Reliability in automatic determination of the ABO group by the groupamatic system.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Muller.
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Approximately 6000,000 routine immunohematological tests have been conducted with Groupamatic GC systems at the National Blood Transfusion Center in Paris. The system is used for determination of the ABO group including A1 and A2 subgrouping; the Rh factors including Du, C, c, E, e, CW;K;Lea; P1; M and N. The detection and identification of irregular alloantibodies is carried out systematically together with detection of the anti-A and anti-B antibodies. Simultaneously, testing for syphilis is done with a cardiolipid antigen. Groupamatic equipment allows 340 samples to be tested per hour and 12 reactions can be carried out simultaneously on each sample. The system is fully automated.
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Strategic planning based on a market orientation requires close attention to consumers' needs and preferences. Therefore, consumer research is a prerequisite for strategic planning. However, problems and limitations have been pointed out in business fields which have had over 30 years' experience with consumer research. These shortcomings also apply to consumer research in healthcare. Several examples are presented to illustrate this point. Some recommendations follow which should make consumer research more useful for strategic planning. Yet, the importance of consumer research should not be overestimated.
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