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Biomedical subjects

A Mostbeck

Publications and source records attributed to A Mostbeck.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Influence of dihydroergotamine and leg compression on the blood volume in different regions of the body (author's transl)].

After intravenous injection of 99mTc labelled autologous erythrocytes the radioactivity of a definite body-region is proportional to the local blood volume. By whole body scintigraphy it is possible to assess simultaneous changes of blood volume in different interesting regions. By this method the influence of 1 mg dihydroergotamine i.v. was investigated in 10 patients and of compression of both legs by inflatable leg cuffs (Jobst) with pressures of 25 and 40 mmHg (3,3 and 5,3 kPa) in 7 patients. After dihydroergotamine statistically significant decreases of blood volume were found in the legs and arms and increases in the thorax and liver. Over the abdominal region there was a statistically not significant decrease of blood volume. After leg compression a statistically significant decrease of blood volume in the legs and an increase in thorax, liver and abdomen were found. The arms showed a statistically not significant blood volume increase. The blood volume diminishing effect of dihydroergotamine in the legs was 20,4% in average, of a leg compression (25 mmHg=3,3 kPa) 33,4%. Contrary to the general opinion a reduction of blood volume was also found in legs with severe varicosis. The diminution of blood volume is even more intense in such cases than in normal legs. The results after dihydroergotamine are explained by its well known constrictor effect on the capacitance vessels in the extremities.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

[On the usefulness of bone scintigraphy for detecting loosening of articular prostheses (author's transl)].

The most important complication of articular substitution is the loosening of the prostheses as a result of permanent overstraining, trauma, chemical or infectious noxae. The value of bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis of loosening of the endoprothesis was examined in 53 articular prostheses (49 hip joints and 4 knee joints). A pathological scan was evident in all cases where the prosthesis had become loose (18 cases), whereas a normal scan was found in 34 firmly positioned prostheses. A false positive scan occurred in one case of periarthritis. Bone scintigraphy can be employed as a means of diagnosing loosening of prostheses after a period of nine months following the operation; up to that time, enhancement can be due to the operation. A positive scan in case of loosening of the prosthesis is manifested earlier than radiological signs. For this reason, scintigraphy can be recommended as a routine examination method in pain after articular substitution surgery.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1978

[The value of scintigraphy for the early detection of osteomyelitis (author's transl)].

For therapy and development of acute haematogenic osteomyelitis early detection of this disease is decisive. In our study 74 children were investigated scintigraphically with Tc-pyrophosphat because of suspicion of an inflammatory bone process. In all 23 cases of osteomyelitis scintigraphy showed an indication in form of increased activity in the respective bones; so the sensivity of this investigation, found in our study, was 1.0. In 10 of 51 cases without osteomyelitis scintigraphy, however, also showed increased activity. Because of this limited specifity of scanning further investigations are needed in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis. The main advantage of scintigraphy as compared with roentgen observation is the high sensitivity in the first days of illness. In addition scanning may supply valuable informations about the inflammatory process as long as it is active.

Child↗
PubMed1977

[The effect of dopamine on the renal function in dogs with chronic ligation of the common bile duct (author's transl)].

The influence of dopamine on glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma flow (ERPF) and urinary sodium excretion was investigated in dogs before and after a chronic bile duct ligation for a period of 16 days. 1. Dopamine (4 microgram/kg/min.) leads to an increase of GFR, ERPF and urinary sodium excretion. 2. There was no change of GFR and ERPF after bile duct ligation. Urinary sodium excretion was decreased. The decrease was, however, not significant (0.05 less than p less than 0.1). 3. After bile duct ligation dopamine induced increase of GFR and ERPF was of the same order as observed in the preoperative period. Compared with the preoperative values for sodium excretion the dopamine effect was lower (p less than 0.05). The present investigation shows that dopamine is worth trying in cases of obstructive jaundice accompanied by acute renal failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[The influence of dopamine on the regional blood volume in liver, abdomen, chest and extremities (author's transl)].

The influence was studied of 3 and 6 gamma/kg/min. dopamine on the blood volume in the liver, abdomen, chest, arms and legs in ten volunteers with healthy livers, and a comparison was made between the effect of dopamine and the blood volume changes caused in these body regions by inflatable whole-leg boots at a pressure of 40 mm Hg. Regional blood volumes and any induced changes were studied by means of 99 m Tc labelled autologous erythrocytes. A gamma camera with a pinhole collimator and a small computer was used, the field of vision of the camera being 148 cm in diameter. Changes in regional activity reflect changes in the regional blood volume. 1. Whole-leg compression at 40 mm Hg led to an increase in the blood volume of the liver, abdomen and chest, but to a reduction in the legs, while no significant change was observed in the arm blood volume. 2. On infusion of 3 gamma/kg/min. dopamine for 15 minutes no significant change occurred in the blood volume of the liver and abdomen. The chest blood volume increased, while the blood volume of the upper and the lower extremities showed a statistically significant decrease. 3. On infusion of 6 gamma/kg/min. dopamine for 10 minutes no significant change occurred in the blood volume of the liver, while the chest blood volume continued to rise and that of the upper and lower limbs continued to fall. 4. Ten minutes after the end of the infusion there was no significant change in liver and abdominal blood volume as compared with the last value measured during infusion of 6 gamma/kg/min. dopamine. By that time the chest blood volume had already fallen and the blood volume of the arms and legs increased. The possible action mechanisms via dopamine-specific and other catecholamine receptors are discussed in this paper.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1976

[A comparative study of the kinetics of 131I-bromsulphthalein and 125 I-biligrafin (author's transl)].

The kinetics of 131I-Bromsulphthalein (BSP) and 125I-Biligrafin were compared with one another. 131I-BSP is taken by the liver ten times faster than 125I-Biligrafin. The distribution volumes of these two tracers are identical. The maximum transport capacities (Tm) of BSP and Biligrafin are inversely proportional to the elimination constant k of the blood. The Tm of BSP is 8.6 +/- 1.9 mg/min., of biligrafin is 35.8 2.2 mg/min. Biligrafin leaves the liver cells without prior metabolization, which could account the higher Tm of this preparation. In conformity with theoretical considerations, 131I-BSP and 125I-Biligrafin differ in the following important respects: 131-I-BSP leads to a high activity in the liver against a low background activity. With labelled Biligrafin, on the other hand, on account of the slow activity in the liver and the high Tm, a striking contrast is demonstrable between liver and bile duct. This could, perhaps, be of diagnostic value in localizing a bile fistula.

Bile↗
PubMed1976

[Detection of venous occlusions of the leg and pelvis by means of nuclear medicine].

Based upon experience with 563 patients, the 131 I fibrinogen test has proven a reliable method for the diagnosis of acute leg vein thrombosis. Investigations correlated by means of roentgenological phlebography performed by routine technique in 83 patients showed similar results in 77% of the cases. Analyzing the negative results of 23%, we consider 19% of the discrepancies to be due to faulty phlebographic and 4% to faulty fibrinogen results. Phlebography may reveal false positive results in recurrent thromboses and false negative results in thrombosis of the lower legs. The fibrinogen test may reveal false positive results after trauma, fractures, and in cases of superficial phlebitis and arthritis. Pelvic venous occlusions are detectable by radionuclid venography. This method is non-invasive (injection of 99m Tc albumin particels or microspheres in less than 1 ml, by means of a very thin needle into a dorsal foot vein). A lung scan is obtained in every examination. The results conformed in 89% of 250 patients with those obtained from Doppler ultrasonic investigations. Two thirds of all pelvic vein thromboses were located on the left side. Perfusion defects of the lungs were probably caused by pulmonary embolism (lung scanning) and were found in an average of 54% of all leg and pelvic vein thromboses (in thrombosis of the lower legs in 35%, of the thigh in 57% and of the pelvic vein in 70%). These figures are in good conformity with pathological-anatomical data concerning the frequency of pulmonary emboli and infarctions in leg and pelvic vein thrombosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Compression treatment in venous and lymphatic flow disorders of the leg].

Based on our investigations, the mode of action of compression bandages is discussed ant the physiological and physical principles of this therapy are reviewed. The different basic forms of compression therapy, for example, non-elastic bandages, elastic bandages, use of foam rubber and sponge rubber inserts as well as compression stockings, are mentioned. The side effectes of compression therapy are treated and the indications for compression therapy in superficial and deep thromboses, postthrombotic syndrome and lymphedema are discussed.

Bandages↗
PubMed1975

[The simultaneous investigation of liver and kidney function in the presence of dopamine (author's transl)].

The effect of dopamine on liver function and on renal blood flow and the glomerular filtration rate was studied in 13 patients suffering from liver cirrhosis. Hence, the BSP retention and 131I BSP clearance was determined and also the clearance of 99mTc DTPA and of 125I hippuran in decreasing concentrations, as well as under steady state conditions. Methodological problems arising from the application of the slope clearance technique in cirrhotic patients are discussed. Dopamine did not affect the BSP clearance and BSP retention, but a significant increase in renal plasma flow was observed. The glomerular filtration rate was not significant altered.

Adult↗