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Biomedical subjects

A Mohsen

Publications and source records attributed to A Mohsen.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Differences among breeds and manifestation of heterosis in AI boar sperm output.

A total of 271,547 records of semen collections were utilized to appraise sperm characteristics of 3319 boars belonging to eight breeds: Czech Large White (CLW), Czech Landrace (CLA), Prestice Black-Pied (PBP), Czech Meat Pig (CM), Hampshire (HA), Duroc (DC), Pietrain (PN), Large White (LW), and various crosses of these breeds. The data was collected over 8 years (1990-1997) from insemination stations for boars in the Czech Republic. The assessment of sperm output was based on semen volume, number of total spermatozoa and number of viable spermatozoa. A linear model was used for statistical analysis included fixed effects of breed or crossbred combinations, boar within breed or crossbred combinations, year-season, and linear and quadratic regression on age of boars at collection and on interval between collections. The average semen volume of boars ranged from 161 to 349 ml, number of total spermatozoa from 81x10(9) to 119x10(9) and number of viable spermatozoa from 60x10(9) to 86x10(9). The lowest values were detected in DC while the highest were observed in LW. In general, sperm output significantly differed across breeds and their crossbreeds. The highest heterosis effect for semen volume was 30.6% (HA x PN), for number of total spermatozoa 18.2% (HA x PN) and 10.4% for number of viable spermatozoa (CLA x DC). Sperm output varied with season, including high values in autumn and winter and low ones in spring and summer.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Recovery of distal hole axis in intramedullary nail trajectory planning.

In intramedullary nail (IMN) surgical operations, one of the main efforts for surgeons is to find the axes of two distal holes. Two distal holes on an IMN, which are inside the intramedullary canal of a patient's femur, can only be seen in a lateral X-ray view. For the standard surgical procedure, the localization of the distal hole axes is a trial-and-error process which results in a long surgical time and large dose of X-ray exposure. In this paper, an algorithm to derive the three-dimensional position and orientation of the distal hole axis was developed. The algorithm first derives the nail axis through two X-ray images. Then the distal hole axis is calculated through projecting back the hole boundary on the X-ray image from a lateral view to three-dimensional space. A least-squares method is used to determine the centres of the front hole and the back hole through iteration. The algorithm has been tested with real data and it was robust.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed2001

Cloning of genomic and cDNA for mouse isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD) and evolutionary comparison to other known IVDs.

Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD) is an intramitochondrial homotetrameric flavoenzyme that catalyzes the conversion of isovaleryl-CoA to 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA in the leucine catabolism pathway. Deficiency of IVD in humans causes isovaleric acidemia, which shows tremendous clinical variability for reasons that are unknown. To help better understand this disorder, we have cloned and sequenced the mouse IVD genomic and cDNAs. The mouse IVD gene spans approximately 17 kb and contains 12 coding exons organized identically to the human gene. It maps to mouse chromosome 2 in the area of band 2E4-E5, corresponding to the syntenic region of human chromosome 15. Mouse IVD predicted amino acid sequences are 95.8 and 89.6% identical to that of the rat and human sequences, respectively, with conservation of key functional residues. We have now identified IVD sequences from seven species. Comparison of these sequences shows that the rat and mouse proteins are the most closely related, both of which, in turn, share highest homology to human. All of the mammalian enzymes appear to be more closely related than any of the IVDs on other branches of the phylogram, while the fly and worm IVDs are the most divergent. The invertebrate IVDs are more closely related to the mammalian enzymes than to those from two plant species.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Outbreaks of influenza A in nursing homes in Sheffield during the 1997-1998 season: implications for diagnosis and control.

Three recent outbreaks of influenza A in nursing and residential homes in Sheffield were characterized by high attack rates among both residents and staff, and a high mortality rate among residents. The epidemiology of the outbreaks was unusual in that all three occurred towards the end of a quiet influenza season, against a generally low level of community activity, and involved strains of influenza that were not included in the current season's vaccine. The outbreak investigation was aided by the use of a novel rapid diagnostic technique. In future the combination of vaccination, surveillance, rapid diagnosis and new antineuraminidase drugs should improve prospects for control of influenza within closed communities.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Brucellosis in fish.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease that represents serious economic and health problems. It has been extensively studied in different species of livestock but literary references to fish brucellosis are scarce. Therefore, the purpose of the research hereby presented was to investigate the serologic-bacteriologic response of Nile catfish to experimental infection with brucellosis. Thirty predatory catfishes were used. They were divided into two groups. The first was subjected to s. c. infection with Brucella melitensis biovar 3, the other to s. c. application of physiological solution. Three fishes from each group were killed once a week within 5 weeks to subject them to serologic-bacteriologic examinations. It was found that brucella antibodies were detected in the blood of infected fishes after 7 days post-inoculation. The antibody titre was maintained throughout the period of observation. The organism was also recovered from visceral organs of infected fishes. On the other hand, none of control fishes showed any serologic or bacteriologic response. These results suggest that fish could be considered as a suspectable species to brucellosis. Subsequently, further studies are needed to clarify the possible role of fish in the disease transmission.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

4',17-dioxo-5'H-estra-1(10),4-dieno[3,2-b]furan: synthesis, binding affinity to the estrogen receptor, uterotrophic and antiimplantation activities.

4',17-Dioxo-5'H-estra-1(10),4-dieno[3,2-b]furan (3) has been prepared by several routes starting from 2-bromoacetylestrone (2). Performance of the reaction with thiourea at elevated temperature provided compound 3 in good yield. When other reagents such as thiosemicarbazide, morpholine, sodium hydroxide or sodium hydride were treated with 2-bromoacetylestrone at room temperature, the furano derivative 3 was also obtained as the sole product. This new type of structural modification provided an estrogen nucleus deprived of the 3-hydroxyl function which was previously thought to be an essential requisite for binding to the estrogen receptor (ER). When evaluated in vitro for binding to the ER and in vivo for uterotrophic and antifertility activities, the furano derivative 3 was capable of inhibiting [3H]E2 binding by 16% while still eliciting high uterotrophic (99%) and postcoital antiimplantation (100%) activities relative to estradiol.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Synthesis and evaluation for uterotrophic and antiimplantation activities of 2-substituted estradiol derivatives.

Two novel series of 2-substituted estradiol derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for uterotrophic and antiimplantation activities. Among the compounds tested in the rat, 2-acetylestradiol 17 beta-acetate (1), 2-(3'-dimethylamino-1'-propionyl)estradiol 3,17 beta-diacetate (7), 2-(3'-diethylamino-1'-propionyl)estradiol 3,17 beta-diacetate (8), 2-(3'-piperidino-1'-propionyl)estradiol 3,17 beta-diacetate (9), 1'-(2-estradiol 3,17 beta-diacetate-3'-diethylaminopropionyl thiosemicarbazone (12), and 1'-(2-estradiol 3,17 beta-diacetate)-3'-morpholinopropionyl thiosemicarbazone (14) displayed estrogenic activity. At dosages of 4 microliters/rat/day, none of the tested compounds elicited antiimplantation activity. All compounds shared a similar characteristic: nuclear substitution at the C-2 position of the steroid nucleus, a property previously thought to be markedly inhibitory for estrogenic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of Rift Valley fever virus on pregnant and non-pregnant local Barki ewes after artificial infection.

Studies were conducted into effects of Rift Valley fever virus on oestrous and vaginal cytology in non-pregnant ewes. 6 pregnant and 8 non-pregnant local Barki ewes were subcutaneously inoculated with different doses of virus isolated from Sharkia Province. Observed were irregularities in the oestrous cycle (20-28 days inoculation) and anoestrum. The anoestrum smears included large non-cornified epithelial cells with large well stains centrally located nuclei together with a large number of bacteria. Abortion and retention of placenta occurred in pregnant ewes with prolonged puerperal heat up to 70 days. Inoculation of virus was followed by thermal response. Re-isolation of virus in BHK cells was possible from aborted foetuses and placenta.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1990

Synthesis of 3-aryl-2-substituted-4(3H)-quinazolines as potential antimicrobial agents.

Three new series of 4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives were synthesized, namely: [3-Aryl-4(3H)-quinazolinon-2-yl]-methylenehydrazino-(N- substituted)-thiocarbamides, 3-Aryl-2-(3-substituted-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazol-2-ylidenehy drazonomethyl)-4 (3H)-quinazolinones and 3-Aryl-2-(3-substituted-4-oxothiazolidin-2-ylidenehydrazonometh yl)-4(3H)-quinazolinones. The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized compounds were also studied.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Novel thiazolidine-2,4-dione-4-thiosemicarbazone and 4-[(3,4-diaryl-3H-thiazol-2-yl)azo]thiazolidin-2-one derivatives: synthesis and evaluation for antimicrobial and anticancer properties.

Two novel series of 3-benzylthiazolidine-2,4-dione-4-thiosemicarbazones (V - IX) and 3-benzyl-4-[(3,4-diaryl-3H-thiazol-2-yl)azo]thiazolidin-2-on es (X - XXII) were synthesized as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents. The products were found to be inactive against a variety of microorganisms and the preliminary antileukemic evaluation of some representative compounds against P 388 lymphocytic leukemia indicated insignificant activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Steroidal derivatives. Part 1: some novel steroidal thiosemicarbazones. Their synthesis, anticancer and endocrinological activities.

The synthesis of several novel thiosemicarbazone derivatives of steroids, including estrogens and androgens, is described. Evaluation of the products in P 388 Lymphocytic Leukemia indicated no anticancer activity. The endocrinological screening showed that estrogenicity is slightly reduced but not abolished in the thiosemicarbazones derived from estrone-3-methyl ether (compounds 1, 2 and 4). The androgenic activity of the thiosemicarbazones derived from testosterone (compounds 7--9) was more pronounced than that of testosterone. Among the same thiosemicarbazone derivatives 7--9, only o-tolyl derivative 8 exhibited anabolic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Novel synthesis of 2-substituted aminobenzimidazoles from thiourea derivatives.

The use of different alkyl halides as effective cyclodesulfurizing agents was thoroughly studied. N-phenyl-,N'-[o-aminophenyl]-thiourea when treated with different alkyl halides gave rise to 2-phenyl-aminobenzimidazole. The optimum conditions for such cyclodesulfurization reaction were established by using eight equivalents of the alkyl halide, ethyl alcohol as solvent, and 8 h reflux. The reaction was also successfully applied to N-o-tolyl (benzyl or n-butyl)-N'-[o-aminophenyli1-thioureas to give rise to the corresponding 2-substituted aminobenzimidazoles.

Amines↗
PubMed1975

New facile synthesis of 2-substituted aminobenzimidazoles.

In this investigation, the cyclodesulphurization of N-o-aminophenyl-N'-phenylthiourea to produce 2-phenylaminobenzimidazole under the influence of dimethylsulphate was thoroughly studied under different reaction conditions. The mechanism of such reaction was also suggested.

Amines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bleeding from an epiphrenic oesophageal diverticulum.

A 49-year-old woman with a 2-month history of mild dysphagia and three episodes of haematemesis was found at endoscopy and barium swallow to have an epiphrenic oesophageal diverticulum containing an ulcerating crypt, but no ectopic gastric epithelium. Diverticulectomy and lower oesophageal myotomy gave a good result.

Adult↗