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Biomedical subjects

A Martini

Publications and source records attributed to A Martini.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Receptors for peanut agglutinin on a high percentage of human cord-blood lymphocytes: phenotype characterization of peanut-positive cells.

The results of this study show that a high percentage of human cord-blood lymphocytes bears receptors for peanut agglutinin. Determination of the presence of other lymphocyte markers (E rosettes, membrane immunoglobulins, alpha-naphthyl-acetate esterase, Ia antigens) in the peanut-positive cells indicated that they include both T and B cells. The peanut receptor, also expressed by blast cells of most acute, but not chronic, leukemias, seems to be a marker of immaturity for both T- and B-lymphocyte subsets in man as it is in the mouse.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Multiple serum inhibitors of lectin-induced lymphocyte proliferation in nephrotic syndrome.

Inhibitory activity on PHA- and Con A-induced lymphocyte proliferation was observed in the serum of 29 patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS); this inhibitory activity was present both in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS; 18 patients) and in NS due to other glomerulopathies (11 patients). In order to characterize the inhibitory activity, peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal donors were stimulated with various concentrations of Con A in culture medium supplemented with: (1) 20% SSNS serum, (2) various concentrations (1, 5 and 20%) of either SSNS serum or normal human serum (NHS) and (3) 20% of a serum prepared by mixing different proportions of SSNS and NHS. The results suggest that the inhibitory activity is due to at least two different factors: (a) inhibitor(s) acting competitively with the lectin Con A, and (b) inhibitor(s) neutralized by factor(s) present in NHS. A disturbance in the normal equilibrium between inhibiting and enhancing factors which results in overall inhibition might well be a consequence of the marked alteration in serum proteins characteristic of NS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Preliminary clinical experience with 4-epidoxorubicin in advanced human neoplasia.

4'-Epidoxorubicin (epi-DXR) was tested in 56 patients with various types of advanced malignancies. The pattern of acute toxicity was similar to that of doxorubicin (DXR), but epi-DXR produced a lower incidence of vomiting, stomatitis, alopecia, and myelosuppression. The study of cardiac toxicity, utilizing only noninvasive methods, indicated that epi-DXR also is cardiotoxic. The increase in the systolic time intervals after the first dose as well as after cumulative doses was slightly lower compared with that observed after DXR. Antitumor activity occurred in a variety of tumors including malignant melanoma, renal cancer, and rectal cancer, which are refractory to DXR. Present results suggest that further studies with epi-DXR are indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Motion sickness and space sickness: clinical and experimental findings.

Vertigo in motion sickness forms a clear clinical picture. We can confirm that complex symptoms are due to abnormal stimulations of labyrinth receptors subsequent to simultaneous multi-plane angular accelerations. This labyrinth stimulation originates from Coriolis' complementary accelerations. The seriousness of kinetosis symptoms can vary according to different causes; level of labyrinth stimulation, subject's constitution, psychological and physical conditions and whether or not the subject is accustomed to kinetic stimulations. Space sickness shows similar symptoms and similar psychological mechanisms. Recent space experiences have shown that disturbances due to acceleration sickness vary according to labyrinth receptor adaptability to kinetic stimulations in space. In a clinical and experimental study, we investigated the importance of the spacial plane, in which the head movement occurs, in causing the greatest reactions due to Coriolis' complementary accelerations in man. A close relationship between nystagmic responses and the level of endolymphatic shifting in each canal was observed and studied with the help of mathematical models.

Ear, Inner↗
PubMed1980

Immunodeficiency in Down's syndrome: low levels of serum thymic factor in trisomic children.

The activity of thymus-dependent serum factor SF was significantly lower in 18 children wit Down's syndrome (DS) than in 14 matched controls. The percentage of circulating T lymphocytes forming E-rosettes was also low in DS. Together with the previous finding of immature of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood, the present data suggest that the basic immune defect of DS is failure in differentiation of peripheral post-thymic precursors to fully immunocompetent T lymphocytes resulting from lack of thymic hormonal factors.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of antihemorrhagic activity of V. F.

In the prophylaxis of surgical interventions performed in the Dental Clinic for dental avulsions under general anesthesia, the V. F. (peptides deriving from the enzymatic degradation of bovine Factor VIII) has been shown to be particularly active in the reduction of the quantity of blood lost per tooth, corresponding to a reduction in blood loss of an average of 40% to 45%. The "double blind" experiment confirmed a significant hemostatic capacity of the preparation. V. F. in extremely small doses (1 mg/day) divided into two daily, oral administrations, isn't toxic, isn't habit forming and doesn't provoke immunological reactions. On the basis of its positive characteristics (diminution of blood lost without alteration of the parameters of coagulation or platelet aggregation), V. F. seems to be the preparation of choice for the treatment of hemorrhagic diathesis not accompanied by coagulation defect, and also as a preventive measure in minor surgical interventions where small vessels are involved and hemostasis cannot be achieved surgically.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1979

Preliminary phase I study of 4'-epi-adriamycin.

A phase I study of 4'-epi-Adriamycin (4'-epi-ADM) was performed in 22 patients with various types of advanced solid tumors. Very preliminary results would indicate that the drug produces a pattern of acute toxicity which is similar to that of Adriamycin. However, the incidence of vomiting, alopecia, and marrow suppression was less pronounced than that of Adriamycin. 4'-Epi-ADM prolonged the systolic time interval, although no patient presented clinical signs of cardiotoxicity. Two patients with renal carcinoma and malignant melanoma showed objective improvement. Present results suggest that further clinical studies with 4'-epi-ADM are indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Draft of a detailed total hand evaluation status (author's transl)].

In a comprehensive study dealing with the function of the hand and its impariment, difficulties are encountered owing to the lack of a standardised method of estimating the findings. Consequently, even until the present time, it has not proved possible to obtain a precise documentation and assessment, or to obtain comparable results. A hand examination form has been produced and presented for discussion, with the aim of standardising, and thus improving, the report of findings.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1978

The fate of concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes in the spleens of recipient mice.

The fate of mouse spleen cells, stimulated with Concanavalin (Con A) and labelled with [3H] thymidine in culture, has been followed after transfer into recipients, syngeneic to the cell donors. The labelled cells, localizing in the spleen, were found mainly in the white pulp in both germinal centre and periarteriolar sheath areas. The number of cells with labelled nuclei found in the spleens of recipients was much greater than could be accounted for simply on the basis of the radioactivity present. Using donor cells, whose DNA had been substituted with bromodeoxyuridine (BUdr) in sufficient amounts to increase its buoyant density, it was concluded that redistribution of label rather than cell division was responsible for this increase of labelled nuclei. In addition to these findings, the spleens of recipient mice showed evidence of a vigorous immunological response to the donor cells, very similar to that following injection of an antigen such as sheep red cells. These results show that caution must be exercised in interpreting the results of transfer of lymphocytes into recipients, even when a highly stable molecule such as DNA contains the radioactively-labelled material such as [3H] thymidine.

Animals↗