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Biomedical subjects

A Man

Publications and source records attributed to A Man.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

The effect of caffeine on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

The effect of caffeine on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction was examined in ten patients with bronchial asthma. Placebo and caffeine 3.5 mg/kg and 7 mg/kg were given two hours before exercise. Spirometry was taken at one and two hours following caffeine and at 5, 15, and 30 minutes following exercise. Caffeine significantly improved baseline FEV1 and prevented exercise-induced bronchoconstriction only at a dose of 7 mg/kg. Caffeine was well tolerated by the patients. These data suggest that only high doses of caffeine significantly prevent a postexercise drop in FEV1.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Use of luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonist (leuprorelin) in advanced post-menopausal breast cancer: clinical and endocrine effects.

Fifteen post-menopausal patients with advanced breast cancer were treated with the LH-RH agonist leuprorelin (D-leu6-des-gly10-Gn-RH-ethylamide) given in a dosage of 7.5 mg as a monthly subcutaneous depot injection, to assess the clinical activity and endocrine response to treatment. None of the 15 patients showed an objective response to treatment, although four patients had stable disease for at least 6 months. No toxicity was demonstrated. Endocrine effects after 4 weeks' treatment were as follows: mean levels of serum gonadotrophins fell to 10% of their pretreatment values; there were no significant changes in the levels of prolactin on treatment; there was a significant decrease in the levels of serum testosterone in 12 out of 14 patients; there were no significant changes in the levels of oestradiol, androstenedione and oestrone. The lowering of serum testosterone suggests that androgens in post-menopausal women may be partly produced by the ovaries, stimulated by LH and FSH. This fall in testosterone may explain why some post-menopausal breast cancer patients in other studies have been reported to respond to treatment with LH-RH agonists, as it would decrease the substrate for the peripheral synthesis of oestrogens.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

The first clinical use of depot buserelin for advanced prostatic carcinoma.

The agonist analogues of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone now provide an alternate medical treatment of prostatic cancer. For effect repeated administration is required, either by five or six times daily intranasal or once daily subcutaneous treatment. There is an obvious disadvantage to such regimens in elderly patients who may have difficulty complying with therapy. In order to circumvent these difficulties, sustained release formulations of the agonist analogues have been synthesized. We report the first clinical use of a long-acting formulation of D-Ser (TBU)6-LHRH Ethylamide (buserelin) using a novel polymer material. Twelve symptomatic patients with previously untreated carcinoma of the prostate were treated with depot buserelin, administered once monthly. In all patients, depot buserelin suppressed serum testosterone into the range seen in castrate men at a rate equivalent to that provided by five times daily intranasal therapy. No significant increase in serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone or follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations occurred during the period of follow-up. Long-acting formulations of buserelin offer an advance in the management of prostatic cancer with agonist analogues of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Does drill noise during mastoid surgery affect the contralateral ear?

Drill-generated noise during chronic ear surgery, as well as surgical trauma, has been incriminated as a cause of sensorineural hearing loss in the operated ear. The contralateral ear is subjected to the drill noise but is spared the surgical trauma. Sixty-two patients who had undergone different mastoid operations served as the basis for this study. The average drilling time during surgery was 45 minutes. Sound pressure levels did not exceed 84 dB in the operated ear and 82 dB in the contralateral ear. Though some sensorineural hearing loss was found in the operated ear in fourteen patients, no changes in hearing were found in the contralateral ear. It is suggested that there is no damage exclusively due to the drill noise during mastoid surgery.

Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced↗
PubMed1984

[Cutaneous manifestations of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. Apropos of 7 cases].

Seven cases of DIC with cutaneous manifestations which permitted us to make the diagnosis. Etiopathogenic references are cited and the dermatological literature pointing out especially the cutaneous lesions with their clinical characteristics: ecchymoses which usually evolve to necrosis, bullae, petechiae, hematomas, cyanosis and bleeding at injection sites, and histological: Fibrinous thrombosis of the vessels of the dermis, with hemorrhages, necrosis and dermoepidermic bullae, with slight or no inflammation . In some of these cases the dermatological lesions antedated the characteristic laboratory data.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Limitations of jet ventilation through the laryngoscope.

A series is presented of 100 patients who underwent direct laryngoscopy under general anaesthesia. Our preferred technique of ventilation is jet insufflation by an injector attached to the blade of the laryngoscope, as it provides the surgeon with a quiet and completely exposed larynx. In nine cases, chest expansion was assessed as inadequate by the anaesthetist. These patients were obese with a short neck, and/or stiff-necked; thus, insertion of the laryngoscope was difficult and a good seal between it and the larynx could not be achieved. Arterial blood gas values in six of these patients demonstrated marked hypoventilation. To improve ventilation in these patients an alternative technique of insufflation through a nasotracheal catheter was used. Arterial blood gas values indicated that this method resolved the problem of hypoventilation. Although the catheter somewhat limits the view of the endolarynx, the improved ventilation outweighs the drawbacks of this technique. It is suggested that for the obese and/or stiff-necked patient, a nasotracheal catheter be used electively for ventilation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Early repair of traumatic perforations of the tympanic membrane in children.

The results of early repair of traumatic perforations of the tympanic membrane by alignment and approximation of the fragmented drum and paper patching of the defect are described in 14 children. The procedure was performed under light general anaesthesia, using Ketalar (ketamine hydrochloride) in a minimal dosage. In all cases except one, healing following patching was complete and uneventful. The disadvantage of general anaesthesia is outweighed by the prompt and uncomplicated healing, and a higher percentage of defect closure, compared with untreated cases in other reports.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMed1982

Effect of turbine dental drill noise on dentists' hearing.

The effect of high-speed dental turbines on dentists' hearing was investigated. The two types of dental turbines used most commonly in the Tel Aviv area and their average time of daily use were established by means of questionnaires. The noise pressure level of these turbines at a distance of 30.0 cm was measured. Twenty subjects were exposed to the turbine noise for a period equal to the average time of the drill's daily use. The noise pressure levels of the turbines were found to be nonhazardous by the accepted damage-risk criteria. The temporary threshold shifts of the subjects exposed were nil or insignificant. It was concluded that the risk of damage to the dentist's hearing due to dental turbine noise in the normal course of a working day is slight.

Auditory Fatigue↗
PubMed1981

Emergency parotidectomy for expansile cavernous hemangioma.

A rare case of emergency parotidectomy in a boy of 12, necessitated by a sudden, rapid and marked increase in size of a parotid hemangioma is describe. The literature dealing with parotid hemangiomas in adults is reviewed; the number of cases reported is small. The histological differences and the natural history of parotid hemangioma in adults and in infants are described. The therapeutic approach is discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Surgical correction of lateralized eardrum.

The complication of retraction and lateralization of the graft after a tympanoplasty operation is described, and the underlying mechanism discussed. This complication occurs mainly when using the overlay procedure and causes a severe conductive hearing loss. A surgical technique for correcting this problem is described. It consists of removing all of the former graft, positioning the new graft medial to the eardrum remnants and covering the denuded ear canal bone with split-thickness skin graft. The results of 7 cases successfully treated by the technique described are presented.

Hearing Loss, Conductive↗
PubMed1981

Characteristics of tinnitus in acoustic trauma.

Several parameters of tinnitus were investigated in a group fo 102 subjects suffering from acoustic trauma. These parameters were then compared to the results of the hearing tests and subjective complaints. The frequency and intensity of tinnitus were established by the usual matching technique with a clinical audiometer. The most effective masking of the tinnitus due to acoustic trauma was by pure tones. There seems to be a correlation between the tinnitus level and the hearing loss level at the frequency at which the hearing loss was most severe. A significant association was found between the matched tinnitus level and its description by the patient. There is also an association between the severity of the acoustic trauma and the perceived loudness of the tinnitus, as well as other subjective complaints.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of malignant external otitis in its initial stage.

A method of treating malignant external otitis in its initial stage is described. The treatment is based on repeated curettage with Epontol under light general anesthesia. This method requires no systemic antibiotic treatment, can be carried out as an office procedure, and effects a complete cure in a relatively short time.

Anesthesia, General↗