Biomedical subjects
A Nishio
Publications and source records attributed to A Nishio.
Efficacy of endoscopic hemostatic injection orad to the site of post-sphincterotomy bleeding: anatomic confirmation.
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A low-cost removal technique and clip closure for distally migrated and embedded biliary stents.
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Granular cell tumor of the rectum.
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Endosonographic features of Brunner's gland hamartoma: location within the fourth echolayer?
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Coexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor and p53 protein in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
OBJECTIVE: p53 plays a role in tumor angiogenesis, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role in tumor angiogenesis. The aim of the present study was to clarify how expression of p53 protein participates in angiogenesis, and whether the coexpression of VEGF and p53 protein has a significance for angiogenesis and the clinicopathological features in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS: Tissues samples were taken from 60 patients with esophageal SCC after surgery. The expression of VEGF and p53 protein in these SCC was examined immunohistochemically. Microvessel density (MVD) was determined by counting microvessels in tumor sections stained for Factor VIII-related antigen. Ki-67 labeling index (LI) was calculated, based on Ki-67 antigen immunostaining, as a proliferative marker. Apoptotic index (AI) was calculated, based on the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate biotin nick end labeling, to evaluate apoptosis. RESULTS: VEGF expression was observed in 58.3%, and p53 protein expression was observed in 61.7% of the 60 patients. VEGF and p53 protein were significantly coexpressed in 26 (43.4%). Histological venous invasion (p < 0.01) and distant metastasis (p < 0.05) were significantly correlated with p53 protein expression. The two parameters were more frequently observed in the SCC with VEGF/p53 coexpression than in those without the coexpression. The MVD and Ki-67 LI were significantly higher (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001), and the AI was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the SCC with p53 protein expression than in the SCC without it. The MVD and Ki-67 LI were higher, and the AI was lower in the SCC with VEGF/p53 coexpression than in those without the coexpression. The 5-yr survival rate in patients with the coexpression was poorer than in the other patients. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that mutant p53 expression is associated with angiogenesis and distant metastasis in esophageal SCC, and that the coexpression of p53 and VEGF may play an important role in angiogenesis, and have important clinical significance.
Endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to low concentrations of bradykinin is enhanced by phosphoramidon, bosentan and BQ-123 in bovine coronary arteries in vitro.
An endothelin (ET)-converting enzyme inhibitor phosphoramidon (10 microM), an ET(AB)-receptor antagonist bosentan (10 microM) and an ET(A)-receptor antagonist BQ-123 (1 microM) potentiated endothelium-dependent relaxation of bovine coronary arteries in response to bradykinin (BK) at femtomolar to picomolar concentrations, but not at nanomolar concentrations. BQ-788 (3 microM), an ET(B)-receptor antagonist, showed no significant effects on fM-nM BK-induced relaxation. These results suggest that the endothelium-dependent relaxation of isolated bovine coronary arteries induced by very low concentrations of BK is partly regulated by a complex mechanism involving the ET(A)-receptor antagonism.
Enhanced production of IL-1beta and IL-6 following endotoxin challenge in rats with dietary magnesium deficiency.
Serum IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNFalpha were not detected in control and Mg-deficient rats. These three cytokine levels in serum were increased after endotoxin challenge (1 mg/kg., i.p.), and the increase of IL-1beta and IL-6, but not TNFalpha, was significantly larger in Mg-deficient rats than in controls. Levels of mRNA for IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNFalpha in alveolar macrophages showed a tendency to decrease during Mg deficiency, but the levels of IL-1beta and TNFalpha mRNAs after endotoxin challenge were higher in Mg-deficient rats than in controls. These results suggest that the increased synthesis of cytokines by alveolar macrophages might contribute, in part, to high sensitivity to endotoxin during Mg deficiency.
Pseudotumorous pancreatitis associated with ulcerative colitis.
Pancreatitis is believed to be one of the uncommon extraintestinal manifestations of ulcerative colitis (UC). A 66-year-old woman who had been treated for UC for eight months was admitted to our hospital because of epigastralgia. Laboratory examinations revealed elevated pancreatic enzymes. Because differentiation of pseudotumorous pancreatitis from pancreatic cancer was difficult by the imaging findings, she underwent a distal pancreatectomy. Histologically, the tumorous lesion was composed of fibrosis with lymphocytic infiltration. We concluded that this case was pseudotumorous pancreatitis as an extraintestinal manifestation of UC.
Primitive trigeminal artery variant aneurysm treated with Guglielmi detachable coils--case report.
A 69-year-old woman had suffered from diplopia on right lateral gaze for the last 4 months due to right abducens nerve paresis. Right carotid angiography showed a cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm of 17 x 16 x 14 mm size and a primitive trigeminal artery (PTA) variant supplying the territory of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Intraluminal occlusion of the aneurysm was performed with 15 Guglielmi detachable coils. The flow of the PTA variant and the ICA was preserved. Right abducens nerve paresis improved partially. PTA variant is a primitive artery originating from the cavernous ICA supplying the cerebellum without opacification of the basilar artery. Only four of the 67 cases of PTA variant were associated with an aneurysm of the PTA variant. The possibility of this rare association should be considered when treating cavernous portion aneurysm because of the risk of cerebellar ischemia.
In vivo and in vitro effects of magnesium deficiency on hepatic haptoglobin mRNA levels.
We previously showed that haptoglobin (Hp) was increased in the plasma of dietary magnesium (Mg)-deficient rats. The present study was performed to examine the effects of dietary Mg-deficiency and Mg2+ deficit in culture medium on Hp mRNA levels in liver and isolated hepatocytes, respectively. The Hp mRNA level in the liver increased significantly from day 10 to day 30 in rats on a Mg-deficient diet (Mg; 0.001 per cent). In the cultured hepatocytes, lowering the Mg2+ level in the culture medium from 0.92 mM to 0.46 mM did not affect the Hp mRNA level of hepatocytes. When IL-1beta or IL-6 was added to the culture medium, the Hp mRNA level increased much more in the hepatocytes cultured in low Mg2+ medium (Mg2+; 0.46 mM) than in those cultured in the control Mg2+ medium (Mg2+; 0.92 mM). These results suggest that the increase in plasma Hp level during dietary Mg deficiency depends on the increase in Hp mRNA level in the liver, and that this increase in mRNA is not only directly correlated with a low Mg level in plasma, but also indirectly correlated with cytokines.
Primary biliary cirrhosis: from induction to destruction.
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease that predominantly affects middle-aged women; fatigue and pruritus are the most common symptoms at presentation. Liver function tests are consistent with cholestasis and reveal an elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase with or without elevation of aminotransferase levels. Histologically, PBC is characterized by the destruction of the intrahepatic small bile ducts and subsequently fibrosis. The serological hallmark of the disease is the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies, which are found in 95% of patients with PBC. The antimitochondrial antibodies are directed against the 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase complexes located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. PBC generally slowly progresses, even over decades, and may lead to liver failure. In symptomatic patients, advanced age, elevated serum bilirubin levels, decreased serum albumin levels, and cirrhosis each correlate with shortened survival. Immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs have been used in the treatment of PBC based on the presumed autoimmune pathogenesis, but satisfactory agents leading to complete reversal or cure of the disease are not available. At present ursodeoxycholic acid appears to be the only effective therapy in preventing or delaying the need for liver transplantation and improving survival. However, a number of patients receiving ursodeoxycholic acid still develop progressive disease and require transplantation; transplantation is the only effective therapy at the end stage of the disease.
Characteristic endosonographic features of gastric inflammatory fibroid polyps.
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Did surgical sutures really migrate into colonic polyps?
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[Management strategies for unruptured cerebral aneurysms].
We discussed management strategies for unruptured aneurysms by an analysis of 62 treated and 48 untreated cases. The treated cases were divided into the following two groups; Group A consisted of 38 patients with 46 aneurysms treated during our initial 13 years (7 males, 31 females, 54 +/- 9 years old), and Group B of 24 patients with 32 aneurysms (8 males, females 16, 57 +/- 9 years old) during the last 3 years. In Group A, 36 patients were treated with neck clipping, except for two patients, who had giant aneurysms treated with internal carotid ligation and bypass surgery. All the patients in Group B were treated with either clipping or endovascular coil embolization. Our indications for coil embolization include patients with aneurysms located in paraclinoid internal carotid or basilar arteries, or with multiple aneurysms requiring more than one operation, or with a systemic risky disease for general anesthesia. In group A, 2.6% of cases resulted in death during operation and 10.3% of cases resulted in morbidity, while in group B, there was neither mortality nor morbidity caused by clipping, except for a patient with mild hemiparesis who had been treated with clipping for SAH caused by a procedure of coil embolization. The 50 aneurysms of 48 untreated patients have been observed without any neurosurgical treatment during periods of 6 months to 10 years with a mean of 2 years 7 months. Eventually, four aneurysms resulted in SAH, which cases were treated with emergency clipping or coil embolization. The high rupture rate (3.1% per year) in the natural history may suggest that some aneurysms are more likely to rupture than generally considered. We also reviewed operative findings of all entry clipping cases; more than 80 percent of aneurysms, including those measuring less than 5 mm in diameter, had red colored, thin wall domes with or without bleb. Our conclusion is that surgical indications are for a complementary use of clipping and coil embolization.
Decreased absorption and retention rates of magnesium in the rats fed on spinach-supplemented diets: possible explanations.
We studied the bioavailability of magnesium (Mg) in spinach after boiling with distilled water, using Mg-deficient growing male rats. The rats were fed a semipurified diet (Mg:0.063 per cent (w/w)) for 3 days. then a Mg-deficient diet (Mg:0.001 per cent (w/w)) for 5 days. They were then divided randomly into 7 groups of 6 rats each, and fed the semipurified diet (Mg: 0.063, 0.045 or 0.027 per cent (w/w)), or the spinach-supplemented diet (10 per cent (w/w) dried and powdered spinach after boiling with distilled water for 3 min at 100 degrees C). The Mg content of the diets supplemented with spinach grown on chemical nutrients, and on manure from pigs, cattle and fowl, was 0.069, 0.051, 0.043 and 0.036 per cent (w/w), respectively. Water intake and volumes of urine and faeces were significantly greater in the rats fed the spinach-supplemented diets than in those fed the semipurified diets. Apparent absorption of Mg, and urinary and faecal excretions of Mg were directly related to Mg intake: no significant difference was observed amongst the groups. Both the ratios of Mg absorption and retention were significantly lower in the rats fed diets supplemented with spinach than in those fed semipurified diets. The plasma Mg level was directly related to Mg intake in the rats fed the semipurified diets and the spinach-supplemented diets. However, the plasma Mg level in the rats fed spinach grown organically on manure from fowl tended to be higher than in the other groups. From these results, it was concluded that bound Mg in spinach was effectively utilized by Mg-deficient rats, however, the absorption and retention rates of Mg in rats fed diets supplemented with spinach were decreased. Possible explanations were discussed.
[Mamushi viper venom poisoning accompanied with congestive heart failure and ventricular fibrillation].
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