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Biomedical subjects

A Nordin

Publications and source records attributed to A Nordin.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Dopexamine improves liver oxygenation during crystalloid resuscitation from experimental hemorrhagic shock.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of dopexamine administration on hemodynamic variables and tissue oxygen tensions during crystalloid resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock. DESIGN: Randomized, control trial. SETTING: An animal laboratory at a university center. SUBJECTS: Twelve piglets, mean weight 22 kg. INTERVENTIONS: The animals were anesthetized and bled to a state of hemorrhagic shock and resuscitated, using a crystalloid solution infused at a rate of approximately 2.6 mL/min/kg (total amount 208 mL/kg). Cardiac output and mean arterial pressure (MAP were measured as indicators of volume filling during the 20- to 30-min resuscitation period and during the follow-up period until 80 mins from the start of resuscitation. Dopexamine was administered by infusion at 6 micrograms/kg-min from the start of volume replacement (dopexamine group, n = 6). The rest of the animals (control group, n = 6) were given volume replacement only. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Systemic oxygen transport variables were calculated. Tissue oxygen tensions were continuously recorded from the liver, conjunctival layer, and via subcutaneous and transcutaneous electrodes in the abdominal region. MAP decreased from 119 +/- 2 (SEM) to 44 +/- 2 mm Hg and cardiac output decreased by 77% during the shock period. During resuscitation, cardiac output was restored in both groups. MAP increased close to the baseline during the early resuscitation period and decreased slowly during follow-up. Oxygen delivery remained at 46% of baseline, whereas systemic oxygen consumption was restored during resuscitation in both groups. Liver tissue oxygen tension increased well above baseline during resuscitation in the dopexamine group, and liver tissue oxygen tension was significantly higher than in the control group. After 60 mins of resuscitation, the liver oxygen tension decreased to control group values. None of the other tissue oxygen tensions showed any differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Dopexamine administration during crystalloid resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock was well tolerated and resulted in significant and specific, although transient, improvement in liver oxygenation.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1996

Validity and reproducibility of transit time flowmetry.

A new intraoperative method for blood flow measurement, ultrasonic transit-time flowmetry, was validated regarding its variation and error of measurement. Both common iliac arteries of five piglets were dissected under inhalation anaesthesia. Three probes, calibrated by the manufacturer, were used. Variability was evaluated by repeated measurements from the native artery and under exsanguination controlled with a withdrawal pump. The errors of measurement were calculated by comparing the flow with the exsanguinated volume by time. For each vessel 34-36 separate exsanguinations were carried out, with flow ranging from 10 to 500 ml/min. The coefficients of variation for the two 5 mm probes measured from the native artery were 3.8% and 4.2%, and 4.5% for the 3 mm probe. With the use of the withdrawal pump the coefficients were 2.5%, 2.2% and 2.1%, respectively. The two 5 mm probes showed a mean error of measurement of 0.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) was -10.4 to 13.25) and -11.4% (95% CI -20.6 to -1.1), while the error for the 3 mm probe was 3.4% (95% CI -18.1 to 14.0). The small variation of all probes indicated a good reproducibility. With accurate calibration of the probes, ultrasonic transit-time flowmetry appears to be a valid and adequate method for clinical use.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Effects of active addition of bacterial cultures in fermented milk to patients with chronic bowel discomfort following irradiation.

Radiotherapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of malignancies in the pelvis. Consequently, there is usually exposure of the intestine and especially the lower colon and rectum, with ensuing disturbances in bowel habits at different times following radiotherapy. The main problem is diarrhoea associated with lactose intolerance, bile salt absorption and fat malabsorption. Bacterial contamination has also been described. In the present study we have evaluated the influence of the active administration of specific bacterial cultures in fermented milk, which inhibit the growth of potentially pathogenic micro-organisms, to 40 consecutive patients with chronic alteration in their bowel habits caused by previous radiotherapy of pelvic malignancies. The results suggest that intake of fermented milk products could be of value in decreasing chronic bowel discomfort following radiotherapy of pelvic malignancies. However, a more extensive study is warranted in order to very the significance of the results and to find the optimal product.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Dopamine infusion during resuscitation of experimental hemorrhagic shock.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of starting dopamine administration early or late on organ perfusion by measuring tissue oxygen tensions during standard volume resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock. DESIGN: Randomized, control trial. SUBJECTS: Thirteen piglets (mean weight, 19 kg). INTERVENTIONS: The animals were bled to a state of hemorrhagic shock and resuscitated using crystalloid solution. Cardiac outputs and mean arterial pressures were measured as indicators of volume filling over a period of 80 mins. Dopamine was administered by infusion at 5 micrograms/kg/min from the start of volume correction (early-dopamine group, n = 7) or after the volume deficit was corrected (late-dopamine group, n = 6). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Blood pressures and cardiac output were measured. Tissue oxygen tensions were continuously recorded in the liver, conjunctiva, and via subcutaneous and transcutaneous electrodes in the abdominal region. Mean arterial pressure decreased from 111 +/- 5 (SEM) to 44 +/- 2 mm Hg with the induction of hemorrhagic shock. Cardiac output decreased by 78% during shock. During resuscitation, mean arterial pressure increased to near baseline values in both groups. Cardiac output recovered completely in the late-dopamine group and almost completely in the early-dopamine group. Liver oxygen tension increased to above baseline during resuscitation in the early-dopamine group. Liver oxygen tension in the early-dopamine group was significantly higher than in the late-dopamine group. Similar changes were observed in subcutaneous and transcutaneous oxygen tensions, but not in conjunctival oxygen tensions. CONCLUSIONS: Starting dopamine administration early during volume resuscitation in a model of experimental hemorrhagic shock led to higher liver, subcutaneous, and transcutaneous tissue oxygen levels. This finding indicates enhanced tissue oxygen perfusion, especially in the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Acute phase reactants and suppressive E-receptor factor in various groups of patients receiving autolymphocyte therapy.

The levels of selected acute phase proteins (APP) and of tumor-associated suppressive E-receptor factor (SER) were determined in sequential serum specimens from (1) cancer patients under treatment with autolymphocyte therapy (ALT) or plasmapheresis, (2) patients with acute infections, (3) patients with autoimmune disorders, and (4) other nonmalignant diseases. The absolute serum levels of APP, including SER, and their patterns of change over time are shown to differ significantly between cancer and non-cancer patients. The absolute levels of APP and the patterns of change over time appear to be useful indicators of immune status and predictors of antitumor response to autolymphocyte (and possibly other anti-cancer) therapy.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗