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Biomedical subjects

A Mizuno

Publications and source records attributed to A Mizuno.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Application of thermography to the evaluation of the histamine skin test in man.

The degree of skin flare 10 min after intradermal injection of histamine (0.06-2 micrograms in 0.1 ml saline) was evaluated both visually and by thermography in 6 healthy male volunteers. Intradermally injected histamine increased the skin flare area in a dose-dependent manner. There was a good exponential correlation (r = 0.963) between the flare area evaluated visually and that evaluated by thermography, indicating that the degree of underestimation of the flare area by visual inspection increased with increasing flare size. This could be due to the fact that the rather irregular shape of a flare was rounded by the eyes. Suppressive effects of an antihistamine, terfenadine (20, 40, 60, and 120 mg, p.o.), on the flare caused by histamine (2 micrograms/0.1 ml saline) were evaluated in a similar way in a single-blind, crossover controlled trial using 15 healthy male volunteers. The histamine skin test was evaluated both visually and by thermography before and 4 hr after administration of placebo or each of 4 doses of terfenadine. Terfenadine (20, 40, and 60 mg) suppressed the skin flare in a dose-dependent manner, but 60 and 120 mg had almost the same effect. In all cases the flare area evaluated visually was smaller than that obtained by the thermography, although the degrees of reduction of flare area by the drug were similar by both methods when expressed as a percentage of placebo. In conclusion, thermography could serve as a tool for the objective evaluation of the histamine skin test.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Pre-auricular (tragus) skin incision in fracture of the malar arch.

The malar arch consists of both the temporal process of the malar bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. So far, there have been various different surgical approaches to the fractured malar arch. This report deals with 16 cases of the facial bone fractures including the malar arch. The usefulness of a pre-auricular (tragus) skin incision elongated to the haired temporal region is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Surgical consideration of replacement of the ascending aorta and aortic valve with a composite valve graft--operative and long-term results of Bentall and DeBono procedure.

Our experience with the Bentall and DeBono procedure is reviewed. Between April, 1977 and April, 1985, seventeen patients underwent repair of annulo-aortic ectasia (9 cases), and dissecting aneurysm with aortic regurgitation (8 cases). Three patients had cardiac tamponade due to rupture of dissecting aneurysm. In regard to this procedure, we recently performed the continuous suture method on the prosthetic valve ring, coronary ostia, and distal anastomosis sites. In this study, there was one early death due to a sudden rupture of the dissecting aneurysm of the left thoracic cavity on the 10th postoperative day. In addition, there were two late deaths due to sepsis and suspected arrhythmia. The late follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 8 years (mean 35 months), and all patients were in NYHA Class I or II. We conclude that the composite valve graft method is an excellent technique for annuloaortic ectasia and ascending aortic dissections with aortic regurgitation because of its low operative mortality and fair survival rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Psychomotor performance tests using a microcomputer: evaluation of effects of caffeine and chlorpheniramine in healthy human subjects.

We have developed two kinds of microcomputer programs for evaluation of psychomotor function in man. In one (simple test), two single-digit random numbers are displayed, and the subject inputs the last figure of their sum from the keyboard. The performance during two sequential trial periods of 5 min with a rest interval of 1 min is evaluated. In the other (complicated test), four single-digit random numbers are displayed and the test is performed in the same manner. With the latter we intended to decrease the efficacy of performance by about 50% as compared with the former. A validation study of these programs was conducted in 20 healthy volunteers (14 males and 6 females) with caffeine as a central nervous stimulant. The study was a double-blind, placebo controlled and cross-over one. The subjects performed both of the above tests prior to and 1 h after an oral administration of a capsule containing either placebo or caffeine (230 mg) at an interval of 24 h. The numbers of correct answers during 10 min of trial were used for the evaluation of performance. The relationship between the performance of the simple test and that of the complicated test was linear and, as expected, the efficacy of the latter was about a half (48%) of the former in the total 40 performances of control. The concentration of caffeine in plasma was measured with and HPLC technique to be 4.4 +/- 1.7 micrograms/ml (mean +/- SD) 40 min after administration. Caffeine significantly (P less than 0.05) increased the performances of both tests 1 h after the administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Conversion of 4-aminobutyraldehyde to gamma-aminobutyric acid in retina.

4-Aminobutyraldehyde (ABAL) was shown to be converted to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the rat retina in vivo as well as in vitro. The results suggest that ABAL can easily cross the blood-retinal barrier and be rapidly oxidized to GABA in the retina. The conversion of ABAL to GABA also occurred in retinas treated with kainic acid, which greatly reduced glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) activity. Therefore, it is suggested that the conversion in the retina is independent of the GAD pathway and may occur not only in GABAergic neurons but also in glia or photoreceptor cells.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1986

A new method for extracting circular and supercoiled genome segments from cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus.

The genome of a cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV) consisting of 10 segments was extracted by a new two-step extraction method. The results from polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, phenol and diepoxybutane treatment and electron microscopic examination indicated the extracted genome segments to have circular and supercoiled structures as genome-protein(s) complexes. Multiple cycles of the transcription of each segmented genome of CPV may take place on the circular structure of the segment.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Complete median cleft of the upper lip and alveolus with holoprosencephaly.

A case of complete median cleft of the upper lip and alveolus with holoprosencephaly is presented. An 8-month-old girl was successfully treated by closure of the median upper lip. In addition, 9 patients who have undergone cheiloplasty of complete median cleft of the upper lip with holoprosencephaly reported in the Japanese literature, are reviewed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

Liquid chromatographic determination of uric acid and ascorbic acid in rat retinae after ophthalmic artery and optic nerve ligation.

Change of urate and ascorbate levels in retinae of rat left eyes after ophthalmic artery and optic nerve ligation was studied by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The right eyes were used for sham operation. We found that uric acid levels in the retinae of the left eyes increased as a function of time after the operation, whereas those of the right eyes remained unchanged. In addition, we found that ascorbic acid levels in the retinae of the rat eyes decreased after the operation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Pressure gradient across the mitral valve in mitral stenosis estimated by high pulse repetition frequency Doppler method].

High pulse repetition frequency (HPRF) Doppler and continuous wave (CW) Doppler methods were used to estimate the pressure gradient across the mitral valve. Twenty-two cases of mitral stenosis and five cases of ischemic heart disease were studied. Both the HPRF and CW Doppler studies were conducted during catheterization in all cases. In the Doppler study, pressure gradient was calculated using the simplified Bernoulli's formula. The HPRF device used was a type SSD-730 produced by Aloka Co. It had a reference frequency of 2 MHz. Its minimum pulse repetition frequency was 4.2 KHz; its maximum, 19.2 KHz. Among the 27 cases, the maximum flow velocity measured by the HPRF method at the level of the mitral valve orifice was compared with that by the CW method. As the velocity increased, the discrepancy of measured values between the two methods increased, but it was within 0.1 m/sec. Therefore, there was a good correlation between the HPRF and CW methods (r = 0.98). The pressure gradient between time delay-corrected pulmonary artery wedge pressure and left ventricular pressure was compared with that obtained by the HPRF method. Contrary to our expectations, the correlation coefficient between the two was not so high, and the pressure gradients calculated by the HPRF method tended to be underestimated. For eight patients in whom the left atrial pressure could be recorded, the pressure gradient between the left atrium and left ventricle was compared with that obtained by the HPRF method. There was underestimation, and a good correlation coefficient was obtained. When using pulmonary artery wedge pressure as a substitute for left atrial pressure, one must realize that the time delay varies in every case and that the pressure pulse itself is not the same. When the pressure gradient between the left atrium and left ventricle is used, a good correlation coefficient can be obtained. Therefore, the flow velocity obtained by the HPRF method will reflect the true pressure gradient across the mitral valve. The HPRF method proved to have a potential equal to that of the CW method for estimating mitral valve flow velocity in mitral stenosis, and it may be used as a helpful diagnostic tool.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase activity in rat visual pathways with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

The enzyme 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (CNPase) is one of the important markers for myelin synthesis or demyelination. We measured the CNPase activities in the visual pathway tissues of Lewis strain rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by inoculation of myelin basic protein from the brain. The enzyme activities in the retina, optic nerve, optic chiasma and lateral geniculate body were reduced to about 50-80% of that of controls at 15 days after myelin basic protein inoculation when symptoms of EAE were most severe. However, the activities recovered at 19 days except in the retina when the symptoms of EAE disappeared. Furthermore, the activities of the optic nerve and chiasma increased to a level higher than that of the controls at this time. By histopathological study, infiltration of inflammatory cells and focal demyelination were found in the optic nerve and lumbar spinal cord at 15 days after myelin basic protein inoculation. It was considered that the reduction of CNPase activity and its recovery and increase reflect demyelination and activation of oligodendroglia for remyelination, respectively.

2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide 3'-Phosphodiesterase↗