Efficacy of isoprothiolane for the treatment of fat necrosis in cattle.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
A Oka
Publications and source records attributed to A Oka.
An in vitro method generating base substitutions in preselected regions of plasmid DNA: application to structural analysis of the replication origin of the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome.
A method for introducing base substitutions in defined regions of plasmid DNA has been developed. In principle, a circular heteroduplex DNA containing a gap is constructed by annealing of two kinds of linear molecules derived from the same plasmid: One is the molecule shortened either by exonucleolytic digestion from the termini generated at a restriction site or by removal of a region flanked by two restriction sites, and the other the full-length molecule linearized at a different site. The deleted region in the shorter linear molecule becomes a single-stranded gap in the circular heteroduplex DNA. The heteroduplex is then treated with sodium bisulfite that converts specifically cytosine residues to uracil residues in single-stranded regions. After filling in the gap by repair synthesis, transformation is carried out to isolate mutant plasmids. Since two kinds of circular heteroduplexes are formed by annealing in which the sequences in the gaps are complementary to each other, mutagenesis of both strands can be accomplished in one experiment. This method was applied to construction of mutants with base substitutions in the replication origin region (oriC) of the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome which had previously been cloned in colicin E1 plasmid vectors, and various mutants in defined regions of oriC were successfully isolated at high efficiencies. Analysis of these mutants provided evidence that oriC contains special regions, designated spacers, which separate neighboring important sequences specifying interactions with initiation factors for DNA replication at precise distances.
Base Sequence↗
Reduction of seizure frequency with clomipramine in patients with complex partial seizures.
Two patients with complex partial seizures who had been refractory to various antiepileptics were treated with clomipramine. The frequency of the seizures was reduced to 0-30% of the original levels. It has been reported that imipramine is effective in absence and minor motor seizures, and its antiepileptic effect is thought to be related to the inhibition of the presynaptic re-uptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. The basic effect of clomipramine is the same as that of imipramine except that the inhibitory action of clomipramine on serotonin re-uptake is 5- to 10-times more potent than that of imipramine. It is implied that clomipramine may be of use in the treatment of partial epilepsies.
Adolescent↗
Temporary improvement of neurological symptoms with gammaglobulin therapy in a boy with adrenoleukodystrophy.
A 10-year-old boy with adrenoleukodystrophy was treated with gammaglobulin in conjunction with a mixture of glyceryl trioleate and glyceryl trierucate. With a high dose of gammaglobulin, clinical improvement, including the reduction of visual field defects, was noted. On magnetic resonance imaging, attenuation of the enhancement of the rim with gadolinium was observed, suggesting repair of the blood-brain barrier. When auditory agnosia developed later, a temporary improvement was again obtained with gammaglobulin. Although the progress of the disease could not be arrested permanently, gammaglobulin therapy seemed to have been associated with temporary improvement of the clinical symptoms in this patient with adrenoleukodystrophy.
Adrenoleukodystrophy↗
Transcranial magnetic stimulation in an adrenoleukodystrophy patient.
We experienced an 11-year-old boy diagnosed as having adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), and studied his motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). He had intellectual and visual impairment, and MRI revealed high intensity of the parieto-occipital white matter. On evaluation of the long tracts, slight spasticity with equivocal Babinski signs was noted: however, the long tracts appeared intact on MRI, and short latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) were completely normal. On TMS delivered through a circular coil, MEPs recorded from the relaxed first dorsal interosseous muscle showed that only the duration was significantly prolonged, which may be due to temporal dispersion of descending volleys in the pyramidal tracts, while the latency was not prolonged. TMS in ALD was considered sensitive and useful for detecting subtle involvement of the long tracts.
Adrenoleukodystrophy↗
Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature teratoma with metastasis to the urinary bladder.
We describe a patient with squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature teratoma. Magnetic resonance (MR) images revealed a solid lobulated mass attached to the ovarian cyst containing a fat-fluid level. The solid component with extension into pelvic fat showed as hypointensity on T2-weighted MR images with good enhancement. A metastatic tumor to the urinary bladder was also demonstrated.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
Nucleotide sequence at the insertion sites of a kanamycin transposon.
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Base Sequence↗
Papillary adenocarcinoma of the epididymis.
An 82 year old man with a unilateral epididymal mass was found, on histopathologic examination of a surgically removed specimen, to have a primary papillary adenocarcinoma of a clear cell variant which mimicked renal cell carcinoma. Repeated imaging studies confirmed the absence of renal cell carcinoma. Because the present case had great similarities in histologic appearance and anatomical location to papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis, it may be a malignant counterpart of the latter type of tumor.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content of tumor cells in cases of gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach and in the remnant stomach.
Thirteen samples of gastric tumors that had developed in the remnant stomach (remnant gastric cancer) were compared with 63 samples of primary gastric tumors located in the upper third of the stomach (primary gastric cancer) by both clinicopathologic and flow cytometric analysis. The depths of invasion of all these tumors corresponded to the mucosa, submucosa, or muscularis propria layers and the histological stages were stages I, II, or III. There was no significant difference between the two groups of samples either histopathologically or clinically (the 5-year survival rates were 74.6% for patients with remnant gastric cancer and 90.4% for patients with primary gastric cancer). DNA aneuploidy was encountered in 23.1% of the cases of remnant gastric cancer and in 33.3% of the cases of primary gastric cancer. Little difference was found in the S-phase fractions between tumors and normal gastric mucosa of the upper third of the stomach and the remnant stomach. Thus, while the environments in the upper third of the stomach and in the remnant stomach are very different, histopathological and biological characteristics of adenocarcinomas that developed in the remnant stomach are very similar to those of adenocarcinomas in the upper third of the stomach.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Mediastinoscopy and its current status in Japan].
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Relationship between the cell-proliferative activity of gastric cancers and that of the normal epithelium.
Samples of gastric carcinomas and of normal gastric mucosa adjacent to tumors from 104 patients with primary mucosal gastric cancer were analysed by flow-cytometry. These patients were divided into two groups according to the histologic type of their tumors (differentiated group and undifferentiated group). The pattern of DNA ploidy and the sizes of the S- and G2M-phase fractions (percentages of cells at each respective phase) were compared between these two groups. DNA aneuploidy was encountered in 25.4% of the cases in the differentiated group and in 21.2% of the cases in the undifferentiated group. The mean sizes of S- and G2M-phase fractions of carcinomas in the differentiated group were 8.85% and 3.75% and they were significantly higher than the mean sizes of S- and G2M-phase fractions of carcinomas in the undifferentiated group (6.97% and 2.92%). Moreover, the S-phase fraction of normal gastric mucosa adjacent to the differentiated adenocarcinoma was 5.75% and this value was significantly higher than that of normal gastric mucosa adjacent to undifferentiated adenocarcinoma (4.80%). These results suggest that the proliferative activity of mucosal gastric cancer cells, as described by flow-cytometry, is higher in cases of differentiated adenocarcinoma than in cases of undifferentiated adenocarcinoma, and that the proliferative activity of normal cells in the gastric mucosa close to where adenocarcinoma develops is higher in cases of differentiated adenocarcinoma than in cases of undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. Thus, differentiated adenocarcinoma seems to develop from gastric mucosa with high proliferative activity.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Relationship between area of serosal invasion and intraperitoneal free cancer cells in patients with gastric cancer.
This study, we evaluated the relationship between the macroscopic area of serosal invasion by gastric carcinoma and the incidence of intraperitoneal free cancer cells which were detected by lavage of the Douglas cavity. Between 1976 and 1989, 362 patients with advanced gastric cancer (t3, t4) were gastrectomized and intraperitoneal free cancer cells were recognized in 119 patients (32.9%). Only 17.3% of patients with an area of serosal invasion of less than 10 cm2 had free cancer cells in their peritoneal cavities, however, 68.5% of patients with an area of serosal invasion greater than 20 cm2 had free cancer cells. Even, if curative surgery was performed for patients with free cancer cells, their five-year survival rate was very poor. The five-year survival rate of patients with curatively operated gastric cancer without free cancer cells was 49.3%, however that of patients with free cancer cells was significantly lower (15.4%, P < 0.01). Even when we are not able to receive the cytologic diagnosis for intraperitoneal free cancer cells during the operation, patients with macroscopic areas of serosal invasion greater than 20 cm2 may have free cancer cells in a very high percentage. They should be treated with effective adjuvant chemotherapy the soon after the operation to prevent peritoneal metastatic recurrence and to prolong survival.
Aged↗
Relationship between hematogenic metastasis of gastric cancer and the maximum extent of venous invasion by cancer cells in the gastric wall.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The prognosis or the incidence of hematogenic metastasis after operation in patients with gastric cancer with venous invasion by cancer cells is still unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The correlation was examined between venous invasion by gastric cancer and the occurrence of hematogenic metastasis in patients with gastric cancer at stage t2 (tumor had invaded muscularis propria or subserosa). RESULTS: The incidence of venous invasion by cancer cells in 228 patients with t2 gastric cancer was 53.5%, as determined histologically. Between 1977 and 1993, 32 of these 22 patients died from hematogenic metastasis. Thirty of the 32 patients (93.8%) with hematogenic metastasis had evidence of venous invasion by cancer cells of the gastric wall. Furthermore, 17 of the 30 patients (56.7%) had venous invasion at the subserosal layer of the stomach (ssv). However, of 196 patients without hematogenic metastasis, 92 patients had venous invasion and only 8 of 92 patients (8.7%) had ssv. The mean maximum extent of ssv in 8 patients without hematogenic metastasis was 2.28 mm but it was 4.76 mm in 17 patients with hematogenic metastasis (P = 0.028). CONCLUSION: Thus, the hematogenic metastasis of gastric cancer was very closely related to the presence of extensive venous invasion by cancer cells of the subserosal layer in the gastric wall.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Synchronous and metachronous primary malignancies in organs other than the stomach in patients with early gastric cancer.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: We investigated the outcomes of patients with early gastric cancer, with special reference to the prognosis of patients with synchronous or metachronous primary malignancies in organs other than the stomach. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Among 890 patients with early gastric cancer, 97 (10.9%) had synchronous or metachronous primary malignancies in organs other than the stomach. Ten-year survival rates were compared between patients who had additional malignancies and patients who had early gastric cancer but no other malignant disease (control group). RESULTS: Synchronous primary malignancies were detected in 32 patients and metachronous primary malignancies were detected in 65 patients (17 had developed before gastrectomy and 48 developed after gastrectomy). Hepatic cell carcinoma, lung cancer and colorectal cancer were frequently detected between 2 and 24 years after gastrectomy. The 10-year survival rate was 80.8% for 769 patients in the control group but it was only 49.7% for the 92 patients with additional malignancies. Moreover, metachronous malignant disease was found more over 10 years after gastrectomy in 30 of the 48 cases (62.5%). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest the importance of long-term follow-up for detection of metachronous carcinomas at sites other than the stomach for patients with early gastric cancer.
Cause of Death↗
The proliferative activity of cancer cells at the invasive margin of a tumor is a good indicator of the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer with serosal invasion.
The proliferative activity of cancer cells, as indicated by numbers of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs), at five sites along the invasive margin of the tumor was assessed for 65 patients with histologically proven and curatively operated gastric adenocarcinoma that had invaded the serosa. The mean number of AgNORs in cells at the invasive margin of the tumor was 4.6. Patients with high AgNOR scores (AgNOR score > or = 4.6, n = 34) had a significantly elevated frequency of lymphatic involvement (82%) as compared with patients with low AgNOR scores (AgNOR scores < 4.6, n = 31, 45%), regardless of the size and histologic type of the tumor, and the depth of invasion of the gastric wall. The 5-year survival rate of 33 patients with high AgNOR scores (22.7%) was significantly poorer than that of 31 patients with low AgNOR scores (55.4%, p = 0.024). Thus, the AgNOR score of cancer cells at the invasive margin of the tumor appears to be a good predictor of the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer with serosal invasion.
Adult↗