Diagnosis of abdominal aortic graft infection by a percutaneous intraluminal brushing of the graft.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aorta, Abdominal↗
Biomedical subjects
A Miyata
Publications and source records attributed to A Miyata.
The coexistence of esophageal submucosal tumor and carcinoma.
The coexistence of esophageal submucosal tumor and carcinoma has been reported only in very few cases up to now, and the relationship between them is unclear. To elucidate the incidence and the pathogenesis of their coexistence, endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) were sequentially performed in 95 patients who were suspected of having a submucosal tumor of the esophagus. EUS revealed 83 submucosal tumors and 12 cases of extraluminal compression. Two cases of esophageal carcinoma were observed in the series. In one patient, intraepithelial carcinoma was present on a leiomyoma originating in the muscularis mucosae, and in the other patient, multiple superficial carcinomas were presented.
Aged↗
[Lytic action of cefminox against slowly growing bacteria].
Lytic action of cefminox (CMNX) against slowly growing Escherichia coli (E. coli) K-12 JE1011 was compared with that of the related cephamycin cefmetazole (CMZ) or ampicillin (ABPC). The growth rate in doubling time was 30 min. at 37 degrees C. Minimal concentrations of CMNX, CMZ and ABPC showing clear lysis were 0.39, 3.13 and 12.5 micrograms/ml, respectively, under these conditions. When E. coli was cultured at 12 degrees C, the doubling time was 720 and 816 min. which were 24 and 27.2 fold as slow as those at 37 degrees C, respectively. In 12 degrees C culture, the minimal concentrations showing clear lysis were 0.78 (2 fold at 37 degrees C), 25 (8 fold) and 100 micrograms/ml and higher (8 fold or more) with CMNX, CMZ and ABPC, respectively. Therefore, it appeared that the lytic activity of CMNX was not significantly affected by bacterial growth rate and was demonstrated effectively against slowly growing bacteria at a low concentration. We determined release activity of cell wall peptidoglycan fragments by 5 beta-lactam antibiotics in addition to the above-mentioned 3 antibiotics. The results showed that the release activity was not proportional to the MIC and that of CMNX was the strongest among those antibiotics. The rapid and strong bactericidal action of CMNX against bacteria at the early stationary phase was suggested to result from the characteristic lytic action against slowly growing bacteria.
Ampicillin↗
[A case of successful treatment of chronic sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis after ascending aorta and hemiarch reconstruction].
Mediastinitis is one of severe and fatal complications after cardiac surgery, especially in the presence of a prosthetic graft. A 70-year-old male, who was suffered from chronic sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis after ascending aorta and hemiarch reconstruction was reported. He developed high fever and leucocytosis on the 16th postoperative day. Wound culture was positive for Grampositive organisms. He was diagnosed as having sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis and treated by sternal bone debridement and irrigation with dilute povidone iodine solution with no effects. Total excision of the infected sternum, irrigation with non-diluted solution of povidone iodine and omental transfer were performed successfully. The literature regarding omental transfer for mediastinitis and infected prosthetic grafts was briefly reviewed.
Aged↗
Structure and expression of the human prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 gene.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Molecular cloning and expression of prostacyclin synthase from endothelial cells.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Human genes for prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2, thromboxane synthase and prostacyclin synthase.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Incidence of peptic ulcer in men is inversely correlated with blood pressure: study in an apparently healthy Japanese population.
OBJECTIVE: To study the role of autonomic nervous innervation in the etiology of peptic ulcer, we investigated the blood pressure in patients with peptic ulcer. METHODS: In 100,085 Japanese adults who were undergoing health screening examinations, including barium meal study, there were endoscopic evaluation-confirmed diagnoses of gastric ulcer in 769 cases and of duodenal ulcer in 344 cases. The blood pressure in those patients was compared with that in 57,208 normal Japanese controls with no gastrointestinal abnormalities, as confirmed by barium meal study. RESULTS: The blood pressure of younger and middle-aged men with gastric and duodenal ulcer were lower than those of normal control men. In women, except for the diastolic pressure of those in their 50s, the blood pressure in patients with peptic ulcer and normal controls did not differ significantly. The incidence of duodenal ulcer or of gastric ulcer in men was inversely related to the systolic and diastolic pressure. No definite relationship in this respect was seen in women. CONCLUSIONS: An inverse relationship was observed between the occurrence of peptic ulcer and the blood pressure level in Japanese men, but not in women. The relationship may be mediated by an inhibitory effect of the sympathetic nervous system on ulcer formation in hypertensive subjects. The reason for the sex difference in this respect is unknown.
Adult↗
[Multiple candida liver abscesses successfully treated by continuous intrahepatic arterial infusion of amphotericin B using a reservoir in a case with acute myelocytic leukemia (M2)].
A 49-year-old male was admitted with a diagnosis of AML (M2). One course of BHAC-DM regimen induced complete remission. During the consolidation therapy, he developed marked pyrexia resistent to antibiotics. Ultrasonography and CT scan revealed multiple small liver abscesses, which suggested mycotic etiology. After unsuccessful treatment with intravenous administration of fluconazole, a percutaneous transhepatic intraportal administration of Amphotericin B (AMPH-B) (20 mg/day) was started, followed by the consolidation chemotherapy. When the first positive blood culture was obtained for Candida, a reservoir was embedded in the subcutaneous layer of the right iliac region and the intrahepatic arterial administration of AMPH-B (5 to 20 mg/day) by the Infusor (Baxter Healthcare Corporation), a portable, disposable drug delivery system that provides a constant drug flow, was started. The liver abscesses has almost disappeared when the maintenance chemotherapy was completed. The side effects of AMPH-B were negligible. This case suggests the usefulness of the intrahepatic arterial infusion of AMPH-B using an inplantable drug delivery system in patients with hematological malignancies developing intractable multiple fungal liver abscesses.
Amphotericin B↗
[Active transport of fosfomycin into cells of Escherichia coli, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus].
We examined effect of fosfomycin (FOM) on growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) NIHJ JC-2, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) PFS80 and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) Smith. FOM inhibited the growth of these organisms at 0.1 approximately 0.5, 10 approximately 50 or 5 approximately 50 micrograms ml, respectively. In E. coli, FOM clearly lyzed the cells at 0.5 microgram/ml. These 3 bacteria incorporated radiolabeled FOM proportionately to incubation time. Intracellular concentration of FOM was estimated by considering the water content of E. coli cells. The ratio of intracellular to extracellular concentrations of FOM was larger than 1 after 5 approximately 10 min. incubation with FOM and reached about 7 after 40 min. FOM was incorporated actively into P. aeruginosa over extracellular concentration after 40-min. incubation on the basis of the above-mentioned water content. It was suggested that FOM was incorporated actively into various bacterial cells, and inhibited efficiently cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis, thus inhibited bacterial growth or lyzed the bacterial cells.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Characterization of the human gene (TBXAS1) encoding thromboxane synthase.
The gene encoding human thromboxane synthase (TBXAS1) was isolated from a human EMBL3 genomic library using human platelet thromboxane synthase cDNA as a probe. Nucleotide sequencing revealed that the human thromboxane synthase gene spans more than 75 kb and consists of 13 exons and 12 introns, of which the splice donor and acceptor sites conform to the GT/AG rule. The exon-intron boundaries of the thromboxane synthase gene were similar to those of the human cytochrome P450 nifedipine oxidase gene (CYP3A4) except for introns 9 and 10, although the primary sequences of these enzymes exhibited 35.8% identity each other. The 1.2-kb of the 5'-flanking region sequence contained potential binding sites for several transcription factors (AP-1, AP-2, GATA-1, CCAAT box, xenobiotic-response element, PEA-3, LF-A1, myb, basic transcription element and cAMP-response element). Primer-extension analysis indicated the multiple transcription-start sites, and the major start site was identified as an adenine residue located 142 bases upstream of the translation-initiation site. However, neither a typical TATA box nor a typical CAAT box is found within the 100-b upstream of the translation-initiation site. Southern-blot analysis revealed the presence of one copy of the thromboxane synthase gene per haploid genome. Furthermore, a fluorescence in situ hybridization study revealed that the human gene for thromboxane synthase is localized to band q33-q34 of the long arm of chromosome 7. A tissue-distribution study demonstrated that thromboxane synthase mRNA is widely expressed in human tissues and is particularly abundant in peripheral blood leukocyte, spleen, lung and liver. The low but significant levels of mRNA were observed in kidney, placenta and thymus.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Isolation and molecular cloning of prostacyclin synthase from bovine endothelial cells.
Prostacyclin synthase catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 to prostacyclin, which is a powerful vasodilator and the most potent natural occurring inhibitor of platelet aggregation. In the present study, we determined the amino acid sequence of bovine prostacyclin synthase by combined protein chemical and molecular cloning techniques. The enzyme was purified and characterized from bovine aorta microsomes, and the partial amino acid sequences were determined with the native enzyme and endoproteinase Lys-C-cleaved peptides. Using primers synthesized according to the amino acid sequences, cDNA coding for prostacyclin synthase was amplified by polymerase chain reaction with bovine endothelial cell poly(A)+ RNA and cloned into pBluescript II. Nucleotide sequence analyses of the cloned cDNA inserts revealed that cDNA for this enzyme contained a 1500-base pair open reading frame coding for a 500-amino acid polypeptide with a M(r) of 56,628. COS-7 cells transfected with an expression plasmid harboring this cDNA clone expressed prostacyclin synthase activity. The primary structure of the enzyme showed structural characteristics of cytochrome P450 and exhibited a 32% identity to that of human cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase. However, the identity between the amino acid sequences of bovine prostacyclin synthase and human thromboxane synthase was only 16%, and no P450 showed an identity higher than 40%, suggesting that prostacyclin synthase represents a new family in the P450 superfamily. RNA blot analysis indicated that the mRNA for prostacyclin synthase from bovine endothelial cells showed a size of approximately 2.7 kilobases and that the mRNA level increased about 3-fold by treatment of tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Cloning and expression of the gene for hydroxypyruvate reductase (D-glycerate dehydrogenase from an obligate methylotroph Hyphomicrobium methylovorum GM2.
The gene encoding hydroxypyruvate reductase, catalyzing the asymmetric reduction of hydroxypyruvate to D-glycerate, and its flanking regions were isolated from a methylotrophic bacterium, Hyphomicrobium methylovorum GM2. Nucleotide sequencing of the recombinant plasmids revealed that the hydroxypyruvate-reductase gene codes for the 322-amino-acid protein with calculated molecular mass 35,726 Da. The sequence was confirmed by sequencing the intact enzyme and peptides obtained by digestion of the enzyme with Achromobacter proteinase I. The amino acid sequence of the enzyme showed similarity to members of the D-isomer-specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. The recombinant plasmid, which was constructed by ligation of the cloned gene and an expression vector pKK223-3, was introduced into Escherichia coli HB101. The recombinant enzyme purified from the transformed E. coli cells was indistinguishable from the enzyme isolated from H. methylovorum GM2 by immunological and enzymological analyses.
Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
Molecular cloning and expression of human prostacyclin synthase.
The cDNA for human prostacyclin synthase was cloned by polymerase chain reaction using poly(A)+ RNA from human aortic endothelial cells according to the partial nucleotide sequence of prostacyclin synthase gene. The cloned cDNA with a size of 1977 base pairs contained a 1500 base pairs open reading frame which encoded a 500 amino acid protein sharing an 88% identity with bovine prostacyclin synthase. RNA blot analysis indicated that the size of major prostacyclin synthase mRNA of human aortic endothelial cells was approximately 6 kilobases and that its mRNA level was increased by interleukin 1 or interleukin 6 treatment. Moreover, tissue distribution study demonstrated that prostacyclin synthase mRNA is widely expressed in human tissues and is particularly abundant in ovary, heart, skeletal muscle, lung, and prostate. These results suggest a variety of physiological roles of prostacyclin in addition to the implications in the cardiovascular system.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Characterization of the human gene (PTGS2) encoding prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2.
The human gene (PTGS2) encoding an inducible isozyme of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2) that is distinct from the well-characterized and constitutive isozyme (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1), was isolated using a polymerase-chain reaction-generated cDNA fragment probe for human prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the entire human prostaglandin-endoperoxide-synthase-2 gene demonstrated that it is more than 8.3 kb in size and consists of ten exons; this gene is very similar to the murine and chicken prostaglandin-endoperoxide-synthase-2 genes. The structures of exons in the human prostaglandin-endoperoxide-synthase-2 gene were also similar to those of the human prostaglandin-endoperoxide-synthase-1 gene (PTGS1). However, the sizes of introns in the human prostaglandin-endoperoxide-synthase-2 gene were generally smaller than those of the human prostaglandin-endoperoxide-synthase-1 gene. Primer-extension analysis indicated that the transcriptional-start site is 134 bases upstream of the translational-initiation site. The sequence of the 1.69-kb region of nucleotides preceding the transcriptional-start site and the first 0.8-kb intron contained a canonical TATA box and various transcriptional-regulatory elements (CArG box, NF-IL6, PEA-1, myb, GATA-1, xenobiotic-response element, cAMP-response element, NF-kappa B, PEA-3, Sp-1 and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate-response element). The nucleotide sequence of the 5'-flanking region (275 bp) of the human prostaglandin-endoperoxide-synthase-2 gene showed 63% similarity to the sequence of murine prostaglandin-endoperoxide-synthase-2/TIS10 gene, but essentially no homology to the chicken prostaglandin-endoperoxide-synthase-2 gene, and human and murine prostaglandin-endoperoxide-synthase-1 genes. A fluorescence in situ hybridization study showed that the human genes coding for prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1) and prostaglandin-endoperoxidase synthase 2 (PTGS2) were mapped to distinct chromosomes 9q32-q33.3 and 1q25.2-q25.3, respectively, indicating that these genes are not genetically linked.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Abundant expression of thromboxane synthase in rat macrophages.
The cloned cDNA for rat thromboxane (TX) synthase with a size of 1851 bp contained a 1599-bp open reading frame which encoded a 533-amino acid protein sharing 79.7% identity with human TX synthase. RNA blot analysis was carried out with rat cells and tissues. Rat peritoneal macrophages most abundantly expressed mRNA for TX synthase, and its level was not changed by in vivo stimulation of casein. Bone marrow, spleen, lung and thymus also expressed the TX synthase gene. These findings suggest the possibility that TXA2 plays a role in the immune system.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
A novel type of life cycle "delayed homothallism" in Saccharomyces cerevisiae wy2 showed slow interconversion of mating-type.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae wy2 segregated to 2 mater and 2 non-mater in relation to mating ability. The non-mater segregants behaved as the normal type of homothallic life cycle. On the other hand, the mater segregants gradually formed spores during successive subcultures, indicating that slow interconversion of mating-type happened to occur during subcultures. We termed this novel type of life cycle "delayed homothallism". The results of complementation tests with standard ho strains and introduction of a wild type HO gene showed that delayed homothallism was caused by a defective HO gene. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the wy2 HO gene differed from the wild type HO gene in three amino acid residues. In the carboxy terminus of HO protein, there are three repeats of cysteine and histidine that are postulated to play a role in binding of HO protein to DNA. However, wy2 HO protein lacked one such repeat at residues Cys470-His475, where His was replaced by Leu.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[Study of pulmonary function after CABG with pleurotomy].
We studied the influence of pleurotomy during harvesting IMA for CABG on postoperative pulmonary function. Ninety nine cases underwent CABG surgery from January 1991 to July 1992, were divided into three subgroups, 45 patients (subgroup AY 2) having bilateral IMAs graft with pleurotomy, 45 patients (subgroup AY 1) having unilateral IMA graft with pleurotomy, 9 patients (subgroup AN) having unilateral IMA graft or vein grafts without pleurotomy. Frequencies of chest X-rays abnormality such as elevation of diaphragm and accumulation of pleural effusion before discharge around 2 weeks after surgery, were not significantly different among three subgroups. 58 cases without chest X-rays abnormalities were divided into three subgroups in the same way. There was no case with late extubation or with postoperative pulmonary complication. At first we compared pre-with postoperative pulmonary function in each subgroups. Pulmonary function (VC, FEV1.0, peak flow, MMF, V50, V25) was significantly deteriorated in the patients with pleurotomy, while VC, FEV1.0, peak flow significantly decreased, and MMF, V50 and V25 tended to decrease in the patients without pleurotomy. Moreover, magnitude of change of pulmonary function from pre- to postoperative period were not different significantly among three subgroups. In conclusions pleurotomy itself didn't appear to influence postoperative morbidity.
Coronary Artery Bypass↗