[The bone and joint decade 2000-2010].
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Bone Diseases↗
Biomedical subjects
A Nowakowski
Publications and source records attributed to A Nowakowski.
[Algorithm in low back pain management in adults].
Currently recommended management for low back pain in adults is presented. The algorithm consists of two phases. In a patient presenting acute low back pain with no previous history thorough clinical evaluation (phase I) should aim at exclusion of cauda equina syndrome, fracture, neoplasm, infection, progressive neurological deficit, or chronic pain syndrome. If none of these condition is responsible for low back pain 4-6 weeks therapy depending on the severity of symptoms should be commenced. Then clinical reevaluation is indicated and if pain persists patient should be referred to a specialist (phase II). Previous diagnosis and treatment should be reviewed critically; if found appropriate the treatment might be repeated during phase II. Primary sources of low back pain as herniated nucleus pulposus, unremitting low back pain (segmental instability), spondylolysis, isthmic spondylolisthesis degenerative spondylolisthesis with spinal stenosis should be identified and appropriate treatment (surgical or conservative) undertaken. Patient education is an important component of phase II. In general, phase II of the algorithm aims at returning the patient to full psychophysical activity and at prevention of low back pain recurrence.
Adult↗
Cell for measurements of biological tissue complex conductivity.
The construction of the cell for measurement of complex electric conductivity is described. Two-chamber and four-electrode system with temperature stabilisation is developed. Guarding chamber and electrodes are used to minimise the leakage of current from the measurement chamber. The cell construction is examined by use of Finite Element Method. The model of the measurement cell is examined in order to improve the accuracy of measurements. The calibration procedure based on measurement of reference materials is presented. The frequency range of the cell is extended to 10 MHz with acceptable level of error. The examples of results from measurement breast normal and cancerous tissues are presented.
Bias↗
[Idiopathic scoliosis: epidemiology and etiology].
Authors present current knowledge about incidence and etiologic factors in idiopathic scoliosis (IS). Most data about incidence are based on screening examination in school children. Amount of patient with IS is related to the method of evaluation and experience of examiner. There is 1.9% to 3% cases in whole population if scoliosis is assumed as much as 10 degrees of Cobb angle (SRS). Etiology of IS is still in doubt despite of many investigations. There are many abnormalities in tissues but most of them probably secondary to this process. Etiology is multifactorial with dominance of inheritance. There are many genes responsible for occurrence of IS but genetic trait is still unknown.
Child↗
[Range of distal spondylodesis in surgical treatment of idiopathic scoliosis using multisegmental instrumentation].
This presentation aim was to provide correct answer in question of range of spondylodesis (both proximal and distal levels) in surgical treatment of idiopathic scoliosis with multisegmental instrumentation. The postoperative evaluation o 88 patients (77 girls and 11 boys) was done according to King and Moe classification. Average patients age was 13.8 years (11.4-17.1) with 18.2 months (12-29) follow-up. In 53 cases it was longer than 2 years. The identification of the curve pattern in both the coronal and sagittal planes will allow you to decide which curves to fuse. In the choice of upper fusion level one should keep attention to shoulder balance and presence of superior junctional kyphosis, extending than range of the fusion up to T2. In the lower level there is important to keep distal fusion mass in vertical alignment transsected by CSL (just like in the upper end in thoracic spine) to preserve spine compensation and remaining as many sa possible mobile spine segments below the fusion.
Adolescent↗
[Ethics in tutorial publications].
On basis of scientific literature authors discuss general rules of ethics as the whole of moral rules and behaviour. They point out that compliance with ethical rules in scientific publications should be an integral part of scientific progress. They present the frequent breaches of ethical principles which include: changes or trickery in stating own study results to a priori accepted assumptions, their incorrect presentation or in a more positive mode, taking advantages from other authors publications not revealing its source, lack of sufficient knowledge of scientific literature, theft of foreign scientific ideas, plagiarism and auto plagiarism, unfair presentation of authors sequence in publication, omitting of some co-workers, not in conformity with Helsinki Declaration during human investigations, not in conformity with basic care concerning animals subjected to medical experiments.
Animal Welfare↗
[Surgical treatment of idiopathic scoliosis with multisegmental posterior instrumentation and its influence on postoperative spinal balance].
Causes of postoperative spinal imbalance in patients with idiopathic scoliosis treated with multisegmental posterior instrumentation CD or TSRH and posterior fusion are presented. Investigation included 88 patients (77 girls, 11 boys) aged 11.4-17.1 (mean 13.8). Primary curve Cobb angle ranged from 52 (to 133 mean 75), secondary curve 16 (to 88 mean 47). Follow-up ranged from 12 to 19 months (mean 18.2 months). In 31 patients (35.2%) postoperative decompensation of the spine occurred. Six of them regained spinal balance within 12 to 19 months postoperatively. As the magnitude of correction increased in relation to preoperative correctiveness and/or preoperative rotation of the spine the imbalance of the spine was more pronounced. It was worsened also in cases where spontaneous correction within the secondary curve (not instrumented) was lesser than expected. Thoracic curve overcorrection in type II scoliosis with instrumentation inclusive of 1 or 2 vertebrae beyond neutral one resulted in decompensation to the left. To short a fusion (in relation to neutral and stable vertebrae) caused in this type as well as in type II and IV right sided decompensation. Overcorrection of lower (right sided) curve or omission of upper (left sided) curve in type V scoliosis caused shoulder girdle decompensation. In type I lumbar fusion done proximally to neutral and stable vertebrae caused left side decompensation of the spine.
Adolescent↗
[Present views on nonoperative treatment for idiopathic scoliosis].
The authors have presented valid modern procedure principles in nonoperative treatment of idiopathic scoliosis. It was referred to classification based on infantile, juvenile and adolescent scoliosis, discussing in each of them indications and treatment modes. Beside own experiences were cited many important observations of other authors and it was pointed out, that success of nonoperative treatment is variable and is being based on individual experience of many orthopaedic surgeons, and requires critical analysis of their procedure. Long follow up period of children with scoliosis, bracing and precise X-rays evaluation requires not only surgeons patience but also that of treated children and their parents. Arduous and apparently ineffectively treatment enable in many cases avoidance of serious spine surgery.
Adolescent↗
[A historical review of treatment of scoliosis].
The authors present the milestones in therapy of scoliosis since antiquity till today. The arduous work of generations of researchers has allowed to define the difficulties in treating scoliosis and the modes of overcoming them. Although tremendous advances in diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis have been made, the mechanisms responsible for it still remain, unknown.
History, 16th Century↗
[Scoliosis and postural defect].
The authors have analyzed the semasiology of the term scoliosis. Particular attention is given to the fact, that scoliosis is term applied only to a lateral curve of the spine (i.e.a. curve in the frontal plane). This term can be used to define, a state which is free of the structural deformities, that is a postural deformity. The authors also point out the differences in scoliosis occurring as a postural deformity and as a structural deformity.
Humans↗
[Professor Franciszek Raszeja--a centenary of his birthday].
The authors present a concise biography of professor Franciszek Raszeja on the centenary of his birthday. Special attention is given to his scientific and organizational achievements, particularly in regard to the formation of the Orthopaedic Department at the University of Poznań.
History, 20th Century↗
[The most frequent errors during use of the surgical techniques of Cotrela-Dubousset (C-D) and Texas Scottish Rite Hospital (TSRH) for surgical treatment of idiopathic scoliosis].
Results of operative treatment of idiopathic scoliosis in 88 patients (77 girls and 11 boys) with an average follow-up of 18 months have been presented. Basic principles of surgical procedure and most commonly made errors are demonstrated on the basis of authors' experience and data from the literature. The method of strategic vertebrae selection for hook implantation depending on scoliosis type are discussed. Differences in surgical technique in respect to idiopathic lordoscoliosis or kyphoscoliosis have been highlighted.
Child↗
[Terminology of scoliosis].
The most important entries concerning scoliosis have been presented in an alphabetical order. Some definitions, better describing three-planar scoliosis deformity, suggested by Scoliosis Research Society have been included.
Humans↗
[Principles in management of surgical treatment for idiopathic scoliosis using Cotrel-Dubousset and Texas Scottish Rite Hospital instrumentation with consideration for obligatory terminology].
The authors illustrated principles of surgical treatment for idiopathic scoliosis. Methods of vertebrae selection for hooks implantation depending on scoliosis type are discussed. Differences in surgical technique have been highlighted in respect to idiopathic lordosis-scoliosis and kyphoscoliosis.
Equipment Design↗
[Advances in diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic scoliosis in children and adolescents].
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Adolescent↗
[Treatment of idiopathic scoliosis with Texas Scottish Rite Hospital instrumentation (TSRH)--preliminary report].
General principles of construction of TSRH instrumentation and its use for treatment of idiopathic King type III scoliosis have been presented. Surgical technique has been described on the basis of procedure performed in the case of 13 years old girl with primary right sided thoracic adolescent scoliosis.
Adolescent↗
[Autologous blood-derived stem cell transplantation in the treatment of proliferative disorders of the hematopoietic system (I)].
Peripheral blood can be an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells which after autografting are capable of sustaining or completely recovering of lymphopoiesis without the necessity of bone marrow harvesting. Theoretical assumptions conditioning the clinical application of circulating stem cells autotransplantation have been described. The results of experimental studies performed in animals and humans have allowed for closer characterization of these cells. However, the physiological significance of their presence in the peripheral blood still remains unknown.
Animals↗