Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Nielsen.
Platelet lipid peroxidation was studied in normal controls, subjects with epilepsy and patients with the Spielmeyer-Vogt-Batten syndrome. The results showed wide intra- and inter-individual variation, particulary in the latter group. The mean value in Spielmeyer-Vogt-Batten syndrome was not significantly higher than the mean values for the other two groups.
An attempt has been made to assess the carcinogenic effect of arsenic intake by analyzing a group of patients who were treated with arsenic for various skin diseases in the 1930s. When compared with the expected incidence of malignant internal neoplasms, based on figures obtained from the Danish Cancer Registry, a significant increase in the incidence of internal malignant neoplasms was observed in females with multiple basal cell carcinomas. A group comprising 53 patients with arsenic keratoses presented a considerable increase in the incidence of internal malignant neoplasms. However, these patients were so specifically selected that no regular statistical analysis can be made of this group. It may be said that arsenic has a carcinogenic effect even in the relatively small doses applied in dermatological therapy.
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The purpose of the investigation presented was to study whether the lymphocytes from patients with Spielmeyer-Vogt-Batten's syndrome deviate from normal with respect to acid phosphatase activity. The distribution of the activity seems to show that the patients with Spielmeyer-Vogt-Batten's syndrome can be divided into two groups, viz. one in which the values are concentrated around the normal level, and another with increased values.
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Case histories were studied of 286 patients treated for mandibular fractures by the Department of Plastic Surgery in conjunction with the Dental Department at Odense University Hospital between 1964 and 1973. 46.5% of the patients were aged 18-30 years; and 73.4% were male. Mandibular fractures associated with mid-face fractures were most frequently caused by traffic accidents (81%). When the mandible alone was fractured traffic accidents accounted for 50%, while assaults were responsible for 20%. Accidents at work only occurred among the men. Of the 487 mandibular fractures the most frequent site was the condylar process (36%) where half of the fractures in women were localized. Assaults most frequently caused fracture of the angle of the mandible; while falls were most frequently responsible for fracture of the condylar process. The fracture distribution in dentulous and edentulous mandibles differed despite the aetiology being the same.
During the period 1964-73, 286 patients were treated for mandibular fractures. 229 patients (80%) attended the follow-up examination. The length of observation was from 1 to 9 years. The treatment and the follow-up evaluations in the 229 patients are described. Early fracture treatment has been the objective, also in patients who have undergone severe cerebral traumas. Antibiotic prophylaxis was implemented in cases of compound fractures. Preservation of teeth and tooth buds in the line of fracture was attempted. Clinical infection occurred in 0.4% of the patients. At the follow-up examination 1 patient presented with a fracture displacement outside the condylar process. Neither malocclusion nor pseudarthrosis following fracture or after treatment were seen. Permanent sensory disturbances in the innervation area of the mental nerve following fracture occurred in 8%. Radiological examination of the teeth in the line of fracture revealed unnoticed apical bone lesions in 17% of 118 patients. In a further 23% there was a negative response to the vitality test. Follow-up control of mandibular fractures is advised at 12 to 18 months after treatment.
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One hundred ninety-six patients with multiple basal cell carcinoma were studied to clarify the relationship between multiple basal cell carcinoma and internal malignant neoplasms. No substantial deviations between the expected number and the observed number of cases of internal malignant neoplasms were found. On examination of patients who had histories of arsenic intake, a markedly high number of internal tumors were found in women but not in men. The figures are too low to prove that arsenic treatment can cause an increase in the incidence of internal malignant neoplasm, but they do indicate that more comprehensive studies are needed.
The causes of death in 130 patients with Down's Syndrome and mortality rates from a material of 524 patients were tabulated; a life-table for the ages over 5 years was constructed. An overall death rate of 5-7 times the general population rate was found. No sex difference was observed. The excess mortality was expecially high for heart disease and respiratory disease. Also infectious diseases, others than pneumonia and tuberculosis, showed high mortality rates.