Intravenous serial xerographic carotid arteriography.
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Carotid Arteries↗
Biomedical subjects
A N Hasso
Publications and source records attributed to A N Hasso.
Fibromuscular dysplasia of the internal carotid artery: percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was used to successfully dilate critical narrowings of the internal carotid artery caused by fibromuscular dysplasia. The technique of this new procedure is presented along with the angiographic findings and results in three patients. Angioplasty may be used as an alternative to open arteriotomy and graduated dilatation in treating stenosis due to symptomatic fibromuscular dysplasia in the immediate extracranial part of the internal carotid artery.
Aged↗
Computed tomography of tuberculous meningitis in infants and children.
Three cases are used to illustrate the computed tomography (CT) findings of tuberculous meningitis in infants and children. The clinical and laboratory findings of these patients are presented, and the differential diagnosis of viral, bacterial and fungal meningitis is reviewed. Tuberculous meningitis should be suspected, even in the infant or child with a negative tuberculin skin test, when a chronically ill patient presents with the acute signs of meningismus, the cerebrospinal fluid analysis demonstrates a low glucose and monocytosis, and cranial CT shows ventricular enlargement with prominent basal and sylvian fissure enhancement after intravenous contrast medium injection. The ease and safety of serial CT examinations make this procedure the ideal radiological method to follow the patient's course in order to evaluate the response to treatment.
Brain↗
Infarctions of the brainstem and cerebellum: a correlation of computed tomography and angiography.
Forty-nine patients were found to have computed tomographic (CT) and clinical evidence for infarction in the brainstem and cerebellum. Seventeen had correlative angiography, of which 15 had a severe occlusive vascular lesion somewhere in the vertebrobasilar system. The correlation between angiographic and CT localization of the infarcts was not good. Inferiorly located infarcts were probably often missed on CT because of basal artifacts. Combined infarctions of the brainstem and cerebellum were common. Nineteen of the 49 patients had an associated mass effect in the posterior fossa; in eight of these, hydrocephalus developed. Although immediate surgical decompression of the posterior fossa has been recommended for treatment of this complication, most of these patients recovered well with careful medical decompression.
Aged↗
True and false fenestration of the vertebral artery.
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Humans↗
Venous occlusions of the cavernous area--a complication of crushing fractures of the sphenoid bone.
Four patients who sustained crushing fractures of the sphenoidal bone had angiographic evidence of venous occlusions of the cavernous area. Signs depended upon the type of basal venous and cavernous anatomy. The diagnosis can be made by demonstrating abrupt cutoff of veins in the cavernous region, preferred retrograde flow of the anterior cavernous sinus, direct venous hemorrhage, and venous stasis.
Adolescent↗
Cervical spinal angiography in midline spondylosis and herniations of intervertebral discs.
Three patients with clinical evidence of cervical myelopathy and degenerative osteoarthritis or herniation of intervertebral disc were studied with angiography. Angiography yielded information regarding the level of the most significant lesion better than did Pantopaque myelography when multiple lesions were present. Angiography also aided in differentiating hard central osteophytic from soft tissue encroachment on the spinal cord caused by herniation of a disc or thickening of the posterior longitudinal ligament. An occasional patient with cervical discogenic myelopathy suggested at multiple levels by myelography may benefit from the localization offered by angiography.
Adult↗
Occlusion of the intradural vertebrobasilar artery.
The diagnosis of occlusion of the intradural vertebrobasilar artery (OIDVBA) was made by means of cerebral angiography in 22 patients. The clinical presentation, course and followup were studied in conjunction with the angiographic findings in each case and the following conclusions made. OIDVBA is not rare. It occurs one-fourth as often as occlusion of the carotid artery. The correct diagnosis is not made clinically before angiography in the majority of patients. Complete visualization of the neck and intracranial vasculature is necessary to document the occlusion. Atherosclerotic thrombosis is the most common type of occlusive lesion. The most common predisposing factors are atherosclerosis, hypertensive cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and developmental vertebrobasilar hypoplasia. Most patients with occlusion are in the 7th and 8th decades of life and transient attacks of vertebrobasilar ischemia precede the occlusion in one-half of the cases. Emboli usually lodge in the terminal portion of the basilar artery whereas thrombotic occlusions tend not to be located in a characteristic segment. A majority of patients diagnosed angiographically survive their OIDVBA, but most distal occlusions result in death, often following several weeks of coma. In the surviving majority, disturbance of gait, impairment of vision, and symptoms of transient vertebrobasilar ischemia are the most common sequelae.
Adolescent↗
Emergency occlusive techniques.
Emergency occlusive therapy may be indicated in the management of acute arterial injury or expanding arteriovenous fistula. Intra-arterial occlusion may be performed at the time of diagnostic angiography. Selective placement of catheters permits percise diagnosis and management. We wish to report eight cases to demonstrate the efficacy of different occlusive agents. No adverse reactions were noted in this series of patients. We feel that emergency occlusive therapy is rapid and safe. It may facilitate and occasionally obviate surgical management.
Adolescent↗
Angiographic demonstration of lupus cerebral phlebitis with communicating hydrocephalus.
Two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, who had striking angiographic abnormalities of venous contour, are presented. Both cases also had communicating hydrocephalus. Postmortem examination of one patient led to a histological explanation of the venous changes observed radiologically. Previous radiological reports have shown involvement of arteries but not veins with lupus erythematosus. The angiographic signs of phlebitis may signify a meningeal reaction which, when combined with ventricular enlargement, should suggest communicating hydrocephalus.
Brain↗
Occult spinal dysraphism in the geriatric patient.
Three patients in their seventies with occult spinal dysraphism are described. All three had tethered spinal cords, intrasacral meningoceles, and severe degenerative lumbar spondylopathy. The mechanism for the late development of symptomatology is related to an acquired lesion, degenerative spinal stenosis.
Aged↗
Myelographic features of mucopolysaccharidoses: a new sign.
A new mechanism of myelopathic changes in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis is described. Two similar cases had myelographic evidence of marked concentric impingement of the cervical subarachnoid space and cord compression due to thickening of the dura. Myelography is indicated in the evaluation of these patients because surgical decompression may reverse the progressive neurological deficits.
Adult↗
Adult arteriosclerotic moyamoya.
Progressive idiopathic distal internal carotid artery occlusion in children and young adults associated with the development of bridging channels and tortuous, plethoric intracerebral arterial networks has been termed moyamoya or Nishimoto's disease. It is now generally recognized that this unusual angiographic patten results from collateral supply pathways and is not a primary angiomatous process. The authors describe 2 middleaged patients with intracranial arteriosclerotic occlusive lesions demonstrating secondary collateral patterns angiographically identical to moyamoya.
Carotid Artery, Internal↗
Interhemispheric infarction. Neuroradiological and clinical manifestations.
Evidence of infarction along the interhemispheric fissure was found in 3 clinically dissimilar patients. The neuroradiographic features appear to be sufficiently diagnostic when the appropriate examinations are utilized.
Adult↗
Phlebographic appearance and pathogenesis of venous malformations in the orbit.
A retrospective clinical and radiographic analysis of 20 patients with orbital venous malformations was performed. The malformations were fed by other veins rather than arteries. They may nearly always be demonstrated by orbital or jugular phlebography, though occasionally they will fill only following direct puncture. There appeared to be varied etiologies. A few were related to trauma or to other causes of increased intraorbital pressure. There is an association with periorbital hemangiomas suggesting developmental or congenital origin.
Adolescent↗
Transient enlargement of deep medullary veins in encephalitis.
This case report concerns a woman who presented an atypical clinical pattern with some features of encephalitis and other features of brain tumor. Cerebral angiography showed a unilateral cerebral mass with prominence of deep medullary veins, usually interpreted as evidence of a neoplasm. Brain biopsy was interpreted as astrocytoma. Subsequent spontaneous clinical remission and regression of angiographic findings led to a reappraisal of the microscopic interpretation with a final diagnosis of encephalitis. The pathogenesis of cerebral angiographic abnormalities observed with encephalitis is reviewed. The transient prominence of deep medullary veins is probably due to hyperemia. Followup angiography is recommended when encaphalitis is suspected.
Adult↗
Neuroradiology of the sphenoidal region.
The neuroradiological techniques employed in diagnosing a series of 54 lesions involving the superior orbital fissure and cavernous sinus (sphenoidal region) were reviewed in order to compare the value of sphenoidal tomography, pneumoencephalography, cerebral arteriography and sphenoidal venography. The patients included in the series exhibited clinical syndromes of sphenoidal region cranial nerve deficits. Confirmation of the sphenoidal region disorder was obtained in all cases. Of the four procedures, sphenoidal venography and basal tomography yielded the highest rate of positive studies.
Aged↗
Orbital vascular anatomy and embryology.
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Angiography↗