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Biomedical subjects

A McDonald

Publications and source records attributed to A McDonald.

161 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1970

Practolol in treatment of supraventricular cardiac dysrhythmias.

Practolol (I.C.I. 50172) was used to treat supraventricular dysrhythmias in 32 patients with a rapid ventricular rate and with heart disease of varied aetiology. In 26 patients the average reduction in ventricular rate was 75 per minute, while immediate reversion to sinus rhythm occurred in three patients. The slowing effect was mainly due to a direct action on the atrioventricular node. The effectiveness of practolol was unrelated to the type of dysrhythmia or its aetiology. No serious adverse clinical effects were noted.

Acetanilides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy and safety of an over-the-counter transdermal nicotine patch as an aid for smoking cessation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a transdermal nicotine patch as an aid for smoking cessation in an over-the-counter setting. DESIGN: Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 6-week duration with 18 weeks of follow-up. SETTING: Four shopping mall precincts. PARTICIPANTS: The randomized sample consisted of 802 adults (mean age, 39 years) and was 89% white and 54% female. A smoking history of at least 20 cigarettes per day for 1 year and a score of 5 (on a 10-point scale) on a motivational assessment questionnaire were required for enrollment. Poststudy follow-up was limited to those who had quit smoking at the end of 6 weeks. INTERVENTION: Nicotine patches were provided at the shopping mall. Guidance consisted only of package instructions and a smoking cessation self-help booklet. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Quit rates were defined as total abstinence from smoking for 4 consecutive weeks (treatment weeks 3-6), point prevalence smoking status at week 6, or nonsmoker at week 6 and week 24 (6-month postquit date). Smoking status was assessed by diaries, and verification for the first 2 quit rates was obtained by confirmation of carbon monoxide of 8 ppm or less in expired breath. Safety was evaluated by self-reported adverse events. RESULTS: Quit rate was 12% for the active treatment group and 5.5% for the placebo group, based on total abstinence for 4 consecutive weeks (P = .001) compared with quit rates of 19.5% and 7.5% for active treatment and placebo groups, respectively, based on point prevalence data at week 6. At 24 weeks, 8.2% of nonsmokers in the active treatment group and 4.0% in the placebo group remained nonsmokers. At least 1 adverse event was reported by 57% receiving the nicotine patch and 39% receiving placebo (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: When the nicotine patch was used in an over-the-counter setting, quit rates were comparable to those reported for medical settings. A 2:1 quit rate advantage was achieved at week 6 and was maintained at 24 weeks.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Community participation within an Irish Health Board area.

This article gives a brief analysis of the concept of community participation followed by an account of a small study exploring the views and practices of two populations. Public health nurses have implemented their 'community as client' role and under favourable conditions would wish to develop further this aspect of their work. Women in the community are aware of the primary healthcare services available to them and as demonstrated by their comments have a holistic understanding of health. The study shows that both public health nurses and women in the community are interested and willing to take part in actions to improve health and welfare. Before genuine community partnership is developed a more defined leadership role which incorporates the skills of both community empowerment and community organization is needed.

Community Participation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carry on matron.

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Administrative Personnel↗