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Biomedical subjects

A Okamoto

Publications and source records attributed to A Okamoto.

242 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Low specificity of cytokeratin 19 mRNA expression in the peripheral blood cells from patients with ovarian tumors.

We examined CK19 mRNA expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with ovarian tumor by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers which did not cross-amplify pseudogenes of CK19 gene. The incidence of positive CK19 mRNA expression in healthy individuals, benign ovarian tumor patients and ovarian cancer patients were 60% (12/20), 71% (10/14) and 84% (21/25), respectively. Although the frequency of positive CK19 mRNA expression in PBMC from ovarian tumor patients was higher than that from healthy individuals, there was no statistically significant difference between the frequencies. Moreover, one healthy control showed CK19 mRNA expression only in her menstrual period, not in her proliferative phase or secretory phase. These results suggested that CK19 is not a suitable target to detect the presence of tumor cells in the PBMC from patients with ovarian tumors.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Possibility of slow-growing variants in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Four patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma suggesting slow-growing tumors are reported on. Tumors in 2 of the 4 were far-advanced, but both survived for over 3 years after treatment. One demonstrated 165 days of serum CA 19-9 level doubling time (T2CA 19-9), while the other demonstrated 135 days of DUPAN II level doubling time. Late tumor recurrence was observed in the remaining 2 patients who survived over 8 years after surgery, demonstrating long-term T2CA 19-9. A long-term T2CA 19-9 of 141 days was correlated with slow tumor growth in computed tomography (CT) scans in 1 patient, who survived 2.5 years after evidence of recurrent tumor without supplementary therapy. These observations, which suggest slow-growing variants, have not been reported in the literature on pancreatic adenocarcinoma. A significant difference was also seen in tumor-marker doubling time among 6 patients who survived over 3 years and 26 patients who did not (p = 0.02). Thus, the doubling time may characterize certain tumors biologically in a way that is useful in practice for predicting disease outcome.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new embryologic hypothesis of annular pancreas.

Annular pancreas is a developmental anomaly of the pancreas. There are two major hypotheses concerning development of the annular pancreas from the ventral pancreatic anlage; adhesion of the right ventral anlage to the duodenal wall (Lecco's theory), and persistence of the left ventral anlage (Baldwin's theory) reported in 1910, but each theory has some problems and can account for only a few types of annular pancreas. We report a new embryologic hypothesis of annular pancreas which can account for the developmental mechanism of three types of arrangement of annular ducts. The tip of the left ventral anlage adheres to the duodenum and stretches to form a ring. Whether the tip is proximal or distal to the bile duct creates several arrangements of the annular duct.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of hepatocellular carcinoma in normal liver with no evidence of HBV or HCV infection.

We reported a very rare case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developed in a normal liver without persistent hepatitis B or C virus (HBV or HCV) infection. A 39-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for epigastralgia. Laboratory data demonstrated normal liver function and she had no evidence of past and persistent HBV or HCV infection. Abdominal ultrasonography and abdominal CT scan demonstrated liver tumor of about 40 mm in maximal diameter in the lateral segment. This tumor was moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from the result of operative sample, and the non-tumor area surrounding the HCC was normal pathological finding. The potential integration of HBV DNA into tumor or non tumor cells was not observed. This is a very rare case of hepatocellular carcinoma developed in a normal liver without HBV and HCV infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of T3 and T4 carcinomas of the gallbladder.

Forty-nine patients with T3 and T4 carcinoma of the gallbladder were treated by three different regimens. Group 1 consisted of 26 patients treated with combined resection alone; group 2 was twelve patients whose tumors had spread to the hepatoduodenal ligament treated with combined resection plus intraoperative radiation therapy; group 3 comprised eleven patients with nonresectable tumors treated with hyperthermia in combination with chemoradiation therapy (HCRT). The difference in the survival rates between group 1 and 2 were statistically significant (p < 0.001); however, the difference between group 2 and 3 was not significant. In group 1, there was a significant difference between patients with and without lymph node involvement in the 3-year survival rate (p < 0.01). Thus, the only patients without involvement of regional lymph nodes and the hepatoduodenal ligament have the best potential for long-term survival through aggressive surgical approaches. HCRT may provide an alternative palliation for patients with advanced carcinoma showing obstructive jaundice.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Race/ethnicity, social class, and prevalence of breast cancer prognostic biomarkers: a study of white, black, and Asian women in the San Francisco bay area.

We assessed distributions of breast cancer prognostic biomarkers by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic position among paraffin-embedded tumor biopsy specimens from 135 US women (48 white women, 44 black women, 43 Asian women) diagnosed with breast cancer between 1966 and 1990. No racial/ethnic or socioeconomic differences in distributions were observed for tumor stage, lymph node involvement, estrogen, progesterone, and epidermal growth factor receptors, oncogenes such as Her2/neu and p53, cytoplasmic proteins cathepsin-D and ps2, and two indices of cell growth, Ki67 and DNA ploidy, adjusting for age at diagnosis, menopausal status, place of birth and, for racial/ethnic comparisons, working class composition of census block-group at diagnosis. Black and Asian women, however, were 3.5 times (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2, 10.1) and 3.7 times (95% CI = 1.3, 10.6), respectively more likely than white women to have a tumor size of > or = 20 mm, and Asian women were 3.4 times (95% CI = 1.1, 10.4) more likely than black women to be positive for androgen receptor, adjusting for these same factors. No differences in distributions by socioeconomic position were observed for these latter two tumor characteristics. These data suggest that racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in breast cancer survival are unlikely to be explained solely by differential distributions of molecular breast cancer prognostic biomarkers.

Asian↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of juxtapapillary duodenal diverticulum in the formation of gallbladder stones.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Juxtapapillary diverticula (JPD) are considered to be associated with choledocholithiasis but not with cholecystolithiasis. However, there have been few comparative studies on the relationship between JPD and cholecystolithiasis under strict matching for sex and age. METHODOLOGY: Among 4542 consecutive ERCPs at Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, 549 patients who were 63 years of age or older were enrolled in this study and were matched for sex and age. They were divided into two groups: with and without JPD. Firstly, the frequency of cholecystolithiasis was compared between the two groups. Next, we recruited 83 patients whose JPD size could be measured by the ERCP films and investigated the relationship between JPD size and gallstones. RESULTS: We found no correlation between JPD and the overall frequency of cholecystolithiasis. However, an analysis of 83 patients with measurable JPD revealed that the size of JPD was closely linked to the occurrence of cholecystolithiasis. The JPD size was statistically larger in patients with cholecystolithiasis than those without. Moreover, when the mean diameter of JPD was 20 mm or more, the incidence of cholecystolithiasis rose up to 73.3%, which was significantly greater compared to the incidence in patients without JPD (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: A larger JPD may play a role in the formation of gallbladder stones.

Aged↗