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Biomedical subjects

A Mukherjee

Publications and source records attributed to A Mukherjee.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effect of alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation of isolated canine, ferret and guinea pig airways.

Functional responses and subtypes of alpha-adrenoceptors in canine trachealis smooth muscle were investigated using the agonists; epinephrine, norepinephrine, SK&F 89748 (alpha 1-selective) and BHT-933 (alpha 2-selective) in the presence of a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist. Tissue contractility to these agonists was in the range of 16 to 46% of the maximum response to serotonin. SK&F 89748 was most effective in canine airways; however, the contractions could be abolished by methysergide. Neither precontraction of the airways by KCl nor degree of beta-adrenoceptor blockade increased the reactivity of SK&F 89748 in this tissue. Reactivity of ferret and guinea pig airways to norepinephrine in the presence of beta-adrenoceptor blockade was insignificant. Responses of guinea pig airways to tyramine was about 1,000-fold less than those observed for vascular smooth muscle. Taken together these data suggest that alpha-adrenoceptors do not have any significance in the pathogenesis of airway hyperreactivity in dog, ferret and guinea pig airways. Moreover, adrenoceptors in guinea pig airways appear to be hormonal beta-adrenoceptors.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1987

Specific skin ulcers in Hodgkin's disease.

A young man with Hodgkin's disease who experienced specific cutaneous ulcers over the scalp during treatment is described. The relation of such ulcers to the disease's progress is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Limited dermal ossification: clinical features and natural history.

For 9 years we have observed a girl who has ossification in the dermis with a strikingly limited distribution. Recently a second girl with similar dermal ossification restricted to a single extremity was identified. The ectopic bone is histologically identical to normal membranous bone. These two patients have no obvious underlying cause for soft tissue bone formation, and no disorder of calcium or phosphate metabolism. Ossification first involved the dermal and subcutaneous connective tissue, and with time advanced locally in the affected areas to bridge joints and limit mobility. The ossification has now extended to involve muscle fascia but has not involved the muscle itself. This disease appears to represent a heretofore unrecognized disorder of mesenchymal differentiation.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1986

Oral cysticercosis.

A 35-year-old Indian male with nodules in the tongue, lower lip and subcutaneous tissues and convulsions of recent onset is presented. Surgical excision of the nodules confirmed the clinical diagnosis of cysticercosis and relieved the lingual discomfort. This is the 26th case of oral cysticercosis being reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Role of alpha-adrenergic receptors in cartilaginous and non-cartilaginous human airways.

An imbalance between the density of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors in airway smooth muscle has been suggested as one of the potential underlying mechanisms of bronchial asthma. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the presence and functional behavior of alpha-adrenoceptors in isolated human bronchi and bronchioles. Human airway tissues did not show any spontaneous tone during equilibration in physiological solution. Sensitivity of non-cartilaginous airways (8th generation and smaller) to histamine was approximately 3 times more than cartilaginous (2nd-7th generation) airways. In the presence of beta-adrenoceptor blockade, norepinephrine (3 X 10(-4) M) evoked approximately 14-40% of maximum histamine contraction in cartilaginous and non-cartilaginous airways from three donors. When tone in these tissues was elevated by pretreatment with histamine (10(-5) M), leukotriene D4 (10(-10) M), carbachol (1 X 10(-6) M-3 X 10(-6) M) or KCl (10(-2) M), the sensitivity to norepinephrine was potentiated. Airway tissue from one donor was found to be highly reactive to norepinephrine and the maximum contractions were 118 and 145% of maximum histamine contraction for cartilaginous and non-cartilaginous airways, respectively. Time to reach maximum contraction in cartilaginous airways was 80 min compared to 21 min for non-cartilaginous airways from the same donor. These data suggest that human airways contain contractile alpha-adrenoceptors in addition to relaxant beta-adrenoceptors, which haven been reported previously in the literature. Though activation of alpha-adrenoceptors induces contractions in human airway smooth muscle, the potency of norepinephrine for alpha-adrenoceptors in these airways is low compared to that reported for vascular smooth muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Measurement of myelin basic protein by radioimmunoassay in closed head trauma, multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases.

A double antibody sequential radioimmunoassay for human myelin basic protein (MBP) has been developed. The assay utilizes a rabbit antibody to human MBP and purified rabbit MBP as the radiolabelled antigen. This assay was used to analyze cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 22 patients with severe head injury, 61 other cases of various neurological disorders, and 106 normal controls. The results showed that closed head trauma caused moderate to severe elevations in CSF MBP, and elevated CSF MBP was detectable in several diseases which involve CNS myelin.

Craniocerebral Trauma↗
PubMed1985

Decreased in vitro secretion of LH, FSH, and free alpha-subunits by pituitary cells from old male rats.

Various in vivo and in vitro pituitary-Leydig cell functions were examined in mature (5-8 mo) vs. old (22-25 mo) male Wistar rats. Old rats exhibited decreased serum concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (P less than 0.0025) but similar levels of prolactin (P less than 0.01) both before and 4 wk after castration. The in vitro release of LH, FSH, and free alpha-subunits was measured in primary cultures of dispersed anterior pituitary cells from both intact and castrated rats. During 48 h of incubation, basal secretion rates of the glycoproteins were decreased (P less than 0.001) from cells of both intact and castrated old rats. After stimulation with LH-releasing hormone (LRH) in single (10(-8) M) or multiple (10(-10) - 10(-7) M) doses, the total amounts of the glycoproteins secreted were also less from cells of both intact and castrated old rats. However, repeated measures analysis of variance revealed age-related hyporesponsivity to LRH stimulation only for LH secretion by cells from intact rats. The basal molar ratios of alpha/(LH + FSH) secreted by cells from intact but not castrated old rats were lower than those from cells of the corresponding mature rats. Moreover, after LRH stimulation (10(-10) - 10(-7) M), molar secretory ratios of alpha/(LH + FSH) decreased from cells of intact mature rats but increased from cells of intact old rats. These in vitro data suggest that the reduced serum LH and FSH levels in intact and castrated old male rats result in part from decreased secretion of these glycoproteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1985

Ultrastructure of leprous phlebitis.

An ultrastructural study on vein biopsies from six lepromatous leprosy patients was carried out. The results showed that a) the lumen-lining bacillated cells were endothelial in origin due to the presence of specific Weibel-Palade endothelial cell granules; b) endothelial cells released Mycobacterium leprae into the lumen by exophagocytosis; c) M. leprae were able to grow and multiply in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells; and d) smooth muscle cells did not show any evidence of reaction due to the presence of M. leprae in their cytoplasm.

Adult↗