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A Nanni Costa

Publications and source records attributed to A Nanni Costa.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[The kidney in shock. A new experimental method for the induction of controlled shock. I].

In this research we identify a new experimental model to study the shock-kidney, since this complication occurs with discreet frequency during high surgery operation. The model that better reproduce the surgical shock-kidney is the controlled hypovolemic shock. We used for this experiment five pigs of weight between 40 and 50 kg and were studied the following data: Ecg, arterial pressure, central venous pressure, diuresis (by incannulation of both ureters), renal arterial flow, levels of the renin in the renal vein. The measurements were made before, during and after the shock. The hypovolemic shock was induced by removing from carotid artery a sufficient quantity of blood to bring the pressure to 45-50 mmHg. This pressure level was kept constant for 120 min and then was reported to normal level by introducing the blood previously removed. During the experiment no kind of drugs were used.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Short-term thoracic duct drainage in drug resistant immunologically mediated glomerulonephritis. Evaluation of lymph and blood lymphocyte characteristics during drainage.

Thoracic duct drainage has so far been employed in clinical nephrology mainly in renal transplantation and in immunologically mediated glomerulonephritis. The effectiveness of duct drainage in producing immunosuppression has been widely demonstrated, and several authors have used long-term, and others short-term drainage. 12 patients suffering from drug resistant immunologically mediated glomerulonephritis were treated with short-term (mean 10 days) thoracic duct drainage. In order to define the time, type and evolution of changes in immunological status, humoral and cellular immunity were studied daily in all patients. Marked changes (mainly in the number of lymphocytes drained and in their nucleic acid content and E-rosette forming capacity) take place in the first (4-5) days of drainage. These findings, together with positive clinical and laboratory results obtained in our patients, suggest that satisfactory immunosuppression may be achieved by short-term drainage, which is simpler and safer than long-term drainage. The procedure might thus be extended to a wider number of immunological diseases where drug therapy fails to take effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effect of plasma exchange and thoracic duct drainage on immunological status in glomerulonephritis.

The effect of thoracic duct drainage (16 patients treated) and plasmapheresis (15 cases) on immunological status has been studied in patients suffering from immunological glomerular disease. Lymph drainage proved to affect mostly cellular immunity. Besides a marked reduction in peripheral lymphocyte count and changes in behaviour of E(T-RFC) and E(A-RFC), different functional behaviour was observed in lymphocytes from drainage and blood lymphocytes after mitogen stimulation. Plasmapheresis was associated with changes mainly in humoral parameters, i.e. rapid disappearance of circulating immune complexes. Some increased T suppressor activity was also documented in patients with active lupus nephritis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Kidney transplantation in Italy: an evolving scenario].

BACKGROUND: Italian transplantation systems have dramatically improved in the last decade. Kidney transplantations are now strictly monitored and excellent results has been achieved in terms of quality and the ability to reduce waiting times for receiving transplantation. METHODS: The Italian organizational retrieval and transplant system is articulated on four levels: local, regional, inter-regional and national. The Italian Transplant Information System (SIT) was set up in 2000 in accordance with Law 91/99. Patient data on the waiting lists and follow-up of transplanted patients are routinely collected. RESULTS: A total of 4406 kidney transplants have been carried out in the 40 Italian kidney transplant centers in 2001-2003. The survival analysis was conducted for the 2000-2002 in 4222 cases. Overall 1-yr survival was 92.4% for the graft and 97% for the patients. After adjusting for variables independently associated with the outcome at multivariate analysis (for example, the case-mix), patient and graft survival at 1 yr was 98.1% and 93.8%, respectively. No remarkable differences in 1-yr graft survival were observed between the 40 Italian kidney transplant centers. At multivariate analysis, variables independently associated with graft failure were donor age, degree of HLA mismatch and recipient case-mix. Analysis of the waiting list showed approximately 6500 patients waiting for kidney transplantation. The mean waiting time was 3.04 yrs, with a mortality rate of 1.18% per year. CONCLUSIONS: Kidney transplantation activity in Italy has produced excellent results in terms of quality and number of transplants per year. However, the number of patients on the waiting list and the waiting time call for further action to increase the number of available organs.

Humans↗