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A Menotti

Publications and source records attributed to A Menotti.

270 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
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Short-term all-cause mortality and its determinants in elderly male populations in Finland, The Netherlands, and Italy: the FINE Study. Finland, Italy, Netherlands Elderly Study.

BACKGROUND: This study aims at identifying determinants of all-cause mortality in elderly populations of different countries. METHODS: Men ages 65-84 years from defined administrative areas were enrolled in Finland (rural areas of east and west Finland; N = 693), in the Netherlands (the town of Zutphen; N = 851), and in Italy (the rural areas of Crevalcore and Montegiorgio; N = 682). They were survivors of cohorts studies for 25 years within the Seven Countries Study with the addition of a subgroup of the same ages in the Netherlands. RESULTS: Five-year death rates from all causes were higher in Finland (297 per 1000), intermediate in the Netherlands (231 per 1000), and lower in Italy (191 per 1000). Five-year all-cause mortality was studied in relation to measurements taken at entry (age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and HDL cholesterol, body mass index, heart rate, smoking habits, and presence of coronary heart disease manifestations). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed (in the latter models, both linear and quadratic terms were used for most variables) with all-cause mortality as endpoint. Results suggested significant predictive power of age (direct relationship) and, in most cases, U-shaped relationships of risk factors to mortality. Non-HDL cholesterol showed significant relationships with mortality in Finland and the Netherlands, HDL cholesterol in all three countries, systolic blood pressure only in Finland, body mass index in Finland and the Netherlands, smoking habits only in Finland, and heart rate in none. Levels of risk factors associated with the lowest death rate in the pool of all countries were 183.3 mg/dl for non-HDL cholesterol, 59.8 for HDL cholesterol, 177.5 mm Hg for blood pressure, and 30.2 kg/m square for body mass index. CONCLUSIONS: In these elderly men the association of traditional risk factors with all-cause mortality is reduced, U-shaped, or even inverted. This is probably due to selection due to previous mortality, to comorbidity, and to changes in homeostatic mechanisms.

Aged↗
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The relationship of total serum cholesterol to coronary heart disease in older men. The Italian rural areas of the Seven Countries Study.

The relationship of serum cholesterol to the development of major coronary events (CHD) was studied in Italian rural cohorts of adult men aged 40-59 (n = 1672) and of older men aged 65-79 (n = 752) followed up for 5 years. In adult men both univariate and multivariate analysis (the latter with 4 or 5 covariates fed into the Cox model) showed a direct and significant relationship of cholesterol to CHD. In older men the univariate analysis confirmed a direct and significant relationship; for the multivariate analysis none of the considered factors was significantly predictive.

Adult↗
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Predictive value of sequential testing in screening for silent myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic middle-aged men (the ECCIS Project).

The accuracy of sequential testing in the noninvasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease has been established in the symptomatic clinical populations, while little is known about its value when applied to low prevalence groups, such as totally asymptomatic men. To evaluate the accuracy of noninvasive sequential testing in the diagnosis of silent myocardial ischemia, data were collected from exercise electrocardiogram, 201Tl perfusion scintigraphy and radionuclide angiography for 62 totally asymptomatic middle-aged men who underwent coronary arteriography because they were positive for two or more markers of myocardial ischemia as determined by a diagnostic screening of a nonbiased population consisting of 4,842 presumably healthy men aged 40-59 years (the ECCIS Project). The predictive value of serial testing procedures for significant coronary artery obstruction was 35%. Predictive values of an abnormal electrocardiogram associated with either an abnormal 201Tl scintigram, an abnormal isotopic ventriculography, or both were 33, 38 and 31%, respectively. In asymptomatic middle-aged men, there is at least a 50% likelihood that an abnormal radionuclide test is a false-positive result, and the positive predictive value is not enhanced by the concordance of an abnormal 201Tl scintigraphy with an abnormal isotopic ventriculography. Thus, the application of noninvasive sequential testing in screening for asymptomatic coronary artery disease is limited by its low predictive value in accordance with the Bayesian probability theory.

Adult↗
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[Various comparative data on the distribution of arterial pressure and on the prevalence of arterial hypertension in samples of the Italian population].

After a foreword concerning the present interest for the epidemiology of arterial hypertension mainly in relationship with the prevalence of the condition, its recognition in the general population and its systematic treatment, three separate chapters show the distribution of arterial blood pressure, its mean values and the prevalence of hypertension collected by three research groups: the Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, St. Camillo Hospital, Rome, with 8 population groups (6929 subjects of whom 447 women, aged 20 to 64, belonging to the city of Rome and to other locations of 5 different regions); the II Medical Clinic, University of Padua, with 2 population groups (5852 men and women aged 20-64, belonging to a defined area of Veneto); the Research Group of the Roman Project of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, with 2 population groups (2611 men aged 40-59, from Rome). The data provide a description of some characteristics of blood pressure and hypertension in different Italian areas and population groups and show the existence of large differences in the mean values of blood pressure and in the prevalence of hypertension, also within the country.

Adult↗
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An Italian chart for cardiovascular risk prediction. Its scientific basis.

A risk chart for primary prediction of major coronary and cerebrovascular events based on Italian population data was created. Material from three Italian population studies was available: the Italian Rural Areas of the Seven Countries Study (no. 1712), the Gubbio Study (no. 3061) and the ECCIS Study (no. 4998) for a total of 9771 men and women aged 35 to 74 years and followed-up from 5 to 15 years, for a total of over 55,000 person/years. Sex, age, diabetes, cigarette smoking, systolic blood pressure and serum cholesterol were selected as risk factors, while the endpoint was established as the occurrence of the first major coronary or cerebrovascular event in 10 years. The accelerated failure time model was used as the predictive model. Two models were adopted, i.e., for relatively younger subjects (45-59 years) and for relatively older subjects (60-74 years). Both produced highly significant coefficients for each of the selected risk factors. The two models carried a satisfactory discriminating power, with 40% to more than 50% of all events located in the upper quintile of the estimated risk. Sex, age (6 classes), diabetes, cigarette smoking (4 classes), systolic blood pressure (4 classes) and serum cholesterol (5 classes) were considered for the creation of a risk map derived from multivariate models. A total of 1920 cells were filled with different colors corresponding to 6 classes of absolute risk. A similar set of cells was filled with another color scale for the estimate of the relative risk versus subjects of the same age and sex carrying Italian mean levels of risk factors. The chart is being distributed to the Italian medical profession as a practical tool to select high-risk individuals for the primary prevention of major cardiovascular diseases.

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[Respiratory function and cardiovascular risk factors. Research Group for the Integrated Community Control of Chronic-degenerative diseases in the Health District of Sezze -- Di.S.Co. -- Observational strategy to assess the community health status].

Within the Project Community Control of Chronic Diseases in the Health District of Sezze-Di.S.Co.-2940 men, aged 20-69 were examined between 1984 and 1987, and a pulmonary function test was performed together with the measurement of a number of cardiovascular risk factors. Blood tests, blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, ECG, spirometry and a questionnaire on life-style and diseases were available. The aim of this paper was to describe pulmonary function tests and to study their association with cardiovascular risk factors. Vital capacity (CV) and forced expiratory volume in one second (VEMS), adjusted by height were inversely related with age. Main cardiovascular risk factors were analysed in tertiles of CV and VEMS: fasting blood glucose, serum cholesterol, uric acid, haematocrit, diastolic blood pressure, number of cigarettes per day decreased going from the first to the third tertile, whilst HLD-cholesterol and alcohol consumption increased. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed an inverse relation of CV and VEMS with age, fasting blood glucose, number of cigarettes smoked per day, uric acid, heart rate, skinfold thickness whilst alcohol consumption and weight were inversely related. The models explained between 52% (VC) to 57% (VEMS) of the variance.

Adult↗
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International comparison of awareness and attitudes towards coronary risk factor reduction: the HELP study. Heart European Leaders Panel.

BACKGROUND: An international survey was conducted to assess public awareness and attitudes to coronary heart disease and to establish the frequency with which certain health-related behaviours are practised in five European countries. METHODS: Members of the general public (n=5013), individuals at increased risk of coronary disease (n=2500), patients who had suffered a myocardial infarction (n=1256) and members of their families (n=1249) were interviewed in a study conducted in France, Germany, Italy, Sweden and the UK. Questions were asked about respondents' attitudes to their health and about their current health practices. RESULTS: The survey revealed a considerable degree of indifference to coronary heart disease, despite the possession of a reasonable level of knowledge of the risks involved, even among patients who had suffered a myocardial infarction. At the same time, respondents declared themselves satisfied with the quality of advice about coronary health that they obtained from the medical profession and regarded these sources of information as highly credible. Media health campaigns, by contrast, had comparatively little impact. CONCLUSION: A survey of five European countries shows that individuals possess reasonable levels of knowledge about coronary heart disease. They also have access to sources of heart health information that are perceived as highly credible. Nonetheless, such information has a very limited impact on their practice of health-related behaviours.

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