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Biomedical subjects

A Martelli

Publications and source records attributed to A Martelli.

203 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[(Negative) CT findings in subjects with ischaemic strokes (author's transl)].

50 subjects who had one or several ischaemic attacks without detectable attenuation area in the CT scan were examined. CT findings grouped as follows: normal, cortical generalized atrophy and cortical localized atrophy with or without ventricular or cysternal enlargement, diffuse cortical and ventricular atrophy. The relationships between CT scan, clinical evolution, number of ischaemic attacks and predisposing risk factors were also considered. The mainly morphological value of CT and the limited dynamic and functional aspects of this technique are emphasized in agreement with other authors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[CT findings in chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency (author's transl)].

CT examination in 100 patients affected by chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency showed a normal picture in 16 cases, while 84 subjects showed different degrees of atrophy, generalised and focal, controlateral or sometime omolateral to the infarct, with differing patterns. The mean age of subjects with normal CT was significantly lower in comparison with patients with definite atrophy. Besides the neurological picture and the time course, the patients' psychiatric status was also assessed: no definite relationship seems to exist between psychiatric disturbances and brain atrophy. Pseudobulbar syndrome was found in 46 cases and many of them showed cortical and mainly ventricular atrophy. This picture was very seldom found in patients with vertebro-basilar insufficiency. Localised cortical atrophy, on the contrary, was often associated with ischaemic stroke. The incidence of predisposing risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus or high lipid levels) was greater in subjects with brain atrophy and older age than in patients with normal CT scan.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ataxia-telangiectasia: MR and CT findings.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to describe the neuroradiologic features of 12 patients with ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), a degenerative multisystemic autosomal recessive hereditary disorder with onset in childhood. Clinical features include cerebellar ataxia, oculocutaneous telangiectasias, and recurrent bronchopulmonary infections. Patients present varying states of immunodeficiency and a high incidence of neoplasms. Chromosomal instability with a rearrangement of chromosomes 7 and 14 is always present. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We describe the neuroradiological findings (10 MR and 2 CT) in 12 subjects: 11 with A-T and 1 heterozygote parent. RESULTS: The images revealed a diffuse cerebellar atrophy, with marked involvement of the vermis and unusual decreased thickness of the superior cortex of the cerebellar hemispheres. Hypoplasia of the inferior vermis and a large cisterna magna were also frequent signs. CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance is the technique of choice in this type of disorder since it permits better visualization of the posterior fossa structures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary human and rat hepatocytes in genotoxicity assessment.

Primary cultures of human hepatocytes obtained from liver fragments discarded during prescribed surgery represent a reliable experimental model that provides direct information on the genotoxic effects caused by parent chemicals and their reactive metabolites. A comparison between data so far obtained with the DNA repair induction (UDS) test in human and rat liver cells is presented. Fourteen of the 44 compounds tested were inactive in both species; the man/rat ratio of the 30 active compounds ranged from 0.21 to 3.14. Chloramphenicol induced UDS only in human hepatocytes, while cimetidine, tripelennamine and four n-alkanals caused DNA repair only in rat cells. Three synthetic progestins induced UDS in female, but not in male rats, while they were positive in human cells of donors of both genders. Primary human hepatocytes would seem to be an important model in the study of differences in species sensitivity to xenobiotics.

Adult↗