Pre-operative nutritional support for patients with oesophageal cancer.
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Enteral Nutrition↗
Biomedical subjects
A Mannell
Publications and source records attributed to A Mannell.
A suction-abrasive cytology tube for the diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma.
A simple, easily constructed, and inexpensive suction-abrasive cytology tube was developed to study esophageal cytology. The reliability of this method for the diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma was evaluated in 101 patients. Of 47 patients with esophageal carcinoma, 93% were diagnosed correctly on exfoliative cytology. There were no false diagnoses of cancer. The cytology tube was well tolerated by all patients and provided a rapid and reliable method of diagnosis. As a screening procedure, this method may be applicable for widespread use to detect early esophageal cancer in high-risk populations.
Adult↗
Carcinoma of the esophagus.
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Esophageal Neoplasms↗
The Kirschner operation for cancer of the oesophagus.
In 1920 Kirschner described an operation to bypass oesophageal strictures. In this operation the stomach is brought to the neck by the subcutaneous route and the fundus anastomosed to the proximal end of the divided cervical oesophagus. The distal cervical oesophagus is closed and the intra-abdominal oesophagus is drained into a Roux-en-Y loop of jejunum. This paper reports the performance of this operation on 15 African patients with carcinoma of the oesophagus invading the tracheobronchial tree. There were no operative deaths and all the patients could eat a normal diet after the operation. Ten patients also received radiation therapy to the tumour. The technique of the operation and the late results of treatment are discussed.
Adult↗
The dangers of oesophageal intubation in the management of corrosive strictures of the oesophagus. Case reports.
Two patients with established corrosive strictures of the oesophagus managed by oesophageal intubation are reported. In both patients intubation of the oesophagus led to serious complications necessitating major oesophageal surgery.
Adult↗
Pharyngeal reconstruction after pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy in African patients.
Six African patients with squamous cancer of the laryngopharynx underwent pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy. Transposition of the stomach to the neck was the method selected for reconstruction of the pharynx. The operative technique and results of this method of pharyngeal reconstruction are discussed. Pharyngogastric anastomosis is compared to other methods of pharyngeal reconstruction.
Adult↗
Cystadenoma of the pancreas: report of a case diagnosed by endoscopic retrograde pancreatography.
The first case of a cystadenoma of the pancreas occurring in an African patient is reported. cystadenoma of the pancreas is a rare tumour. It should be suspected when a patient presents with a pancreatic cyst but without a history of pancreatitis, alcoholism or abdominal trauma. Estimation of the serum amylase level, selective coeliac and superior mesenteric arteriograms, and endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) are helpful in making the preoperative diagnosis. The ERP appearances in cystadenoma of the pancreas are described.
Adult↗
Pitfalls in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tuberculosis.
Gastrointestinal tuberculosis is difficult to diagnose since it mimics many other abdominal conditions and has protean manifestations. The disease can present as an abdominal mass, bowel perforation, Crohn's disease and dysentery. These presentations are discussed with representative cases to illustrate the diagnostic difficulties. It is emphasized that to obviate the diagnostic pitfalls, tuberculosis should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of unusual gastrointestinal presentations particularly because radiological and laboratory tests may be noncontributory.
Abdominal Neoplasms↗
Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum: a case report.
A case of leiomyosarcoma of the rectum is reported. Repeated biopsies of the tumour had failed to reveal evidence of malignancy. Only after radical excision of the rectum had been performed and the entire tumour had been submitted to histological examination was the clinical impression of malignancy confirmed. The difficulties in the histological differentiation of simple from malignant smooth-muscle tumours of the rectum are discussed. The clinical features on which a diagnosis of malignancy can be made are described.
Humans↗
Total oesophagectomy in black patients with cancer of the oesophagus.
Total three-stage oesophagectomy was performed in 24 Black patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the middle third of the oesophagus. The operative mortality rate was 4,2%. The factors which are important in the reduction of operative mortality and morbidity are discussed. Long-term results are not available for this series, but the early results of the operation were encouraging. All the patients who survived could subsequently eat a normal diet and most of those who were employed at the time of their illness were able to return to work.
Adult↗
Presternal gastric bypass for unresectable carcinoma of the thoracic oesophagus: a preliminary report.
Presternal gastric bypass was performed on 10 African patients with unresectable carcinoma of the thoracic oesophagus. Where the cancer involved the lower third of the thoracic oesophagus the oesophagus was simply excluded. However, for cancer of the upper and middle third of the thoracic oesophagus the additional step of Roux-en-Y jejunal anastomosis to the intra-abdominal oesophagus was performed to drain away oesophageal secretions from existing or imminent tracheo-oesophageal fistulas. No patient died as a result of the operation, and 9 out of 10 patients were able to eat normally afterwards. Presternal gastric bypass is compared with other methods of palliation for unresectable carcinoma of the thoracic oesophagus.
Adult↗
Crohn's disease of the oesophagus: a case report.
The first case of oesophageal Crohn's disease in a Black African is reported. Transmural chronic inflammatory changes with multiple intramural fistulous tracts were seen in the resected oesophagus of this patient, and these are characteristic features of Crohn's disease. The criteria for a diagnosis of Crohn's disease of the oesophagus are discussed.
Crohn Disease↗
The first symptoms of carcinoma of the oesophagus, with particular reference to amaqhakuva. A report from the Republic of Transkei.
The first symptoms of cancer of the oesophagus in 82 Xhosa patients were found to be dysphagia (43%), interscapular back pain (23%), sore throat (21%) and epigastric pain (11%). More than half of the patients in whom a sore throat was the first symptom of the disease described the simultaneous occurrence of oropharyngeal lesions (amaqhakuva). No correlation could be found between the first symptoms and the characteristics of the oesophageal carcinoma at the time of presentation.
Abdomen↗
Primary isolated extramedullary plasmacytoma of the duodenum.
The first case of primary isolated extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) of the duodenum is reported. The features which differentiate primary isolated EMPs from EMPs associated with multiple myeloma are discussed. The prognosis for a primary isolated EMP of the gastrointestinal tract is uncertain.
Aged↗
The management of knife wounds of the neck.
Eighteen cases of knife wounds of the neck are presented. Urgent operation was required in each case. Clinical assessment and resuscitation are discussed and a plan of management, with specific reference to major vascular injuries, is outlined. The operative approaches are described in detail. Methods of repair, results and complications are discussed.
Adult↗
Bile obstruction in hepatocellular carcinoma--visualization by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. A case report.
Extrahepatic biliary obstruction is a rare presentation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), only 31 cases having been reported in the literature. We describe a patient with extrahepatic biliary obstruction in whom endoscopic retrograde cholangiography was suggestive of cholangiocarcinoma. Laparotomy and subsequent investigation, however, confirmed HCC metastasizing to the common hepatic duct. The cholangiographic appearance of HCC involving extrahepatic bile ducts is emphasized and features differentiating it from cholangiocarcinoma are highlighted. Even though extrahepatic biliary obstruction in HCC is rare, this disorder should be considered in the differential diagnosis of obstructive biliary tract disease.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
The role of the gamma camera in the study of gastric function.
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Food↗
[The esophageal axis in the preoperative evaluation of the operability of cancer of the thoracic esophagus].
The length and the esophageal axis, studied by barium swallow, were examined in 30 patients with carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. All these patients underwent later esophageal resection. An histologic examination was performed in all cases and a correlation was established between these preoperative and postoperative parameters. We have noticed that the presence of abnormalities in the esophageal axis allowed us to predict that the cancer infiltrated markedly through the adventitia in 85.7% of cases. If a resection is performed in these cases, it cannot be a curative resection. On the opposite, when the axis showed no abnormality, 81.2% of the cancers were confined to the wall, permitting then a curative resection. Tumor length did not seem to be an adequate parameter on establishing the depth of infiltration in the esophageal wall. Finally there was no correlation between lymph node metastasis and depth of invasion.
Adult↗