Effect of ACTH on incorporation of labeled-histidine into tissue proteins in male adult mice.
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Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
Biomedical subjects
A Novak
Publications and source records attributed to A Novak.
Perforation of nasal septum in rheumatic diseases.
Perforation of the nasal septum was noted in 12 patients with rheumatic disease, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). Biopsies were taken from the rim of the perforation in 7 of the 12 and revealed no vasculitis, immunoglobulin deposition, or consistent abnormality. Nasal septal perforation is an occasional finding in rheumatic disease and the cause is unknown.
Adult↗
Properties of partially purified goat kidney beta-D-mannosidase.
Lysosomal beta-D-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.25) was purified 6900-fold from normal goat kidney by serial Concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B and Red A dye ligand affinity chromatography, followed by anion exchange and molecular sieve high performance liquid chromatography. The relative molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated by molecular sieving to be 79,000 +/- 3000. The apparent Km for the synthetic substrate, 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-mannopyranoside, was 2.3-2.8 mM and the sharp, unimodal pH optimum was 5.5. Enzyme activity was inhibited by Hg2+, Zn2+, Ag+, Co2+ and the thiol reactive agent N-ethylmaleimide. The mannose derivatives p-nitrophenyl-beta-D- thiomannopyranoside and p-aminophenyl-beta-D-thiomannopyranoside inhibited enzyme activity and may be of use as immobilized ligands in future attempts to purify beta-D-mannosidase by specific affinity chromatography.
Animals↗
The deliberate inhalation of volatile substances.
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Aerosols↗
Ectrodactyly, soft-tissue syndactyly, and nodulocystic acne: coincidence or association?
We report severe nodulocystic acne in a 21-year-old man associated with ectrodactyly of the right foot and soft-tissue syndactyly of the third and fourth left fingers, and the first to fourth left toes. His acne was resistant to conventional topical (clindamycin phosphate, erythromycin, tretinoin, peeling agents) and systemic (tetracycline, erythromycin) antiacne medications. Moderate improvement was achieved with systemic isotretinoin. Apart from presenting this case, we imply the disparity of the clinical characteristics of our case and those of Apert syndrome, a rare congenital condition with craniofacial anomalies, symmetric syndactyly of the digits, and acneiform eruption. We discuss the possible explanation for the association of acne lesions and bone deformities based on recent reports of mutations of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 in the great majority of patients with this syndrome, as well as current experimental data on the involvement of the keratinocyte growth factor in the process of hair follicle growth, development, and differentiation.
Acne Vulgaris↗
Successful treatment of primary fetal hydrothorax by long-time drainage from week 23. Case report and review of the literature.
We report on a case of unilateral primary fetal hydrothorax leading to nonimmunological fetal hydrops (NIHF). The NIHF was treated successfully by inserting two consecutive intrauterine catheters at 23 weeks gestation. The first catheter was dislocated through the uterine wall to the maternal peritoneal cavity. At 36 weeks gestation, the mother had a spontaneous onset of labor after premature rupture of membranes and a normal vaginal delivery of a healthy infant with good perinatal outcome. Shunting of PFHT has rarely been described up to now. This case report supports observations of previous authors that early shunting of pleural effusions may prevent progression of NIHF as well as postnatal pulmonary hypoplasia. Unexpected perinatal complications of fetus, mother or both should not be neglected.
Adult↗
Small-target random dot stereogram and binocular suppression testing for preschool vision screening.
BACKGROUND: New, small-target (< 1 degree) random dot stereogram (STRDS) and binocular suppression (STBS) tests appropriate for preschool vision screening were developed to correct the shortcomings of previous such tests, particularly missed cases of anisometropic amblyopia such as found with some RDS-based testing. METHODS: In Experiment 1, the tests were administered to 14 patients with current or a recent history of moderate (< or = 20/60) anisometropic amblyopia, or with accommodative esotropia or monofixation syndrome. All subjects had good binocularity (< or = 100" contour stereoacuity). In Experiment 2, the new tests were administered in a screening setting to a group of 112 three- to five-year-olds to determine testability. Visual acuity, cover testing, and photoscreening were administered as control measures. RESULTS: In Experiment 1, eleven of the 14 patients failed both tests. Two anisometropic amblyopes passing one or both tests had an acuity < or = 20/30 in the worse eye and < or = 25" stereoacuity. Three anisometropic amblyopia patients failing the STRDS passed another RDS test with similar disparity but a larger target size, confirming a report34 that anisometropic amblyopes may pass RDS testing with parafoveal stereopsis despite the presence of central suppression. The STRDS and STBS tests indicated 80% and 96% specificity, respectively, with the original methodologies; STRDS specificity increased to 95% with retesting with a different methodology. Administration time was 30 sec to 60 sec per test. CONCLUSION: Small-target RDS or suppression testing may be more effective for strabismus and amblyopia screening of preschoolers than previous RDS test formats.
Adolescent↗
Z/EG, a double reporter mouse line that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein upon Cre-mediated excision.
The Cre/loxP system has become an important tool in designing postintegrational switch mechanisms for transgenes in mice. The power and spectrum of application of this system depends on transgenic mouse lines that provide Cre recombinase activity with a defined cell type-, tissue-, or developmental stage-specificity. We have developed a novel mouse line that acts as a Cre reporter. The mice, designated Z/EG (lacZ/EGFP), express lacZ throughout embryonic development and adult stages. Cre excision, however, removes the lacZ gene, which activates expression of the second reporter, enhanced green fluorescent protein. We have found that the double-reporter Z/EG line is able to indicate the occurrence of Cre excision from early embryonic to adult lineages. The advantage of the Z/EG line is that Cre-mediated excision can be monitored in live samples and that live cells with Cre-mediated excision can be isolated using a single-step FACS. It will be a valuable reagent for the increasing number of investigators taking advantage of the powerful tools provided by the Cre/loxP site-specific recombinase system.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
[Hyperhomocysteinemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases].
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Arteriosclerosis↗
[Action of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) on Walker's 256 carcinosarcoma development].
In order to verify the effects of triiodothyronine (T3) administration in animals bearing Walker tumor, the authors have carried out an experimental study utilizing Wistar rats inoculated with both ascitic and solid Walker tumor, and Balb/c isogenic mice for the study of spreading of macrophages. The animals were treated with T3 20 micrograms/100 g of body weight and the data were analysed by Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. The authors conclude that T3 increases significantly the survival of rats bearing Walker tumor, and the spreading of macrophages when inoculated into the peritoneal cavity of mice. The hormone does not alter the weight of tumor mass. These results could be explained by the macrophageal activation and by the synthesis of the tumor necrosis factor.
Animals↗
Study of interactions between Listeria monocytogenes and experimental tumors.
OBJECTIVE: to verify the effects of Listeria monocytogenes (LM) inoculation in the survival of animals bearing Ehrlich's tumor. KIND OF STUDY: experimental. Animals-isogenic mice, Balb/c, female, 19-21 g. Tumor-Ascitic Ehrlich's tumor, dilution of 5 x 10(5) cells/0.1 ml. Bacteria-LM serotype 4a, solution with 7 x 10(3) bacteria (standard sub-lethal dose). Intervention-a) inoculation of LM in mice bearing Ehrlich tumor at the same time as ascitic cells transplantation. b) inoculation of LM seven days before and, again, seven and fourteen days after ascitic cells transplantation. c) to study the effect of using ampicillin 100 mg/kg, im, simultaneously with the inoculation of Ehrlich tumor and LM organisms and, again, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after the ascitic cells transplantation. ANALYSIS: Chi-square test; p < 0.05 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: LM increases significantly the survival of mice bearing Ehrlich tumor even when only one inoculum of viable LM was used, seven days before or seven days after the ascitic cells transplantation. The use of ampicillin after the inoculation of LM and tumor transplantation does not alter the survival of mice.
Ampicillin↗
[Effect of all-trans retinoic acid on the newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukaemia: our experience].
UNLABELLED: Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) is characterised by the morphology of bias cells (M3), t(15;17) translocation, and coagulopathy combining disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and fibrinolysis. Anthracy cline-cytosine arabinoside (Ara C) intensive chemotherapy yields a complete remission in 50 percent (%) to 80% of newly diagnosed APL patients. Failure to achieve complete remission results in fatal bleeding due to coagulopathy or fatal sepsis during the phase of aplasia. It has been recently shown that all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) selectively differentiates abnormal promyelocytes into mature granulocytes in APL, both in vitro and in vivo, and induced complete remission in 80% to 90% of the newly diagnosed patients. It has also been observed that therapy with ATRA rapidly improved coagulopathy, and induced no aplasia. However, in 30% of patients the treatment with ATRA as a single drug was associated with rapid increase in leukocytes and signs of "ATRA syndrome", which could have fatal outcome. Therefore the European study group initiated in 1991 a multicentre randomised trial comparing chemotherapy with daunorubicin Ara C (chemotherapy group) and ATRA combined to the same chemotherapy (ATRA group) in newly diagnosed APL patients, aged 65 years or less. Results of this study strongly suggest that ATRA should be incorporated in the front line therapy of newly diagnosed APL. The aim of our study was to confirm their results in our newly diagnosed patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In our study we had 15 subsequently hospitalised patients with APL in whom diagnosis was made according to MIC classification, and who were treated with ATRA (Vesanoid-Hoffman La Roche) combined with chemotherapy according to the recommendation of the European study groups. The comparison of the effect of ATRA we has evaluated by the outcome of APL in 12 patients who received only combined chemotherapy in induction phase according to the Yu-AML-89 protocol 12 or 01-AM-86 protocol. Both protocols include daunorubicin and Ara C. In all patients MIC classification was performed. Characteristics of the patients included in the study with special emphasis to symptoms at presentation, are given in Table 1. TREATMENT: Patients treated with ATRA plus chemotherapy received daily oral dose of ATRA 45 mg/m2 until the complete remission, or for a maximum of 90 days. After complete remission they received three courses of daunorubicin 60 mg/m2 for 3 days, and Ara C 200 mg/m2 for 7 days. However, course one was added to ATRA on day one of treatment of initial leukocyte counts were greater than 5 x 10(9)/L or rapidly started to increase to above 6 x 10(9)/L or more. Patients treated with chemotherapy received only in induction phase daunorubicin 45 mg/m2 for 4 days and Ara C 200 mg/m for 7 days as well as the intensive platelet support, heparin, fresh frozen plasma in those with bleeding. During the study haemostasis monitoring was performed in all patients. Complete remission was defined according to the criteria of the European study group. Early death was defined as a death during the therapy with ATRA or chemotherapy due to "ATRA syndrome", bleeding, aplasia, or resistant leukaemia. Statistical analysis was performed according to the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: Relevant haematological and pathobiological characteristics at presentation are shown in Table 2. It can be seen that there were no significant characteristic differences at presentation between ATRA group and chemotherapy group. The effects of the treatment are shown in Table 3. It can be seen that complete remission was achieved in 87% of patients receiving ATRA combined with chemotherapy and only in 42% of patients who received combined chemotherapy. This difference is significant (p < 0.01). Duration of complete remission lasted for 14 months (median) in the patients receiving ATRA while only 5 months (median) in the patients who received combined chemotherapy. Fatal outcome in ATRA group occurred in 13% due to the "ATRA syndrome" and in 58% of the patients treated with combined chemotherapy due to bleeding. Table 4 shows four selected patients from ATRA group in whom complete remission was followed with disappearance of t (15;17), thus providint the evidence of the eradication of clonal abnormalities. It should be emphasised that 2 of 15 patients developed ATRA syndrome during the early phases of the treatment with a feature of cardiorespiratory distress. The therapy with steroid was unsuccessful. Nine of 13 patients in ATRA group had moderate side effects with no necessity to discontinue the therapy. DISCUSSION: Our clinical trial shows for the first time in our county a beneficial effect of ATRA in addition to chemotherapy compared with chemotherapy alone in newly diagnosed APL, thus comfirming the results of the European study group. The only flaw of in our study may come from the fact that the patients included in the study were not randomised and that for the comparison of the ATRA group were used previously treated patients with chemotherapy alone. However, we believe that this flaw has been overcome since uniform diagnostic procedure and particularly MIC classification were performed in all patients. In addition to that, all patients included in the trial were subjected to the analysis of haemostatic status as well as to precise biochemical studies, ECG and abdominal echography. It is interesting to note that in our study, similarity to the European study group, 13% of patients developed "ATRA syndrome". Therefore, it is recommended that further effort should be made in order to prevent this fatal and not yet resolved syndrome.
Adult↗
[Effects of H2 blockers on the spreading of macrophages in vitro].
PURPOSE: To verify if cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine, when inoculated by ip route in mice, do enhance macrophage activation and whether or not such activation is altered with prior use of sodium thioglycolate. KIND OF STUDY: Experimental. ANIMALS: isogenic, Balb/c mice, 19-21 g. INTERVENTION: The authors used 8 groups of 10 animals. The mice were treated by ip route with cimetidine (100 mg/kg), ranitidine (62.5 mg/kg), and famotidine (50 mg/kg), and were compared to a control group (saline). The method of spreading of macrophages was applied twenty-four hours after the inoculation. The same procedure was repeated on a later stage in groups submitted to a prior treatment with sodium thioglycolate (15 mg/kg). EVALUATION: Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney's tests were used. RESULTS: Inoculation of anti-H2 drugs in the peritoneal cavity of mice significantly enhances the spreading of macrophages independently of the presence of a peritoneal irritant.
Animals↗
[Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia with eosinophilia].
We report a patient with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AM) and pathological karyotype: 46 xy/45 xy, -4 der(7), del(14) (q 13), der(16), der(18). One year after the diagnosis of marked eosinophilia, fibrosis of cardiac valves and dermal infiltration of eosinophils were recorded. The course of the disease was long. The patient was alive seven years after the diagnosis. This is a myeloproliferative variant of hypereos-inophilic syndrome.
Eosinophilia↗