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Biomedical subjects

A Nakajima

Publications and source records attributed to A Nakajima.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A nationwide survey on the occurrence of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in Japan.

A nationwide survey was carried out to estimate the frequency and distribution of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in Japan. A questionnaire was mailed to the Departments of Ophthalmology in hospitals with 200 or more beds. Responses were received from 489 out of 1,077 institutions, or 45.5%. The annual prevalence was estimated to be 15.5 per million and the incidence was 6.5 per million, based on the number of reported cases and the response rate per prefecture. It was estimated that 1,800 patients were treated for this disease annually and that there were about 800 new cases each year. Geographical distribution showed no special characteristics such as those seen with Behçet's disease. The results of the analysis of 1,833 reported cases showed that females were slightly more often affected than males. For both male and female patients, the age distribution on the first visit showed a peak in the fifth decade and a median age of 42.3 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[A nation-wide survey on the occurrence of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in Japan].

A nation-wide survey was performed to estimate the frequency and distribution of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's disease (Harada's disease hereinafter). A questionnaire was mailed to the departments of ophthalmology in hospitals with at least 200 beds. The response rate was 489 out of 1,077 institutions, or 45.4%. The annual prevalence was estimated to be 15.5 per million and the incidence was 6.5 per million, based on the number of reported cases and the response rate per prefecture. It was estimated that 1,800 patients were treated for this disease annually and that there were about 800 new cases. Geographical distribution showed no special characteristics such as these seen with Behçet's disease. The results of the analysis of 1,833 cases showed that females were slightly more affected than males, with an age distribution on first visit which showed a peak in the fourth decade and with the median age being 42.3 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Uptake and recovery of gold by immobilized persimmon tannin.

Some attempts were made to recover gold from aqueous systems using immobilized persimmon tannin. This adsorbent adsorbed gold from solutions containing hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) with high efficiency, whereas there was minimal adsorption from solutions containing gold(I) sodium thiomalate and sodium dicyanoaurate(I). The adsorption of gold was rapid, and was affected by the pH of the solution, temperature, external gold concentration and amount of adsorbent. Adsorbed gold was easily desorbed with 1 mol dm-3 thiourea solution, indicating that immobilized persimmon tannin can be repeatedly re-used for the recovery of gold using adsorption-desorption cycles.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1993

Magnetic resonance imaging angiography in a case of eclampsia.

We experienced a typical case of eclampsia. After the onset of eclampsia, we performed magnetic resonance imaging angiography (MRI angiography) to estimate the function of the cerebral artery. MRI angiography showed that spasm occurred in many cerebral arteries. The spasm was still observed in some arteries 13 day after the onset of eclampsia. Vasospasm of eclampsia was clearly, easily and noninvasively confirmed in this case by MRI angiography. This observation suggests that MRI angiography is very useful and informative for diagnosis and in treatment of eclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cell-attachment activities of surface immobilized oligopeptides RGD, RGDS, RGDV, RGDT, and YIGSR toward five cell lines.

Tetrapeptides, Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS), Arg-Gly-Asp-Val (RGDV), and Arg-Gly-Asp-Thr (RGDT), respectively, appearing in the cell-attachment domains of fibronectin, vitronectin, and collagen, and pentapeptide Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) appearing in B1 chain of laminin, were synthesized by liquid-phase procedure. Bioactivities of RGD, RGDX (X = S, V and T), YIGSR, and YIGSR-NH2 as cell recognition determinants were investigated by cell-attachment test using these oligopeptides immobilized to ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer (PEA) film. The cell lines used were A431, NRK, CHO-K1, HeLa.S3, and RLC-16 cells. It was found that the residue X in RGDX plays an important role for cell-attachment activity of RGDX, and, regarding YIGSR, introduction of NH2 residue at the C-terminal of the pentapeptide enhances the cell-attachment activity.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1993

Finite element model of facial soft tissue. Effects of thickness and stiffness on changes following simulation of orthognathic surgery.

A study was conducted to investigate the influence of the thickness and stiffness of soft tissue on changes following orthognathic surgery. The finite element method was used to simulate surgery. Three finite element models with normal thickness and stiffness, twice the thickness and twice the stiffness were made in preparation for the simulation. The thickness of soft tissue had more effect than stiffness on posterior and vertical changes.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1993

Relationships of condylar path angle with malocclusion and temporomandibular joint disturbances.

A study was conducted to investigate the condylar path angle in relation to Angle's classification, amount of overbite and subjective symptoms. The condylar path angle in Angle's Class I group was similar to that in the Class II group. The angle in the Class III group was smaller than in the other two classes. A tendency for the angle to decrease as the amount of overbite became smaller was observed. The angle in the symptom group was slightly smaller than in the no-symptom group.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Brain protection against ischemic injury by nizofenone.

Ischemic brain injury is induced in a complex and multifactorial pathogenic cascade; but the fundamental mechanism is the imbalance between energy demand and supply in ischemic brain tissue. Nizofenone is a potent neuroprotective drug which ameliorates this imbalance and also various pathophysiologic events during ischemia, such as ATP depletion, lactate accumulation, glutamate release, free fatty acid liberation, edema, and neuronal degeneration; in particular, ischemia-induced excessive glutamate release has been completely blocked by this drug. This drug has also radical-scavenging action, comparable to vitamin E, and inhibits oxygen radical-induced lipid peroxidation. The potent cerebroprotective effect of nizofenone has been demonstrated in various experimental models of cerebral hypoxia, ischemia (focal and global), ischemia-reperfusion, and infarction. The clinical efficacy of nizofenone has been proved by pioneering double-blind studies in acute subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. Nizofenone is clinically used for preventing the delayed ischemic neurologic deficits due to late vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. In this report, the property of the cerebroprotective effect and the clinical efficacy of nizofenone is reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Protective effect of a selective endothelin receptor antagonist, BQ-123, in ischemic acute renal failure in rats.

To elucidate the pathophysiological role of endogenous endothelin (ET), we examined the effects of the newly synthesized ETA receptor-selective antagonist, BQ-123, on ischemic acute renal failure induced by bilateral clamping of renal artery and vein followed by reperfusion in rats. BQ-123, when given by i.v. infusion of 0.5 mg/kg per min for 2.5 h during the pre- and post-ischemic period, was found to prevent the decrease in creatinine clearance and increases in blood urea nitrogen, plasma creatinine and the fractional excretion of sodium. Morphological observation also showed an effect of BQ-123, i.e. prevention of proximal tubular (S3 segment) necrosis. At 2 h after the start of reperfusion, the ET-1 content in the kidney increased to its maximal level. At this time, the Ca2+ content in the mitochondrial fraction of the renal cortex increased, with a concomitant increase in blood urea nitrogen. However, these increases were limited by treatment with BQ-123. Thus, BQ-123 was effective to both prevent mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation in the early phase of ischemic acute renal failure and protect proximal tubular cells from post-ischemic degeneration. We conclude that ET may be at least partially involved in the pathogenesis of tubular cell injury in this acute renal failure model.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1992

Diode laser iridotomy in rabbit and human eyes.

We investigated the use of an infrared diode laser to perform iridotomies in 20 eyes of ten rabbits and 40 eyes of 24 patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma. We used a two-stage method with initial circular stretch burns and subsequent penetrating multiple burns. The iris was perforated in one session and remained patent through ten months in rabbits, and seven to nine months in humans. Transitory clinical complications included intraocular pressure increase of more than 10 mm Hg (20%, eight of 40 eyes), corneal endothelial changes (5%, two of 40 eyes), clouding of lens surface (60%, 24 of 40 eyes), localized cataract (5%, two of 40 eyes), and pupillary distortion (70%, 28 of 40 eyes). No retinal damage was observed. Diode laser can be used for peripheral iridotomy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Vibrio cholerae non-O1 isolated from ayu fish (Plecoglossus altivelis) in Japan.

A fish pathogen, Vibrio cholerae non-O1, was isolated from diseased ayu fish (Plecoglossus altivelis) collected from rivers in eight prefectural districts of Japan. This organism was found to have biochemical characteristics similar to those of V. cholerae non-O1, except that our isolates were negative for ornithine decarboxylase. Antiserum against an ayu isolate did not agglutinate with the majority of environmental V. cholerae non-O1 isolates, but a major O antigen was common among the ayu isolates. All strains were hemolytic to sheep erythrocytes, and oral administration of culture supernatants induced fluid accumulation in suckling mice. However, the crude toxin was not lethal to adult mice, and no cholera toxin-like enterotoxins were detected.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1992

The use of bovine anti-PMSG serum in beef cattle after PMSG-superovulation.

Thirteen beef cows were superovulated using 4,000 i.u. of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) on days 9 to 14 of the estrous cycle, followed by two injections of 500 micrograms prostaglandin F2 alpha analogue (PGF2 alpha) 48 and 55 hrs later. Seven of them were injected intramuscularly with bovine anti-PMSG serum 12 hrs after the first signs of estrus. The remaining 6 cows were served as controls and received no antiserum. Peripheral blood concentrations of progesterone (P) and estradiol-17 beta (E2) were compared in relation to the superovulatory responses. The injection of anti-PMSG serum did not significantly affect the numbers of the corpora lutea (CL), the anovulatory follicles and the transferable embryos at 7 to 8 days after superovulatory estrus, but increased the ratio of embryos classified as excellent or good quality. Although the plasma P concentration showed no significant differences between the anti-PMSG-treated and control cows, the plasma E2 concentration displayed a characteristic difference, suppressing the second E2 peak in the anti-PMSG-treated cows. It is concluded that the use of bovine anti-PMSG serum for PMSG/PGF2 alpha-treated cows at 12 hrs after the beginning of the estrus improves the quality of embryos recovered, probably due to inhibition of high estrogenic environment following ovulation.

Animals↗