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Biomedical subjects

A Marini

Publications and source records attributed to A Marini.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Acute changes of the mechanical function of the ischaemic left ventricle by sublingual nifedipine (author's transl)].

In 20 patients, who had undergone a routine cardiac catheterization for the evaluation of anginal syndrome, some parameters of mechanical function of left ventricle (LV) were evaluated before and after left ventriculography was performed. Then, the same parameters were also measured, in identical technical conditions, after the administration of 20 mg of sublingual nifedipine (NIF). After NIF a significant decrease (P < 0.01) in left ventricular systolic and diastolic pressure, aortic diastolic pressure and left ventricular enddiastolic and endsystolic volumes was observed; while, heart rate, dP/dt max, stroke volume and ejection fraction were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Evaluation of LV segmental wall motion, after NIF, revealed no changes of wall motion in normal areas or in those with akinesis or dyskinesis; while, 68% of the areas with slight hypokinesis and 55% of those with severe hypokinesis were significantly improved after NIF (P < 0.005). Thus, we concluded that NIF does not cause a depression of LV mechanical function. The improvement of LV wall motion displayed by the areas with a transitory ischemic damage could be attributed to the reduction in preload and, more significantly, in afterload induced by NIF.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Kinetics and efficacy of theophylline in the treatment of apnea in the premature newborn.

Aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) was administered to 27 premature newborns to prevent apneic spells. Of the 22 patients monitored for theophylline concentration, a therapeutic blood level was reached in 19 in 1--2 days, and 3 stayed below it. "Toxic" blood levels (less than or equal to 20 microgram/ml) were reached in 3 cases, one of whom showed signs of toxicity. Theophylline treatment was not efficient in the prevention of apnea when a serious underlying disease was present. Theophylline blood half-life (mean:27.0 h) and clearance (mean 12.9 ml/h/kg) confirmed the slow elimination pattern of the drug in the premature infant.

Apnea↗
PubMed1978

Tissues concentration and excretion of deslanatoside C-3H in newborn and growing rabbits.

Deslanatoside C-3H was injected (i.p. 50 microgram/kg) into rabbits of 1, 4, 10, 20 days and more than 1 year old. The rabbits were sacrificed 2 and 6 h after dosing. Levels in all tissues were higher in newborn rabbits, decreased in the older animals and then in most tissues increased in adults to different degrees, showing the highest values in kidneys. Biliary excretion and above all urinary excretion increased with age. Levels in atria, ventricles, aorta and liver in rabbits 1 and 4 days old were consistently higher at the 6th h than those at the 2nd h, these tissues showing a particularly marked avidity with Deslanatoside C; in the older animals this behaviour was reversed. These data and those of other Authors working on other glycosides (incleding Digoxin) and other species (including newborn children) lead to the conclusion that digitalis glycosides in new born species are excreted at a lower rate and incorporated in the body tissues at a higher rate than in adults. They may also in part explain the large dosages employed in human infants in comparison with adults, as the higher distribtuion volume retains a large amount of the injected glycoside.

Aging↗
PubMed1977

Gentamicin dosage in preterm and term neonates.

Pre-dose and peak serum levels of gentamicin were measured in 82 neonates (25-42 weeks' gestational age), and for comparison in 10 infants and 9 children. Dosage was 2-2.5 mg/kg twice daily for the neonates, and three times daily for infants and children. Neonates were subdivided according to gestational age and weight. Serum levels of gentamicin were very variable in all groups. Preterm neonates of low gestational age (25-30 weeks) showed a 66% incidence of pre-dose levels exceeding 1 microgram/ml, indicating possible accumulation. In the less premature neonates this incidence was still 20-29%. The level of 4 microgram/ml, the minimum concentration required to inhibit most of the bacteria sensitive to gentamicin, was reached in increasing numbers of neonates as their gestational age rose (from 30% in the 31- to 35-week gestational age group, to 60% at term); those small-for-gestational age had consistently lower levels. It is concluded that term neonates require dosage to be individualized and serum levels of the drug to be monitored.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1976

[Correlation between results of bicycle stress test and coronaric arteriography. Study of 153 patients (author's transl)].

In 153 patients the results of bicycle stress test were compared with data obtained from coronaric arteriography. There were corresponding results from both tests in most cases. There are other discrepancies which cannot be explained by defining the stress test as "unspecific" or "not very sensitive". In fact, each time, time differences can be referred, besides method limits, to particular physio-pathological stages of the coronaric disease (collateral circulation, Prinzmetal angina) or they can be considered completely independent of the coronaric disease (myocardial disease without coronaric disease, enzymatic defects; haemoglobinic alterations, etc.). The two tests have different indications, but they can also complementary information.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Morpho-functional changes of left ventricle produced by sublingual nitroglycerin (author's transl)].

Two successive left ventriculargraphs [in basal conditions and after Nitroglycerin (TNG)] were performed with the same technical procedures in 20 patients before coronary arteriography. End-diastolic and end-systolic volumes and ejection fraction were studied following Greene's modified method. Diastolic and systolic ventricular projected images were divided into four zones and their variations were evaluated after TNG. Two patients did not show any significant abnormality (pseudoangor); two others suffered from cardiomyopathy (myocardosis) with mitral regurgitation and no coronary artery disease; two had restrictive cardiomyopathy. Fourteen had a coronary artery disease: seven of them had signs of end-systolic mitral regurgitation. End-diastolic and end-systolic volumes decreased and ejection fraction increased after TNG in all of these cases except in the two suffering from cardiomyopathy (ESV increased and EF decreased). Mitral regurgitation disappeared in all of them. In patients with coronary artery disease and mitral regurgitation the volume variations were slighter, and the increase of EF was larger than in the other cases. Finally, a decrease in asynergic and hypokinetc zones was observed, whereas no variations were seen in diskinetic zones. TNG can improve left ventricular kinetics by decreasing the pre-load, the after-load and myocardial oxygen consumption. Demonstration of this improvement could be of prognostic value.

Administration, Oral↗