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Biomedical subjects

A N Bruere

Publications and source records attributed to A N Bruere.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Re: Fifty years of leptospirosis research in New Zealand: a perspective.

The article which appeared in the Jubilee Issue of the New Zealand Veterinary Journal (Marshall and Manktelow 2002) reviewed one of this country's most important zoonotic diseases. I wish to add three important references concerning its first recognition in livestock and humans in New Zealand. The first field cases of leptospirosis in calves due to Leptospira pomona (now L. interrogans serovar pomona) were confirmed in November 1951 on farms in Westland, not in Northland in 1953 as stated in the review. The seminal year for leptospirosis research was 1951 not 1953. Simultaneously, the association with human disease in New Zealand was also recognized and confirmed (Bruere 1952; Kirschner et al 1952). In that year there was a mini-epidemic of cases in Westland involving both calves and humans. It was fortuitous at the time that Kirschner had established methods for the diagnosis of leptospirosis at Otago Medical School. Despite obvious clinical signs, laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis was not confirmed at Wallaceville (New Zealand's only animal diagnostic station available to veterinarians in 1951) because of logistic impossibilities in both transport and sample preservation. From calf sera collected in Koiterangi (now renamed Kowhitirangi) in Westland in November 1951, Kirschner confirmed my diagnosis of leptospirosis ...

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Local tissue reaction to the administration of an inactivated Brucella ovis saline-in-oil vaccine by the intraperitoneal route.

An inactivated Brucella ovis saline-in-oil vaccine was administered to 14 adult ewes using both the intraperitoneal route and the subcutaneous route. Pairs of animals were necropsied at intervals between 24 hours and ten weeks after injection. The nature of the local inflammatory reaction to the administration of the vaccine was similar at all sites. The lesion consisted of granulomatous inflammation arranged around droplets of oily vaccine. Diffuse peritonitis was seen at necropsy in 12 of the 14 animals. A local extraperitoneal inflammatory response at the injection site was present in four animals despite careful attempts to deposit the vaccine within the abdominal cavity. A second study of 30 rams vaccinated by the intraperitoneal technique confirmed that extraperitoneal deposition of vaccine commonly occurred and that approximately 20% of animals vaccinated by the intraperitoneal method still had peritonitis six months later.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

The response of vaccinated rams to experimental challenge using Brucella ovis.

One hundred and thirty eight rams were allocated to four experimental groups. An inactivated Br. ovis vaccine was administered either once by the intraperitoneal route (1 i/p), twice by the intraperitoneal route (2 i/p), or twice by the subcutaneous route (2 s/c), and the last group was left unvaccinated. They were then challenged by the intravenous inoculation of between 123 and 1.23 x 108 live Br. ovis bacteria. The number of rams that succumbed to infection within the four groups was 4135 (11%) for the 2 s/c, 7133 (21%) for the 2 i/p, 9135 (26%) for the 1 i/p and 18135 (51%) for the unvaccinated rams. Vaccination reduced the number of rams that succumbed to experimental challenge and although there were differences between the vaccinated groups, these were not statistically significant. Following challenge, unvaccinated rams were the first to excrete Br. ovis in their semen three weeks following inoculation. Next, those vaccinated by either one or two doses by the intraperitoneal technique began to excrete the organism (five weeks) and then finally those rams vaccinated twice by the subcutaneous route (seven weeks).

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

The serological response of rams to four methods of vaccination against Brucella ovis infection.

A comparative study was made of the serological response of rams to an inactivated Brucella ovis saline in-oil vaccine administered either once or twice by either the subcutaneous or the intraperitoneal route. The serological response of rams to two spaced doses of vaccine was more consistent and more persistent than when a single dose of vaccine was used. The rise in titre was more rapid and the final titre of greater magnitude when the subcutaneous route of administration was used in comparison with the intraperitoneal route. On a serological basis, the most satisfactory vaccination technique investigated consisted of two subcutaneous injections of vaccine administered ten weeks apart. The least satisfactory technique was a single intraperitoneal injection.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

An inherited cataract in New Zealand Romney sheep.

A bilateral cataract was noted to occur in sheep on a New Zealand Romney stud. Extensive breeding trials showed that this defect was inherited as an autosomal dominant. As such this form of cataract is of minimal importance to the sheep industry as control is merely by culling affected individuals.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

Enzyme replacement therapy--an experiment of nature in a chimeric mannosidosis calf.

Enzyme replacement therapy was studied in a chimeric mannosidosis calf which had received a natural transplacental transplant of normal lymphocytes from its co-twin. There was considerable reduction in the pathology of certain organs and in the amount of storage oligosaccharides, but the clinical course of this neurologic disease was not significantly altered. It was postulated that if this disease had been purely visceral the transplant would have been relatively effective.

Animals↗