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Biomedical subjects

A O Osoba

Publications and source records attributed to A O Osoba.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Contact tracing in the control of STD in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Contact tracing carried out at this clinic was analysed as part of measures for control of sexually transmitted disease (STD). Results showed that 50% of 156 contacts could not be traced at all for various reasons, and that 47% of the contacts were brought in through persuasion by index patients who had been counselled at the clinic. Only four contacts were traced, and two of these attended the clinic. Index patient cooperation is thus identified as the most important factor in the success of contact tracing, because of the high level of illiteracy and poor communications facilities in Nigeria, compared with industrialised countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Trichomonal vaginitis in Nigerian women.

The frequency of trichomonal vaginitis and the epidemiological factors associated with it as seen at the Special Treatment Clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan, over an eighteen-month period is presented. The usual association of this infection with other genital infections is highlighted and the possible inherent serious dangers of associations such as pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Intraoral condylomata acuminata. A case report.

Condylomata acuminata occurred intraorally in a 6 year old Nigerian girl. Since she had no skin or genital lesions and no history of sexual contact, the virus was probably acquired from environmental sources. Non-sexual modes of transmission should, therefore, be considered, particularly when the lesions are extragenital.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Chlamydial genital infection in Ibadan, Nigeria. A seroepidemiological survey.

Sera from patients attending a sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic, a family planning clinic, and an antenatal clinic in Ibadan, Nigeria, as well as from male blood donors from the same area were tested for the presence of type specific antichlamydial antibodies using a modified micro-immunofluorescence test. Among men and women attending the STD clinic the exposure rates to Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes D to K (genital pathogens) were 18.7% and 26.7% respectively. Antibody titres suggesting active disease in these men and women were found in 11.8% and 22.7% respectively. The highest rate of exposure (35%) was among women attending the family planning clinic; of these women 25% had antibody suggesting active disease. Titres of IgG antibody in this study were similar to those found among men and women with chlamydial genital infections in the United Kingdom. Antibodies to serotypes D to K were also detected in 10.3% of women attending an antenatal clinic and in 9.9% of male blood donors. The prevalence of antibodies to C trachomatis serotypes A to C and lymphogranuloma venereum serotypes was low. These results suggest that the prevalence of chlamydial genital infections in Ibadan, both among STD patients and especially among those individuals not seeking treatment (family planning and antenatal clinic patients), is high. Since serious sequelae can follow chlamydial genital infections it is imperative to carry out further investigations in this area.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1981

Marshall syndrome: a condition resembling congenital syphilis.

Marshall syndrome (ectodermal dysplasia) was diagnosed in a 14-year-old boy and is thought to be the first case reported from West Africa. Because of the saddle-nose deformity and bilateral cataracts all patients suspected of having congenital syphilis should be investigated for ocular or auditory defects, which would confirm the diagnosis of ectodermal dysplasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Sexually transmitted diseases in tropical Africa. A review of the present situation.

At present very little information is available on the prevalence and pattern of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in many countries of tropical Africa. The available evidence does, however, suggest that these diseases are highly prevalent and that a considerable reservoir of infection exists among the female population. Gonorrhoea is probably the most commonly recognised STD in tropical Africa, frequently causing epididymitis and urethral stricture in men and salpingitis and pelvic inflammatory disease in women. The prevalence of a infectious syphilis is still high, particularly the late manifestations of the disease. The prevalence of the other STDs is also high. Thus, the problem is clearly very serious and the need for improving facilities for diagnosis and treatment urgent; some attempt also must be made to initiate control measures.

Africa↗
PubMed1981

[Sexually transmissible disease in tropical Africa].

Sexually transmitted diseases in tropical Africa are a severe problem. The facilities for diagnosis and treatment in general are pour. Reliable informations on epidemiology are rare. Gonorrhea and non-gonorrheal urethritis are probably the commonest in tropical Africa, frequently giving rise to epididymitis, urethral strictures and salpingitis as well as pelvic inflammatory diseases, important factors of infertility. Evidence available suggests that the incidence of infectious syphilis is high. Some authors however are of the opinion that there is a steady decline of the condition. Among young children gonococcal vulvovaginitis and ophthalmia neonatorum as well as congenital syphilis are still very common. The management of sexually transmitted diseases has been briefly reviewed as well as the role of socio-cultural attitudes.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Microbiologic techniques for the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease in developing countries.

Pelvic inflammatory disease is a major medical problem that causes serious complications in a large number of the female population in many developing countries. It is estimated that between 20% and 30% of gynecologic admissions in these countries are due to PID. The alarmingly high prevalence of gonorrhea is probably a major cause of this syndrome. Diagnosis of PID on clinical grounds without laboratory verification is the rule. The various techniques for diagnosing PID are discussed briefly. Primarily because of very small health budgets, the limitations faced by developing nations in the accurate diagnosis of PID are (1) a lack of adequately trained personnel, (2) inadequate clinic facilities, (3) low accuracy of clinical diagnosis, and (4) ill-equipped and understaffed laboratory services. Suggestions are offered for improvement of the present unsatisfactory situation.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1980

Epidemiology of gonococcal vulvovaginitis among children in the tropics.

In a three-year prospective clinical study, 42 children aged between 1 and 12 years were found to have gonococcal vulvovaginitis. Epidemiological investigations showed that contaminated fomites--particularly bedclothing, underclothing, and towels--and precocious sexual intercourse were the important vehicles of transmission of gonococci to the genital tract of these children.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Perigenital cutaneous schistosomiasis.

Perigenital cutaneous schistosomiasis was diagnosed in a patient who had no previous genitourinary or gastrointestinal symptoms suggesting schistosomiasis; his only symptom was a pruritic papular rash in the perineum. Late cutaneous schistosomiasis due to deposition of ova in the dermis is rare but can affect the genital and periumbilical areas. This report highlights the difficulty in diagnosing cutaneous schistosomiasis and the need for biopsy of itchy cutaneous lesions in patients from localities where the infection is endemic.

Child↗
PubMed1979

T-mycoplasma and reproductive failure.

86 infertile couples and 20 couples of proven fertility as well as 30 pregnant women were investigated for the presence of ureaplasma urealyticum (T-mycoplasma) in the cervical secretion and semen. The frequency of T-mycoplasma was greater among infertile patients than the fertile group. Moreover, the rate of pregnancy wastage and the finding of nonspecific inflammatory cytology was more common in patients with positive cultures for T-mycoplasma.

Africa↗
PubMed1979

Medical treatment of sexually transmitted diseases in developing countries. Part II: Other venereal diseases.

Although gonorrhoea and syphilis are the better known of the sexually transmitted diseases, attention has been drawn to the other sexually transmitted diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Although statistics are not available in most developing countries, herpes genitalis has been suggested as commoner than syphilis as a cause of genital ulceration while non-specific urethritis is commoner than gonorrhoea as a cause of urethritis. The incidence, clinical features and diagnostic procedures of syphilis, herpes genitalis, non-gonococcal urethritis, lymphogranuloma venereum and trichomoniasis have been briefly discussed. The management of these conditions in developing countries have been outlined.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

Ureaplasma urealyticum (T. mycoplasma) and male infertility in topical countries.

In view of the potential role of ureaplasma urealyticum in reproductive failure, sample of semen from 100 Nigerian males was cultured in oxoid mycoplasma broth. In 39% of the patients, Uraeplasma uraelyticum was cultured. Of those with positive culture, 92.3% were infertile patients. Five subfertile males achieved pregnancy in their partners after eradication of the ureaplasma urealyticum by a course of tetracycline.

Humans↗