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Biomedical subjects

A Ohkubo

Publications and source records attributed to A Ohkubo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Multilayer-film analysis for urea nitrogen in blood, serum, or plasma.

Two types of multilayer-film slides for measurement of urea nitrogen in blood are reported here: one for whole-blood samples, the other for plasma or serum. Urea nitrogen concentrations in plasma are determined almost immediately, without preparation of reagents or centrifugation of blood samples. Because the sample volume applied to the slide is not critical, reliable results are quickly obtained by the neophyte.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1983

Serial changes in cytosolic, mitochondrial, and lysosomal enzymes and cardiac myosin light chain II in plasma following coronary ligation in conscious closed-chest dogs.

We studied serial changes in various myocardial enzymes and cardiac myosin light chain II (LCII) in plasma following coronary ligation in 14 conscious closed-chest dogs. Cytoplasmic enzymes [creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and supernatant glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (sGOT)] reached maximum at 12-24 hr and returned to normal at 72-96 hr. The mitochondrial isozyme of GOT (mGOT) began to rise at 6-9 hr, peaked at 12-30 hr (4.8-42.2 IU/liter), and stayed higher at 96 hr than before infarction. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), another mitochondrial enzyme, began to elevate at 6-16 hr and reached maximum at 24-60 hr (6.2-20.5 U/liter); GLDH also showed higher levels at 96 hr than before infarction. N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG), a lysosomal enzyme, showed a biphasic pattern in every case. The first peak appeared at 3-12 hr, and the second one at 36-72 hr. Myosin LCII began to rise at 3-9 hr, peaked at 30-120 hr (34-136 ng/ml), and remained elevated for 7 to 10 days. Determination of these myocardial enzymes or LCII in plasma is useful for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1983

[Phase II study with methyl-6[[[2-chloroethyl) nitrosoamino] carbonyl] amino]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU) in hematological malignancies].

A total of 117 cases with hematological malignancies were treated with MCNU at doses of 70-100 mg/m2. Following are the results obtained. 1. MCNU showed a marked depression of cells in the cases with CML, polycythemia vera and thrombocythemia. The low level of cells was maintained for 2 to 7 months. 2. A good response was observed in several cases with blastic crises of CML. 3. No response was observed in two cases with acute leukemia. 4. Although a fair response was observed in several cases with malignant lymphoma or multiple myeloma, moderate bone marrow suppression was observed in a majority of the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Changes in aminolevulinate synthase and aminolevulinate dehydratase activity in cirrhotic liver.

Delta-Aminolevulinate synthase and delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase activities were determined in liver biopsy specimens obtained from 12 patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Delta-Aminolevulinate synthase activity was determined by the incorporation of [1,4-14C]succinyl coenzyme A into delta-aminolevulinate. The mean activity of delta-aminolevulinate synthase was significantly higher in cirrhotic liver specimens (mean +/- SE, 193.7 +/- 34.5 picomoles delta-aminolevulinate per milligram protein per 30 minutes) than in controls with minimal histologic changes (32.7 +/- 13.6, p less than 0.01). Furthermore, the mean activity of delta-aminolevulinate synthase was higher in micronodular cirrhosis (281.6 +/- 58.8) than in the other types of cirrhosis (131.0 +/- 23.1, p less than 0.05). Levels of indocyanine green retention at 15 min correlated with the activity of hepatic delta-aminolevulinate synthase (p less than 0.05). The mean activity of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase, in contrast, was significantly lower in cirrhotic liver specimens (9.4 +/- 1.3 nanomoles porphobilinogen per milligram protein per hour) than in controls (22.0 +/- 2.6, p less than 0.05). These results suggest that the extent of liver injury or the degree of portosystemic shunting, or both, influence the rate of hepatic heme biosynthesis.

5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase↗
PubMed1983

[Phase I study on oral administration of methyl-6-[[[(2-chloroethyl) nitrosoamino] carbonyl] amino]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU)].

A total of 48 patients with various malignant disorders, mostly from hemopoietic organs, entered to phase I study of MCNU given orally. Fifty-six percent of the patients given MCNU at the doses of 50-125 mg/m2 complained of gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea and vomiting, which were however mild and well tolerated. In the following study employing administration of 50 mg/day of MCNU for consecutive 2-6 days, the gastrointestinal toxicities were reduced to 26.1%, and hematological toxicities of delayed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were derived 4-6 weeks after oral intake of the drug. The hematological recovery required 1-2 weeks after the nadir of leukocyte and thrombocyte count. A recommended dose for phase II study of MCNU by the route of oral administration was 50 mg/body/day for consecutive 4-6 days in every 8 weeks interval. The peak value of blood concentration of MCNU was obtained 60-120 minutes after p.o. administration at the doses of 50-100 mg. Elimination half-life was estimated to be 40-45 minutes. No concentration of the drug was detected in blood 24 hours after the administration.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Plasma glucose concentrations of whole blood, as determined with a multilayer-film analytical element.

A new type of multilayer film analytical element--consisting of a spreading layer, a blocking layer, an enzymic reagent layer, and a transparent layer--has been developed for blood glucose determination. After a spot of whole blood is dropped on the film, the plasma glucose concentration is determined in 6 min without further manipulations. Precise measurement of sample volume spotted on the film is not necessary for good results, nor is knowledge of the hematocrit in the range 10-46%. The minimum concentration of glucose detectable by this method is 100 mg/L. The coefficients of variation, within-run and between-run, were all less than 2.5% for 800-4000 mg/L glucose concentrations. Macromolecules and hydrophobic substances in blood did not interfere. This method seems suitable for emergency use, especially.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1980

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in patients with idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH).

Both cryptogenic liver cirrhosis and idiopathic portal hypertension without pathological findings of liver cirrhosis (IPH) are relatively common in Japan. To find differrence between IPH and cryptogenic liver cirrhosis of Japanese, we investigated human leukocyte antigen (HLA), familial clustering of liver diseases as well as prevalence of HBs antigen in 31 patients with IPH. The age of patients with IPH ranged between 6 and 67 years old (mean, 40 years). The ratio of female to male in patients with IPH was 3.1. The incidence of chronic liver diseases in the relatives of patients with cryptogenic liver cirrhosis was significantly high (29.1%), whereas that in the relatives of patients with IPH was not high (12.9%) as compared with hospitalized controls (8.9%). The phenotype frequencies of the specificities of HLA A and B loci in patients with IPH did not differ from those in healthy controls. And the incidence of HBs antigen and antibody in patient with IPH (3.2% and 20.7%, respectively) was similar to those in normal subjects in Japan. These findings suggest that IPH in Japan is a different clinical entity from cryptogenic liver cirrhosis and that HB virus may not be one of the main causes of IPH.

Adolescent↗