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Biomedical subjects

A Marks

Publications and source records attributed to A Marks.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Induction of cytotoxic factors by immunization of mice with Freund's adjuvant components.

Antiidiotypic antibody (AIA) was raised in mice by immunization with MOPC 315 immunoglobulin A emulsified in Freund's adjuvant (FA). The antibody content of mouse serum was assessed by (a) its ability to inhibit rosetting of 2,4,6-trinitro-phenyl-sheep red blood cells around MOPC 315 myeloma cells, and (b) by a solid phase antigen-binding plate assay based on reactivity with 125I-Protein A and inhibition in the presence of dinitrophenyl aminocaproic acid. FA was necessary for the production of AIA to MOPC 315 immunoglobulin A. Some of the AIA-containing mouse sera were cytotoxic for MOPC 315 cells in the presence of guinea pig complement. However, cytotoxicity was not correlated with amount of AIA, as assessed by inhibition of rosette formation, nor was it specific for myeloma cells bearing the MOPC 315 idiotype. Furthermore, cytotoxicity could also be generated by immunization of mice with complete Freund's adjuvant, incomplete Freund's adjuvant, or the muramyl dipeptide portion of mycobacteria, all in the absence of MOPC 315 immunoglobulin A. Therefore, the complement-dependent cytotoxic antibodies in the AIA-containing antisera, which belonged to the immunoglobulin G and M classes, were likely directed against some component of FA. Myeloma cells which were not killed by anti-FA antiserum, as assessed by dye exclusion, were inhibited in their ability to secrete immunoglobulin and to form clones in agar.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1980

Juvenile detention: another boundary issue for physicians.

It is estimated that there are 500,000 youngsters in detention in the United States per year. Detention facilities offer a unique environment in which adolescents at high risk for medical problems can be identified and treated. A health care program within the secure juvenile detention facility for New York is described in order to demonstrate how an academic medical center can effect improvement in the health status of underserved, incarcerated youth while meeting professional educational objectives for health trainees. Results of medical services are given for the past 11 years. Medical problems were diagnosed in 46% of the 47,288 adolescents examined. The conditions were grouped into those related to the legal status of the youngsters, socioeconomic background, and/or the institutional setting. The interrelationship of medical conditions with legal, ethical, and youth advocacy issues were demonstrated. The setting affords on opportunity to train primary care physicians with special emphasis on issues such as the nature of the doctor-patient relationship, confidentiality, and patient advocacy, while providing a necessary service to medically disadvantaged adolescents.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1979

Management of the suicidal adolescent on a nonpsychiatric adolescent unit.

Suicide attempts by adolescents far outnumber suicide fatalities, yet there is lack of agreement regarding the optimal approach to their immediate care. Since 1968, we have admitted all such patients to a general adolescent in-patient unit. A review of the first 100 admissions of adolescents who had attempted suicide was undertaken to determine the safety, economy, and efficacy of this practice. During an average six-day hospitalization, 12 patients required constant nursing observation for more than one day, and six received tranquilizers. No major disruption on the unit, suicide attempts, or self-abusive acts occurred. Twelve patients required subsequent transfer to in-patient psychiatric facilities because of on-going suicidal ideation or psychosis or both. Hospitalization on a general unit for adolescent survivors of suicide attempts is safe, usually adds minimal cost to ordinary hospital care, permits meticulous medical attention for poisoning, and provides a stabilizing influence following a major life crisis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Asymptomatic gonorrhea: prevalence in a population of urban adolescents.

During a 12-month period, 2,672 sexually active youths, 12 to 16 years of age, had genital bacteriologic cultures for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Anterior urethral cultures were obtained from 2,098 males of whom 2,064 had no symptoms or signs of genitourinary disease. Forty cultures (1.9%) were positive for gonorrhea. Of 574 females, 374 were asymptomatic and 26 (7.0%) had positive gonorrhea cultures from the cervix. Since adolescent boys are more likely to be sexual adventurers, the 1.9% carrier rate represents an important reservoir of gonorrhea and equal in importance to that found in the asymptomatic adolescent girl.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Succinyl concanavalin A stimulates and antimicrotubular drugs inhibit the synthesis of a brain-specific protein in rat glial cells.

The relative synthesis of the brain-specific s100 protein increased as clonal rat glial cells, C6, progressed from logarithmic to stationary growth in monolayer culture. Drugs that disrupt microtubules, such as colchicine, vinblastine, Colcemid, and podophyllotoxin, inhibited the relative synthesis of S100 protein in stationary cultures. Colchicine (0.1 muM) caused a 50% inhibition of the relative synthesis of S100 protein whereas lumicolchicine,an isomer of colchicine that does not disrupt the microtubular system, had no effect. Succinylated concanavalin A (500 mug/ml) increased relative synthesis in logarithmic but not stationary cultures. These results suggest that signals inducing an increase in the relative synthesis of S100 protein in stationary cultures are transmitted intracellularly from the cell membrane by the microtubular network.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1977

Regulation of synthesis of a brain-specific protein in monolayer cultures of clonal rat glial cells.

C6 cells were grown in monolayer culture under conditions permitting continued exponential cell division after attainment of a density at which extensive intercellular contacts were formed. An increase in the relative synthesis of S100 protein coincided with the time of formation of extensive intercellular contacts and preceded the onset of the stationary phase of growth by three generations. These observations suggested that the induction of S100 protein synthesis was mediated by cell contact and not by an arrest of cellular growth. The mechanism of this induction was first studied in a homologous non-initiating cell-free protein-synthesizing system from C6 cells, using fixed amounts of free amino acids or fully charged rat liver aminoacyl-tRNA as a source of precursors for protein synthesis. Real synthesis of total soluble proteins decreased as the cells progressed from logarithmic to stationary growth while synthesis of S100 protein increased during this period. The capacity of poly(A)+ RNA from logarithmic and stationary cultures to direct the synthesis of S100 protein was estimated in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system derived from wheat embryos. Increased synthesis of S100 protein in stationary cultures was directly correlated with an increase in translatable S100 protein mRNA.

Brain↗
PubMed1977

Learning child psychiatry skills on the adult inpatient service.

Integration of child psychiatry training into general psychiatric residency programs is often unsuccessful. The authors describe an innovative model of training in child psychiatry that involves the children of adult inpatients. This model offers several advantages: splitting of child-adult psychiatric training is avoided, child diagnostic and evaluative skills tend to be learned rapidly, preventive orientations develop, and family process is both learned and used. Preliminary experience with this model on two inpatient services suggests that it is both didactically effective and economical in child psychiatry staff hours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Synthesis of the brain-specific S-100 protein in a cell-free system from wheat embryo programmed with poly(A)-containing RNA from rabbit brain.

Polyadenylated polysomal RNA was prepared from rabbit cerebral hemispheres using phenol extraction and chromatography on oligo(dT)-cellulose. This RNA directed the synthesis of the brain-specific S-100 protein in cell-free extracts from wheat embryo. S-100 protein was absent from the products of endogenous incorporation and from a reaction programmed with kidney mRNA. These results suggest that S-100 protein mRNA contains a poly(adenylic acid) sequence and rule out the necessity of a brain-specific factor for translation of -S100 protein mRNA.

Animals↗