[On the transplantation of murine splenic cells in homologous and isologous animals].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
A Mangiameli
Publications and source records attributed to A Mangiameli.
Comparison between gastric emptying of digestible and indigestible solids in diabetic patients.
We measured simultaneously gastric emptying of digestible and indigestible solids in 10 normal subjects and in 14 insulin-requiring diabetic patients. Our results demonstrate that in both diabetics and in controls the gastric emptying of digestible and indigestible solids occurs during the same phase of gastric motor activity, i.e. during the post-prandial period. However, gastric emptying of both digestible and indigestible solids is delayed in diabetic patients compared to controls.
Adult↗
Protective effect of carnosine during nitrosative stress in astroglial cell cultures.
Formation of nitric oxide by astrocytes has been suggested to contribute, via impairment of mitochondrial function, to the neurodegenerative process. Mitochondria under oxidative stress are thought to play a key role in various neurodegenerative disorders; therefore protection by antioxidants against oxidative stress to mitochondria may prove to be beneficial in delaying the onset or progression of these diseases. Carnosine has been recently proposed to act as antioxidant in vivo. In the present study, we demonstrate its neuroprotective effect in astrocytes exposed to LPS- and INFgamma-induced nitrosative stress. Carnosine protected against nitric oxide-induced impairment of mitochondrial function. This effect was associated with decreased formation of oxidatively modified proteins and with decreased up-regulation oxidative stress-responsive genes, such as Hsp32, Hsp70 and mt-SOD. Our results sustain the possibility that carnosine might have anti-ageing effects to brain cells under pathophysiological conditions leading to degenerative damage, such as aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
Animals↗
[The use of Dacron prostheses in laparoceles].
BACKGROUND: Purpose of the study was to evaluate indications and efficacy of Dacron prostheses in the treatment of incisional hernias. METHODS: The study has been carried out in a retrospective way; mean follow-up has been 20 months. Surgical setting has been the Institute of Emergency Surgery at the University of Catania, where about 500 abdominal operations are performed every year. Thirty patients affected by incisional hernias have been considered (mean age 66.8 years). In 12 patients the Mayo technique was performed, whereas a Dacron prosthesis was placed in 18 patients. Other than early postoperative complications, patients have been followed by periodical clinical exams in order to find out possible recurrences as well as other late complications. RESULTS: Among 18 patients treated with insertion of Dacron prosthesis no infection, recurrence, bowel fistula, haematoma or dislocation have been observed. Only in one case an intestinal occlusion secondary to adhesions between prosthesis and bowel has occurred; in this patient a new operation has been necessary to remove the prosthesis. CONCLUSIONS: Considering that prostheses have been used in large incisional hernias or in patients with a weak abdominal wall, the high successful percentage (94%) obtained suggests the use of Dacron prostheses which guarantee long stability and minimum risk of recurrences.
Abdominal Muscles↗
MR dacryocystography: comparison with dacryocystography and CT dacryocystography.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Several techniques have been used to image the nasolacrimal system, providing functional (dacryoscintigraphy) or morphologic (dacryocystography, CT dacryocystography [CTD]) information. Using gadopentetate dimeglumine-diluted solution injected into the lacrimal canaliculus or instilled into the conjunctival sac, we compared the sensitivity of MR dacryocystography (MRD) with that of CTD. METHODS: Eleven healthy volunteers and 25 patients affected by primary epiphora (21 patients) or postsurgical recurrent epiphora (four patients) underwent MRD after the topical administration of contrast media or cannulation of the lacrimal canaliculus. The MR imaging findings were compared with irrigation and CTD data. All patients underwent surgical treatment (dacryocystorhinostomy), which served as a standard of reference for confirming the MRD findings. RESULTS: The topical administration of contrast-enhanced saline solution and the injection of contrast-enhanced saline solution after cannulation were always well tolerated. In healthy volunteers, outflow of contrast media was always revealed by MRD. Eight (32%) of 25 patients with epiphora had stenosis proximal to the lacrimal sac revealed by MRD, whereas 17 (68%) of 25 showed a dilated lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct stenosis, as confirmed by surgical findings. The findings of MRD after the topical administration of contrast medium and MRD after cannulation of the lacrimal canaliculus were comparable with irrigation or CTD data for all patients except one. CONCLUSION: In patients with epiphora, MR imaging performed after the topical administration of diluted contrast material can reveal stenosis of the lacrimal apparatus and can be added to the standard orbital imaging protocol when lacrimal system involvement is suspected.
Constriction, Pathologic↗
[Erythropoietin and cisplatin-induced neuropathies in cancer patients].
Anaemia commonly occurs in cancer patients on chemotherapy, often necessitating blood transfusion, and, in most recent years, treatment with human recombinant cythropoietin (rHuEPO). However, several extra-hematological effects were reported for EPO, and multi-organ physiological effects on development and repair of tissues are described both on nerves and muscles. Moreover, EPO is presently used in oncological patients with the goal of preventing or limiting anemia secondary to chemotherapy. Ten patients with advanced lung cancer and without neurological impairment assessed by Siegal score and without severe anemia, were studied. Patients (age 56.2 +/- 8.3 years) were random assigned to two groups of 5 patients each: the control group and the EPO treated group. In both groups, at the end of the study, hemoglobin concentration was not different (above 9 mg/dl). In EPO treated group neurological score was 4.00 +/- 1.87, significantly lower (p < 0.004) in comparison with untreated group (score 9.20 +/- 4.32). From these preliminary data we suggest that EPO treatment in cancer patients can exert also a limiting effect on cisplatin peripheral neurotoxicity.
Adult↗
Common bile duct and sex, age and body mass index in normal humans: an ultrasonographic study.
A probable relationship between Common Bile Duct (CBD) size and sex, age and Body Mass Index (BMI) was investigated in healthy volunteers. Real-time ultrasonography was employed to visualize gallbladder and CBD. No change of CBD size related to sex and BMI was found. A significant increase of CBD related to age was recorded.
Adult↗
Non-ulcer dyspepsia.
Non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) includes functional forms, related to secretory and/or motor disorders, but also refers to forms with gastritis and/or duodenitis (erosive or not, Helicobacter pylori positive or not), as well as to idiopathic forms. NUD pathophysiology is multifactorial. Secretory abnormalities, H. pylori infection and in particular digestive and interdigestive disorders of gastrointestinal motility are often detected in NUD patients, but psychological, social and environmental factors can be also involved in NUD pathogenesis. With regard to symptom genesis, there is still no convincing evidence as to whether and to what extent pathogenetic factors have a causal relationship with dyspeptic symptoms. Upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy with biopsies and abdominal ultrasonography must be performed in patients over 45 years complaining of sudden symptoms, in patients under 45 years suffering from symptoms suggestive of severe organic disease and in patients with unexplained worsening of chronic symptoms. Ex adjuvantibus therapy may be employed in the remainder of dyspeptics. Oligosymptomatic dyspepsia needs no pharmacological treatment and in most cases it is enough to advise modifications of dietary habits and life style. Many drugs are usually employed in the pharmacological treatment of severe NUD but only H2-antagonists, pirenzepine and prokinetics are reported to be more effective than placebo. Efficacy of therapy should be checked after 4 weeks of treatment. If no improvement occurs, combined or different therapy might be employed. Treatment should be checked again after 8 weeks: therapeutic failure at this time indicates the need for endoscopic examination.
Dyspepsia↗