explore and evaluate issues that lead to seclusion in order to facilitate the use of other management strategies that encourage a less restrictive environment.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2001

A practice-research model for collaborative partnership.

The ability to integrate education, practice and research initiatives is well documented and the nursing literature presents several collaborative models that have emerged between educational institutions and service agencies to achieve this aim. However, a collaborative partnership agreement does more than integrate these initiatives; it is a vehicle by which the theory-clinical practice gap is bridged and best practice outcomes are achieved. This paper outlines an innovative collaborative partnership agreement between Fremantle Hospital and Health Service and Curtin University of Technology in Perth, Western Australia. The partnership engages academics in the clinical setting in two formalised collaborative appointments. This partnership not only enhances communication between educational and health services, but fosters the development of nursing research and knowledge. The process of the collaborative partnership agreement involved the development of a Practice-Research Model (PRM) of collaboration. This model encourages a close working relationship between registered nurses and academics, and has also facilitated strong links at the health service with the Nursing Research and Evaluation Unit, medical staff and other allied health professionals. Links have also been established with other health services and agencies in the metropolitan area. The key concepts exemplified in the application of the model include practice-driven research development, collegial partnership, collaborative ownership and best practice. Many specific outcomes have been achieved through implementation of the model, but overall the partnership between registered nurses and academics in the pursuit of research to support clinical practice has been the highlight. This has resulted in changes and innovations in current nursing practice and, importantly, dissemination of best practice outcomes.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed2001

Best practice in psychogeriatric care.

This paper presents a best practice model for psychogeriatric care. Best practice is becoming one of the most common expressions used in the area of health care, and is often referred to in government reports and documents. The definition of 'best practice', however, is still evolving. What then, is best practice? And how can the principles of best practice be applied and integrated into the clinical speciality of psychogeriatrics? The article emphasizes the importance of evidence-based interventions and the need to focus on the pragmatic aspects of providing best practice in the clinical area of psychogeriatrics; that is, what works best in practice? The position taken by the authors of this paper is that the conceptualization of a best practice model in psychogeriatrics is necessary in order to describe and explain the different components involved in the service provided. This conceptualization also communicates and articulates the role of the major stakeholders, and the key players in the achievement of best practice. A psychogeriatric service may become more coherent, more goal-orientated and more efficient if a model is utilized. This paper outlines a proposed model of best practice in psychogeriatrics, and discusses the potential implications for achieving desirable clinical outcomes.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

The stratified-population-at-risk (SPAR) model for psychogeriatric nursing: a paradigm for the third millennium?

There is warning of a coming epidemic of older people with psychiatric problems. However, there are already too few specialist nurses to ensure that all older people receive care concordant with accepted professional standards. This problem is an obstacle to the World Health Organization health for all by 2000 objective. The Stratified Population at Risk (SPAR) model is a proactive paradigm for planning psychogeriatric nursing services that includes mental health promotion. The SPAR model assumes that-under certain conditions-all people are vulnerable to psychiatric problems, but differ in their level of risk. The model includes an innovative role for psychogeriatric nurse specialists.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Ethics in qualitative research.

PURPOSE: To critically examine ethical issues in qualitative research. ORGANIZING CONSTRUCT: The ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, and justice are guides for researchers to address initial and ongoing tensions between the needs and goals of the research and the rights of participants. METHODS: Research literature, ethics literature, and researcher experiences. CONCLUSIONS: Ethical principles can be used to guide the research in addressing the initial and ongoing issues arising from qualitative research in order to meet the goals of the research as well as to maintain the rights of the research participants.

Altruism↗
PubMed2001

Coping strategies in clinical practice: the nursing students' lived experience.

This phenomenological study was designed to understand the lived experience of nursing students coping with the demands of their clinical practice. The Husserlian phenomenological approach was used. The data revealed several strategies that fourteen student nurses utilised to cope with the demands of their undergraduate clinical program. The participants discussed having a strong determination to complete their course and talking things over with family, friends, and other students as means of helping them get through it. They considered that only other nursing students could really understand the experience of being a student nurse. Therefore, a very effective student grapevine operated in their undergraduate program. The grapevine was used to disseminate information about all aspects of the course. Other strategies discussed by the participants were 'playing the game' and doing only what was necessary to complete the undergraduate program. This paper describes the learning strategies used by nursing students during their clinical practice, which has implications for clinical teachers and schools of nursing.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

Cross-cultural communication and health care practice.

This article describes concepts such as culture, cross-culture and the effect of culture in the communication process between clients and health professionals from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in order to promote holistic health care. The paper outlines a case study that can be used to both support and improve cultural competence.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2000

Are universities preparing nurses to meet the challenges posed by the Australian mental health care system?

The preparedness of comprehensive nurses to work with the mentally ill is of concern to many mental health professionals. Discussion as to whether current undergraduate nursing programs in Australia prepare a graduate to work as a beginning practitioner in the mental health area has been the centre of debate for most of the 1990s. This, along with the apparent lack of interest and motivation of these nurses to work in the mental health area following graduation, remains a major problem for mental health care providers. With one in five Australians now experiencing the burden of a major mental illness, the preparation of a nurse who is competent to work with the mentally ill would appear to be a priority. The purpose of the present study was to determine third year undergraduate nursing students' perceived level of preparedness to work with mentally ill clients. The results suggested significant differences in students' perceived level of confidence, knowledge and skills prior to and following theoretical and clinical exposure to the mental health area. Pre-testing of students before entering their third year indicated that the philosophy of comprehensive nursing: integration, although aspired to in principle, does not appear to occur in reality.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Models of integrated cancer care: a critique of the literature.

A number of models that integrate care across the hospital-community interface have been developed. Consumers and health care providers who are considering adopting this approach to service delivery need to consider which model is most suitable for implementation in their setting. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to identify and describe integrated care delivery models. This article defines five integrated models of care, provides a critical analysis of each model, and evaluates the extent to which claims about the models are supported by clinical reports and empirical findings. Finally, recommendations are made regarding implementation.

Continuity of Patient Care↗
PubMed1996

Rural health and the educational preparation of nurses for aged care.

The findings of this study indicate that a large number of nurses practising in the rural areas of Western Australia are regularly working with the elderly. Registered nurses who received some form of education specific to working with the elderly were interested in continuing their education in gerontology. Those registered nurses who did not work regularly with the elderly were the least interested in an external study course. This may be because some nurses working in rural hospitals may prefer to work in their area of expertise rather than in other nursing areas.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changing to a conceptual base curriculum.

The movement of undergraduate nursing education from the hospital to tertiary institution in Australia has highlighted the need for nursing to develop curricula that reflect a more rigourous academic basis and the universality of nursing care. This change demands that nursing faculty must articulate a philosophy and concept of nursing upon which to base a curriculum in order to meet present and future needs of society for health care. The faculty in the School of Nursing of Curtin University of Technology in Western Australia has responded to this challenge and is currently in the process of implementing its conceptual model of nursing.

Curriculum↗