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Biomedical subjects

A Nikolaou

Publications and source records attributed to A Nikolaou.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Effect of thickness on the sealing ability of some root canal sealers.

A fluid transport model study was used to evaluate the sealing ability of five root canal sealers, AH 26, Sealapex, Ketac Endo, Roth, and Kerr EWT, and a dental bonding agent at thicknesses of 0.05 mm (thin layer) and 0.3 mm (thick layer) with 270 standard human root sections obturated with sealer combined with standard gutta-percha cylinders. AH26 and Sealapex sealed more tightly in thick layers, whereas Ketac Endo, Johnson and Johnson Bonding Agent, Roth, and Kerr EWT sealed more tightly in thin layers. In thin layers J&J Bonding sealed more tightly than any other sealer tested. In thick layers AH 26 and Sealapex sealed more tightly than Ketac Endo and J&J Bonding Agent, and these sealed more tightly than Roth and Kerr EWT. These findings indicate that the thickness of the sealer layer significantly influences the sealing of a root canal filling and that the influence of thickness varies depending on the type of sealer.

Air↗
PubMed1994

Does substitution of surgery with induction chemotherapy preserve organ function in inoperable head and neck cancer? A retrospective analysis of 73 cases.

From August, 1984 until May, 1991, 154 patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer were treated with 3 cycles of platinum-containing induction chemotherapy followed by definitive radiotherapy. Among them, there were 32 patients with cancer of oropharynx or hypopharynx and 41 patients with cancer of larynx, who were treated with this combined approach with the intention of preserving the involved organ. After the completion of chemotherapy 5 (16%) patients with pharyngeal tumors achieved a complete response (CR) and 14 (44%) a partial response (PR). After the completion of radiotherapy the CR rate was increased to 38%. After induction chemotherapy 7 (17%) of the 41 patients with cancer of the larynx achieved a CR and 25 (61%) a PR. The CR rate was tripled (68%) following radiotherapy and salvage surgery. So far, 8 complete responders with pharyngeal and 6 with laryngeal tumors relapsed mainly locoregionally. With a minimum follow-up of 22 months, median time to progression was 8 months for patients with cancer of the pharynx and 13 months for patients with cancer of the larynx. Median survival for these two groups of patients was 13 and 24 months respectively. In patients with locally advanced cancer of the oropharynx, hypopharynx or larynx induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy may delay in many or even omit in a few patients the necessity of radical surgery without compromising survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Supraglottic laryngectomy: experience with 66 patients over 20 years.

We reviewed the records of 66 consecutive patients with previously untreated supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma who underwent a supraglottic laryngectomy in our department between 1970 and 1989. There were 23 T1, 30 T2 and 13 T3 cases. Eight patients had neck metastases and underwent neck dissection also. Twenty-four (36 per cent) patients received post-operative radiotherapy. Two-year and five-year survival rates were 88.9 per cent and 82.2 per cent respectively. When the survival rates of the patients with T1, T2 and T3 lesions were calculated separately and compared with each other the differences were not statistically significant. Recurrences, post-operative complications, time to progression and indications for supraglottic laryngectomy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

An unusual case of sphenoid sinus mucocele with severe intracranial extension.

We present an unusual case of sphenoid sinus mucocele with severe intracranial extension, which was diagnosed and treated at the AHEPA General Hospital, University of Thessaloniki, Greece. The patient was a 54-year-old female who presented with endocrine, nasal and ophthalmological symptoms, and headache. She was successfully treated by surgery using an intranasal approach. While presenting this case, we briefly review the literature on the subject of sphenoid sinus mucoceles.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Vertical partial laryngectomy: our results after treating 81 cases of T2 and T3 laryngeal carcinomas.

From 1976 to 1989, 81 patients with T2 and T3 laryngeal carcinomas were treated with vertical patrial laryngectomy at the University ENT Department of Thessaloniki, Greece. All patients were male with a median age of 56 years (33-71 years). Four patients had N1 lymph nodes. Ten patients received post-operative radiotherapy. Seventeen patients developed local recurrences or distant metastases. Mean follow-up was more than seven years. Absolute three-year survival was 94.6 per cent for 74 patients and absolute five-year survival was 89.6 per cent for 58 patients. Actuarial five-year survival of the whole group of 81 patients was 91 per cent calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Recurrence rate and survival of stage II and III patients are also discussed and compared using the log-rank test. We conclude that vertical partial laryngectomy is a very successful treatment selection for T2 glottic and false vocal cord carcinomas and for some selected T3 glottic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Ossiculoplasty with the use of autografts and synthetic prosthetic materials: a comparison of results in 165 cases.

One hundred and sixty-five cases of different kind of ossiculoplasty in patients suffering from chronic middle ear disease were performed at the ENT department of Papanikolaou Hospital in Thessaloniki, Greece, during the years 1988-1990. There were 40 cases of incus transposition, 47 cases in which polyethylene TORPs and PORPs were used and 77 cases of hydroxylapatite prostheses (41 TORPs and 37 double notch PORPs). Hearing success was defined as a post-operative air-bone gap of < 20 dB. According to this criterion 74 per cent of the incus transposition cases were successful, 61 per cent of the polyethylene TORPs, 65 per cent of the hydroxylapatite TORPs, 40 per cent of the polyethylene TORPs, and 89 per cent of the double notch hydroxylapatite PORPs. It is obvious that ceramic PORPs produced the best results, while there was no statistical difference, regarding the hearing improvement, among the different kinds of TORPs which were used. Extrusion rate and other kinds of complications are also discussed, as well as a case of severely damaged ceramic TORP, within two years due to middle ear infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Laryngeal preservation in cases of advanced laryngeal cancer treated with platinum based induction chemotherapy before local treatment.

In this study we analyse our preliminary results after treating 28 patients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer with platinum based induction chemotherapy followed by radiation therapy or surgery. The median age of our patients was 60 (46-75) years and median performance status was 80 (60-100). In 18 of the 28 patients locoregional treatment was radiation therapy with an overall response of 94.4 per cent. After a median follow-up of 26 (15-40) months 39.3 per cent of the whole group of patients are alive and disease-free and six (21.4 per cent) patients are alive and disease-free preserving their larynx. We conclude that although more extensive studies with large groups of patients and longer follow-up is needed to reach definite conclusions, it seems that platinum based induction chemotherapy can be used successfully in locally advanced laryngeal cancer followed by radiotherapy. In those cases who respond well, the patient's larynx is preserved without compromizing the overall survival.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Our experience in the surgical treatment of T1 carcinoma of the vocal cord.

From 1971 to 1986, 94 patients suffering from T1 glottic carcinoma underwent cordectomy at the University ENT Clinic of Thessaloniki, Greece. There were five female and 89 male patients with a median age of 61.7 years. Two year survival rate was 93.7 per cent; five year survival rate was 93.2 per cent. Seventeen of the patients suffered recurrence, but 11 of them after laryngectomy or radiotherapy are alive with no sign of the disease. Tracheostomy was not performed in the majority of our cases. The relationship between the site of recurrence and survival as well as the role of radiotherapy before and after cordectomy in some of our patients are discussed. We believe that despite the good results of radiotherapy in T1 carcinoma of the vocal cord and the introduction of other treatment modalities such as CO2 laser, cordectomy by laryngofissure is still of value with very good survival results and minimal discomfort for the patient.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiation and concurrent carboplatin administration in locally advanced head and neck cancer. A Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group Study.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: To improve local control in patients with locally advanced inoperable head and neck cancer we administered carboplatin concurrently with radiation. METHODS: Thirty-nine patients entered the study. There were 35 men and 4 women with a median age of 58 years (range, 24-74) and a median performance status of 90 (range, 60-100) of the Karnofsky scale. The primary site included nasopharynx (5 patients), oropharynx (n = 10), hypopharynx (n = 5), larynx (n = 12), oral cavity (n = 2), paranasal sinuses (n = 3), salivary glands (n = 1) and unknown (n = 1). Histology was squamous cell carcinoma in all cases. All patients were irradiated with a 60Co unit. According to the protocol, they should receive 66-70 Gy to the tumor area and 45 Gy to the tumor-free area of the neck. Carboplatin was administered at a dose of 400 mg/m2 on days 2, 22 and 42. RESULTS: Totally, 112 cycles of carboplatin were administered, of which 106 (95%) were at full dose. Median dose intensity of carboplatin actually delivered was 170 mg/m2/week (range, 57-200). All patients were irradiated, although only 30 (77%) received > 66 Gy. After the completion of combined treatment, 23 (59%, 95% C.I. 42-74%) achieved a CR and 10 (26%, 95% C.I. 13-42%) a PR. Grade 3-4 myelotoxicity was noticed in 60% of the patients. Other grade 3-4 toxicities included stomatitis (13%), dysphagia (5%) and weight loss (3%). Median time to progression was 18 months (range, 2-25). CONCLUSIONS: Radiation and concurrent administration of carboplatin determined a high CR rate in patients with HNC, although the superiority of this combined modality approach over radiation alone has to be proven in phase III trials.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accelerated bifractionated radiation with concurrent cisplatin administration in locally advanced head and neck cancer: a feasibility study.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: To test the feasibility of accelerated interrupted twice-daily radiation and concurrent cisplatin administration in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nineteen patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer were treated with accelerated bifractionated radiation with concurrent administration of cisplatin. There were 18 men and 1 female with a median age of 60 years (range, 17-71) and median performance status of 90 (range, 80-100). Sixteen patients (85%) presented with stage IV disease. Primary site included the nasopharynx (n = 7), oropharynx (n = 5), hypopharynx (n = 1) and larynx (n = 6). Radiation consisted of two fractions of 1.6 Gy each daily, five times weekly to a total dose of 64 Gy. Cisplatin was administered at a dose of 100 mg/m2 on days 2 and 28 of the treatment period. RESULTS: Nine patients achieved a complete response (47%; 95% Cl, 25%-70%) and 5 a partial response (26%; 95% Cl, 7%-46%). Grade III-IV toxicity included leukopenia (16%), mucositis (26%), dry mouth (5%), weight loss (16%) and infection (5%). After a median follow-up of 27.11 months (range, 1-33 +), 9 patients have died. Median time to progression was 11 months (range, 1-32 +) and median survival 25 months (range, 1-32 +). CONCLUSIONS: Accelerated twice-daily radiation with concurrent cisplatin is effective in locally advanced head and neck cancer and can be safely given with manageable toxicity.

Adolescent↗