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Biomedical subjects

A O Diefendorf

Publications and source records attributed to A O Diefendorf.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Physiologic and behavioral approaches to pediatric hearing assessment.

A behavioral approach is the first choice for hearing assessment in infants and children. It is the only true test of hearing. Physiologic measures are not tests of hearing, only indicators of auditory function. The use of physiologic measures in estimating hearing levels makes some presumptions regarding the concept of hearing. As such, these measures are used when a definitive statement about hearing cannot be made on the basis of behavioral audiometric results, or when other factors (e.g., age or developmental delay) preclude obtaining reliable behavioral information.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Down syndrome: a multidisciplinary perspective.

Trisomy 21, a genetic disorder resulting from a chromosomal abnormality, is one of the most common forms of mental disability in the United States. Individuals with Down syndrome frequently present with a constellation of medical problems including conductive hearing loss and, to a lesser degree, sensorineural hearing loss. As part of a health care team, audiologists must be sensitive to and aware of medical conditions prior to establishing intervention strategies. Medical conditions, by necessity, precede audiologic interventions and, therefore, a close working relationship among team members is critical. Yet, audiologic and communication interventions should be established at the earliest possible time for maximizing an individual's development potential. This article stresses the importance of a multidisciplinary team in the provision of services so that prevention of further disabilities, improved outcomes of medical interventions, and appropriate habilitative and educational planning may ensue.

Down Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Monitoring of intraoperative auditory brainstem responses.

Intraoperative ABR monitoring provides a measure of reassurance when a surgical procedure places the cochlear nerve or its blood supply in jeopardy. ABR monitoring has demonstrated its place in the operating room during retrolabyrinthine vestibular nerve section for vertigo, and in acoustic neuroma operations, when hearing preservation is a high priority in surgical outcome.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1980

Hearing sensitivity and measurements of middle ear and eustachian tube function after maxillary osteotomy with advancement surgery.

The nature of audiologic changes after maxillary osteotomy with advancement surgery has not been fully documented. The purpose of this investigation was to better understand the potential alteration of eustachian tube, middle ear pressure and static compliance, and hearing sensitivity in individuals undergoing this type of surgical procedure. Pure tone audiometry and evaluation of middle ear and eustachian tube function were done on seven patients preoperatively and at the 3rd, 6th, and 12th postoperative weeks. Results indicated that, although hearing sensitivity and middle ear and eustachian tube function change from the normal preoperative state during the early postoperative recovery period, they return to normal limits by the 12th postoperative week. These changes suggest the importance of carefully audiologic status in patients undergoing this type of procedure.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparing normal hearing and hearing-impaired subject's performance on the Northwestern Auditory Test Number 6, California Consonant Test, and Pascoe's High-Frequency Word Test.

The Northwestern Auditory Test No. 6, the California Consonant Test, and Pascoe's High-Frequency Test were presented to two groups of listeners. One group consisted of 12 patients with normal hearing up to 2 kHz accompanied by a high-frequency loss. The second group consisted of persons with normal hearing. There were significant differences between the two groups of listeners in overall discrimination scores, among the four intensity levels (10, 20, 30, 40 dB) and the three speech discrimination tests. When the data from the hearing-impaired subjects were analyzed, it was found that these individuals obtained higher scores on the NU 6 material at 20, 30, and 40 dB SL when compared with the California Consonant Test and Pascoe's test. The results from the Newmann-Kuel multicomparison test indicated no statistical significance between the results of the California test and Pascoe's test; however, the distribution of scores at 40 dB was different. Results of this study suggested that the NU 6 test was not sufficiently sensitive to detect consonant confusions in individuals with high-frequency hearing loss.

Adult↗