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Biomedical subjects

A Moreno

Publications and source records attributed to A Moreno.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Generalized acquired cutis laxa associated with coeliac disease: evidence of immunoglobulin A deposits on the dermal elastic fibres.

Acquired cutis laxa (ACL) is an uncommon elastolytic disorder of unknown aetiology. In rare instances, ACL has been reported in association with autoimmune diseases and dermal deposit of immunoglobulins, suggesting that destruction of elastic tissue may be immunologically mediated. We report a 35-year-old man with generalized acquired cutis laxa (GACL) associated with a persistent papular erythematous eruption that histopathologically showed some resemblance to dermatitis herpetiformis. A marked reduction and degeneration of dermal elastic fibres was noted in biopsies from loose-hanging skin. Direct immunofluorescence from non-inflammatory loose skin revealed granular immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposits at the basement membrane zone and fibrillar IgA deposits in the dermal papillae. IgA deposits were also observed on the elastic fibres of the reticular dermis. Electron microscopy of skin from the submammary fold revealed fragmented elastic fibres, partial absence of peripheral microfibrils and abundant neutrophils, some of which were degranulated and adjacent to elastic fibres. Immunoelectron microscopy of an erythematous papule revealed IgA deposits around dermal elastic fibres. Antigliadin, antireticulin and antiendomysium antibodies were present. Jejunal biopsies showed a gluten-sensitive enteropathy. A possible IgA-mediated immune mechanism for the development of GACL in our patient is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Late onset epilepsy].

Epileptic seizures appearing in adulthood are not uncommon. They are usually provoked or involve acute symptoms, but late-onset unprovoked seizures are also frequent. The chance of repeated seizures is high, and when they occur late-onset epilepsy (LOE) is diagnosed. The incidence of LOE, particularly in the elderly, has increased over the past ten years. The etiology of this entity depends to a great extent on age. Idiopathic LOE is quite frequent, especially in the young adult and new epileptic syndromes have recently been described. The percentage of LOE cases attributable to tumors and traumatism is high in the middle-aged adult. Vascular disease and dementia are the main causes of LOE in the elderly. The treatment of LOE follows the general guidelines, but the starting drug doses must be lower and certain antiepileptic must be avoided in the elderly. Seizures are often controlled by a single drug given at comparatively low doses. New longitudinal studies are needed, however, to allow us to formulate new rational therapeutic approaches.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Brain metastases in cancer of the anal canal: a case report].

One to two per cent of the GI tract cancers have its origin in the anal canal. The purpose of this publication, is to report a case of a patient with the unusual complication of brain and bone metastases which is believed to be due to hematogenous spreading.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1996

Apoptosis loss and bcl-2 expression: key determinants of lymph node metastases in T1 breast cancer.

The Bcl-2 proto-oncogene extends cell survival but does not confer any proliferative advantage to cells that express it. Thus, the loss of apoptosis may have a role in progression allowing the acquisition of additional mutations. To determine whether apoptosis loss at diagnosis is associated with the metastatic advantage of ductal breast carcinomas and to examine the relationship between Bcl-2 expression, p53, and tumor cell death status, we examined tumor samples from 116 patients diagnosed with T1 (2 cm or less) breast cancer with (n = 49) or without (n = 67) lymph node metastases. Apoptosis loss in histological sections was considered when <1% of tumor nuclei were stained with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase labeled with biotin. We studied the expression of Bcl-2 and p53 by immunohistochemistry and in 37 p53 mutations by single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis and cycle sequencing. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to estimate prevalence odds ratios (pORs) for apoptosis loss and presence of lymph node metastases. Patients with marked apoptosis loss in their tumor cells were about 5 times more likely to present lymph node metastases than those with no apoptosis loss in their tumor cells (adjusted pOR, 4.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-15.6; trend test, P = 0.008). Bcl-2 expression was strongly associated with both apoptosis loss (pOR, 6.9; trend test, P < 0.0001) and presence of lymph node metastases (pOR, 5.7; trend test, P = 0.002). These associations were more evident in histological grade I and II tumors than in poorly differentiated histological grade III tumors and in p53-negative tumors than in p53-positive tumors. This study demonstrates for the first time that the lymphatic progression of T1 human breast cancer is strongly related to apoptosis loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Shaped protein single crystals.

The formation of protein single crystals grown with the shape controlled by the geometry of the capillary used as a growth cell is presented. The shaped crystals show strong birefringence under crossed nicols and diffract as single crystals up to 1.74 A.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

[Intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with AIDS: study of 3 cases].

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a protozoa belonging to the Microsporidia family which prevalence has increased in AIDS patients. Although diagnosis is performed by the demonstration of the parasite in the epithelium of the small intestine by light and electron microscopy, techniques allowing diagnosis from stools or duodenal or biliary aspirates have recently been described. Three cases of intestinal microsporidiosis diagnosed by the mentioned method are reported. The patients were 3 males with chronic diarrhea of several months of evolution with an important ponderal loss. All were in advanced stages of HIV infection with CD4-lymphocyte counts lower than 0.1 x 10(9)/l. In all the patients in whom intestinal absorption tests were performed these were found to be altered. One of the patients presented concommitant cholestasis with parasitation by E. bieneusi being demonstrated as by the biliary route in this patient. Confirmation of infection by E. bieneusi was performed in the 3 cases by electron microscopy study of stools. A review of intestinal microsporidiosis in AIDS patients is carried out and the therapeutic possibilities available for this infection are discussed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

Malaria vaccines.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Forecasting↗
PubMed1995

A monoclonal antibody to swine erythrocytes recognizes the B blood group on the major glycophorin.

Recently monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to swine red blood cells have been described. One of them (1AC11) was specific for the major swine glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 45 kDa and another mAb, 2G2, recognized the Ba allele in the B system of swine blood groups. Immunoblotting experiments to characterize the mAb 2G2 indicated that it reacts with an antigen of 45 kDa, present on the aqueous phase, glycophorin fraction, of swine red blood cells with the Ba allele and does not react with BbBb homozygous cells. The antigen recognized by 2G2 has the same characteristics as the major glycophorin recognized by 1AC11, so we can conclude that the B system of the swine blood group is on the major glycophorin of swine erythrocyte membranes.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1995

A papular eruption secondary to infection with Corynebacterium jeikeium, with histopathological features mimicking botryomycosis.

Corynebacterium jeikeium has been increasingly recognized as a pathogen, particularly in immunocompromised patients and in those with a prosthetic heart valve. Although cutaneous manifestations of C. jeikeium infection have been described, we have only found two case reports that give an histological description of the lesions. We present three patients with haematological malignancies who developed infection with C. jeikeium and a papular eruption. Skin biopsy disclosed similar histological features in all three patients, namely numerous Gram-positive bacteria enclosed in an eosinophilic matrix, with a minimal inflammatory response. C. jeikeium was cultured from cutaneous lesions in two cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Calcinosis cutis following liver transplantation: a complication of intravenous calcium administration.

Calcinosis cutis may be a complication of administration of intravenous calcium solutions. We report four patients who developed calcinosis cutis following orthotopic liver transplantation, all of whom had received calcium chloride solutions intravenously during surgery. There was no evidence of extravasation of the solutions. A gradual improvement of the lesions was seen in the subsequent months. This complication of intravenous calcium infusions is probably related to the large amounts of blood-derived products and of calcium salts administered during surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The beta chain of the GPIIb molecule on ruminant leukocytes and platelets is not labelled by the sulfo-NHS-biotin method.

Glycoprotein (Gp)IIb/IIIa molecules have been immunoprecipitated from platelets and leukocytes of cattle, goat, horse, human, sheep and swine using specific monoclonal antibodies. The sulfo-NHS-biotin (sulfosuccinimidobiotin) method used to label the proteins has been found unsuitable for labelling the beta chain of the ruminant GPIIb/IIIa molecule. The beta chain was present on ruminant leukocytes and platelets when immunoprecipitates were silver stained.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Prostacyclin-thromboxane balance and retinal vascular pattern in rats with experimentally induced diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To search for relationships between alterations in vascular and platelet function and the retinal vascular pattern in male Wistar rats with streptozocin-induced diabetes after various periods of evolution of the disease. NUMBERS: Five groups of five diabetic rats were studied, the duration of diabetes being 15 days or 2, 3, 6 or 9 months; a control group comprised six nondiabetic rats. Each diabetic rat that died was replaced with a new animal, for a total of 46 animals. All deaths occurred within the first 5 days of induction of the disease. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood glucose level, intensity of platelet aggregation, thromboxane B2 level, aortic 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha level, retinal vascular morphology, percentage of retinal area covered by vessels stained with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in photomicrographs. RESULTS: Thromboxane B2 production increased with the duration of diabetes (r = 0.91, p < 0.001), and aortic 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production decreased in relation to blood glucose concentration (r = -0.95, p < 0.003). Alterations in retinal vascular pattern were related to both blood glucose and vascular prostacyclin concentrations. The retinal area covered by HRP-stained vessels was 79.3% lower in the diabetic rats than in the nondiabetic rats, and this inhibition was maintained throughout the experimental period. CONCLUSIONS: We postulate that a decrease in prostacyclin production in association with high glucose levels plays an important role in the development of retinal vascular alterations in streptozocin-diabetic rats, although an influence of thromboxane cannot be ruled out.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1995

[Sumatriptan and cluster headache].

Double-blind studies have demonstrated the efficacy of sumatriptan for the treatment of cluster headache (CH) but little is known about its use on a daily basis. The open trial reported here analyzed the efficacy, tolerance and appropriateness of subcutaneous administration of sumatriptan; the results are compared with findings for other treatments of CH. Sumatriptan was used in 232 attacks suffered by 16 patients and its effect was very rapid. Pain began to diminish a mean 9 minutes after injection and the most intense had disappeared in less than 15 minutes. All the patients preferred sumatriptan to other treatments. No serious side effects were recorded and the patients were satisfied with subcutaneous injection. Sumatriptan was considered the first choice medication for treatment of CH symptoms, although its high cost is a drawback that had to be taken into account.

Adolescent↗