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Biomedical subjects

A Nagy

Publications and source records attributed to A Nagy.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Ultrasonic examination of the penis].

Authors describe their experiences with penile ultrasonography. US was very useful in diagnostics of urethral strictures, urethral stones, Peyronie's plaques and for control of corpora cavernosa during papaverine induced erection. Application of ultrasonography for such purposes is very rare as yet, and the international literature referring to this is not very numerous either. According to authors' knowledge, this is the first paper in Hungarian dealing with this topic.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

Embryonic stem cells alone are able to support fetal development in the mouse.

The developmental potential of embryonic stem (ES) cells versus 3.5 day inner cell mass (ICM) was compared after aggregation with normal diploid embryos and with developmentally compromised tetraploid embryos. ES cells were capable of colonizing somatic tissues in diploid aggregation chimeras but less efficiently than ICMs of the same genotype. When ICM in equilibrium with tetraploid and ES in equilibrium with tetraploid chimeras were made, the newborns were almost all completely ICM- or ES-derived, as judged by GPI isozyme analysis, but tetraploid cells were found in the yolk sac endoderm and trophectoderm lineage. Investigation of ES contribution in 13.5 day ES in equilibrium with tetraploid chimeras by DNA in situ hybridization confirmed the complete tetraploid origin of the placenta (except the fetal blood and blood vessels) and the yolk sac endoderm. However, the yolk sac mesoderm, amnion and fetus contained only ES-derived cells. ES-derived newborns failed to survive after birth, although they had normal birthweight and anatomically they appeared normal. This phenomenon remains unexplained at the moment. The present results prove that ES cells are able to support complete fetal development, resulting in ES-derived newborns, and suggest a useful route for studying the development of genetically manipulated ES cells in all fetal lineages.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical significance of chromosome number deviations in myelodysplastic syndromes and in acute non-lymphoid leukemia].

The cytogenetic data of 77 patients (47 adults and 30 children) with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute non-lymphoid leukemia are evaluated with regard to the morphological types of leukemia and prognosis. The groups of the adult patients were found to be different in the frequency and types of non-random chromosome aberrations. In patients with secondary leukemias and mutagen-related leukemias the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities was higher than in those with the idiopathic form of the disease. Specific abnormalities were total or partial loss of chromosome 5 and/or 7, and an additional chromosome 8. In contradistinction to these the patients with primary leukemias had specific translocations associated with pseudodiploidy. We found the frequency of aberrations in adults exposed to mutagen agents similar to that in children with ANLL, but the types of aberrations were similar to those of adults without any exposition. Comparing the median duration of remission and survival of patients' groups with different cytogenetic findings we found the chromosome aberrations to be of prognostic value. The present data demonstrate the usefullness of cytogenetic investigations in the diagnosis of the disease and in morphological and etiological classification of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Further data to the aetiology, pathogenesis and therapy of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis.

Out of a total of 224 bovine eye secretions, 126 Moraxella bovis and 64 Neisseria ovis strains were isolated. The pathogenesis and histological lesions caused by Neisseria ovis have been studied on the eyes of three calves naturally affected with IBK, using electron microscopy. Neisseria ovis caused in 1-12 weeks old calves acute, transient and mostly benign serous conjunctivitis with only slight affection of the cornea. More rarely erosions and even ulceration of the cornea have been observed. Moraxella bovis and Neisseria ovis strains proved nearly unanimously sensitive in vitro to chloramphenicol, neomycin, oxytetracyclin, nitrofurantoin, erythromycin and cefoperazone. Other antibiotics and chemotherapeutics inhibited the growth of these agents only partly or were ineffective. Experimental therapy has been carried out using a single i.m. injection of Terramycin/LA inj. (Pfizer) in a dose of 20 mg/kg body mass, repeated if necessary after 72-96 h. This formulation proved more effective and practical than treatments used earlier.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Moclobemide and clomipramine in endogenous depression. A randomized clinical trial.

The purpose of this study was to compare moclobemide and clomipramine in endogenous depression according to the Newcastle II classification. Sixty-two patients were allocated to either 300 mg moclobemide or 150 mg clomipramine, both given in 3 daily doses. Improvements occurred over time but differences between treatments were never statistically significant. Dizziness, tremor and anticholinergic symptoms were significantly more frequent with clomipramine.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Postnatal development of parthenogenetic in equilibrium with fertilized mouse aggregation chimeras.

Chimeras were made from parthenogenetic and fertilized cleavage-stage mouse embryos. The perinatal mortality was high. The parthenogenetic contributions to different tissues at birth ranged from 0 to 50%. No selection of parthenogenetic cells was observed in the pigmentation of the coat, but this does not exclude that such selection could act in other tissues. The weight of chimeras at birth negatively correlated to the average contribution of the parthenogenetic part. The growth rate of chimeras was lower than that of nonchimeric animals. The data presented demonstrated that, although parthenogenetic cells are not cell lethals and they can participate to some degree in normal development of most tissues, their extensive presence reduces the viability of chimeras and retards the postnatal development.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Systematic non-uniform distribution of parthenogenetic cells in adult mouse chimaeras.

Even though pure parthenogenetic mouse embryos die shortly after implantation, their cells are capable of participating in normal development of chimaeras when aggregated with fertilized embryos. Here we present data on parthenogenetic contribution to the oocyte populations measured by progeny tests in female chimaeras, and on distribution of parthenogenetic cells among the different organs by GPI typing. Systematic uneven distribution was detected. The highest level of participation was registered in the tissues of permanent cells (e.g. up to 63% in female germline). On the other hand, parthenogenetic cells were absent in several tissues that have extensive capacity for postnatal growth or selfrenewal. This finding suggests that uneven selective processes operate against parthenogenetic cells within certain differentiation pathways during fetal and postnatal life, as has already been observed in the development of extraembryonal membranes. It is likely that more than one mechanism is responsible for these selections. Parthenogenetic cells may start to differentiate in all cell lineages, but they are not able to react normally at certain points in the developmental pathway, for example to induction signals and, therefore, the cells fail to complete the normal processes of development, or to the proliferation requirement so that the fertilized counterpart gradually takes over the cell lineage. Paternally derived gene(s) might have a unique role in the development of tissues lacking parthenogenetic contribution.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

In vitro evaluation of protein degradability in the rumen and digestibility of undegraded protein.

A three-phase laboratory procedure suitable for predicting protein degradability in the rumen and digestibility of undegraded protein is reported. In the first phase the feed was incubated with starch and buffered rumen fluid. In the incubation mixture the viability of protease-active bacteria was checked by anaerobic culturing, whereas changes in protease activity were monitored by azocasein degradation. In the second and third phase rumen undegradable protein (UDP) was digested with pepsin and pancreatin, respectively. The measurements showed that 63.2, 5.2 and 4.7% of the crude protein of green lucerne was decomposed by rumen fluid, pepsin and pancreatin, respectively. Degradability of the crude protein of extracted sunflower meal was 68.3, 17.7 and 5.5% in the three phases, respectively. Repeated determination yielded crude protein degradabilities of 66.7, 27.1 and 5.1% for the three phases, respectively.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1989

Intensive treatment and prognosis of patients with sepsis of gynaecological origin.

The treatment of 16 patients with severe sepsis of gynaecological origin admitted to the Institute of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy of Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical University, Szeged between 1980 and 1985 is reported. According to the scoring system described by Elebute and Stoner, based on the clinical and laboratory findings typical of the septic state, efforts have been made to assess the severity of sepsis and to give prognostic sings for the chances of survival. The species and incidence of pathogenic agents isolated from different discharges of the patients are also reported. As a result of the complex intensive care only 3 died of the 16 female patients with severe sepsis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The attrition of deciduous teeth].

The aim of the present investigation was to study tooth wear in extracted primary teeth. Altogether 992 deciduous teeth were examined under a stereomicroscope with a magnification of 25X. The amount of attrition (former name abrasion) was scored according to the Tooth Wear Index published by Smith and Knight (1984). On the basis of the present study the following conclusions can be drown: 1. Attrition was found in more than three-quarter of the examined teeth which shows that children with all certainty chew more than it is assumed. 2. Attrition could be assigned mainly in the class 1. and dentin was exposed in 12% of the cases. 3. Attrition of molar teeth is higher than that of the anterior teeth. 4. Attrition of the first molars is higher than that of the second molars.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[The immune resistance of patients with colorectal cancer].

The nutritional status and immunoactivity of 114 patients suffering from colorectal cancer has been estimated. In 42% of them a middle or serious degree kwashiorkor-type malnutrition has been observed. The number of complications and lethality was significantly higher in this patient group. The age of the patients and the tumor stage played an important role in the dysfunction of the immune system. The short term immunostimulation of the patients with vaccination had a positive effect only on patients with normal or only slightly disturbed nutritional status.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The sequence of a sea urchin muscle actin gene suggests a gene conversion with a cytoskeletal actin gene.

We report the nucleotide sequence of the single muscle actin gene of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Comparison of the protein-coding sequence of this muscle actin gene (pSpG28) with that of two linked sea urchin cytoskeletal actin genes (pSpG17 and CyIIa) reveals a region of exceptional sequence conservation from codon 61 through codon 120. Furthermore, when silent nucleotide changes are compared, the conservation of this region is still evident (7.9% silent site differences in the conserved region vs 43.3% silent site differences in the rest of the gene when pSpG28 and CyIIa are compared), indicating that the conservation is not due to particularly stringent selection on the portion of the protein encoded by this region of the genes. These observations suggest that a gene conversion has occurred between the muscle actin gene and a cytoskeletal actin gene recently in the evolution of the sea urchin genome. Gene conversion between nonallelic actin genes may thus play a role in maintaining the homogeneity of this highly conserved gene family.

Actins↗
PubMed1987

Protective effect of antihistamines on cerebral oedema induced by experimental pneumothorax in newborn piglets.

As a consequence of general hypoxaemia evoked experimentally by bilateral pneumothorax, brain oedema of vasogenic type developed in newborn piglets after 4 h survival. Histamine receptor antagonists, mepyramine (H1-receptor blocker), metiamide, cimetidine and ranitidine (H2-receptor antagonists) were administered either intraperitoneally or intrathecally to check to what extent the formation of brain oedema could be reduced. Mepyramine and ranitidine decreased the accumulation of water, sodium and albumin in the parietal cortex. By measuring the concentration of histamine, the presence of a histamine pool was demonstrated in the cerebral microvessels. The results suggest that histamine, if released upon hypoxic injury from the microvascular store, can take an important part in the development of vasogenic brain oedema.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Alprazolam compared to amitriptyline in the treatment of major depression.

In a double-blind randomized study the therapeutic effect and safety of alprazolam was compared with amitriptyline in 81 outpatients suffering from major depression. Variable dosages of both drugs were used, the mean final dose of alprazolam being 3.05 and that of amitriptyline 130 mg. Both treatment groups improved steadily, assessed weekly with the use of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and no significant differences were found between the groups, either on comparison between single items or total scores. On several of the criteria used for assessment of treatment response, however, more patients responded to amitriptyline than to alprazolam. In an analysis of specific subgroups, patients whose depression was accompanied by retardation, those in whom there were no precipitating factors and those with low levels of anxiety, responded better to amitriptyline. Considerably fewer side effects were reported by patients receiving alprazolam. In particular, there was a significantly lower incidence of dry mouth, light-headedness, tremor and tachycardia in patients receiving alprazolam compared with amitriptyline.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Long-term treatment with benzodiazepines: theoretical, ideological and practical aspects.

The prevalence of anxiety disorders in a psychiatric sense is 5-10%. If all available data are summed up, it seems evident that about half of these disorders have a prolonged, often chronic course, and thus require some form of long-term or continuous treatment. Accomplishment of long-term treatment will often be prevented by a general fear of dependence and abuse, risk factors that have been strongly emphasized. General restrictivity has also been urged regarding the dosage level, often resulting in a sub-optimal treatment, more harmful than beneficial to the patient. The prescription figures for anxiolytics in relation to the prevalence and course of anxiety disorders do not suggest an unreasonably high prescription rate, on the contrary, the prescribed amount would not be sufficient for treating more than 2.5% of the population.

Anxiety Disorders↗