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Biomedical subjects

A Malley

Publications and source records attributed to A Malley.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Regulation of timothy grass pollen IgE antibody formation. I. In-vitro induction of suppressor T cells by soluble T suppressor factors.

A method using mini-Marbrook chambers in culturing normal spleen cells with timothy-specific T suppressor factor TSF and second order T suppressor factor TSF2 to induce suppressor T (TS) cells is described. Spleen cells cultured with T suppressor factors injected intravenously into recipients primed 20 days earlier with antigen and boosted with antigen within 24 hr of cell transfer, significantly suppress a secondary anti-antigen-B (AgB)-IgE response. On the other hand, spleen cells cultured with normal rabbit IgG failed to suppress the secondary anti-AgB-IgE response in recipient mice. The failure of enriched T cells cultured with either TSF or TSF2 to produce TS cells suggest that an accessory cell may be important in 'presentation' of these soluble factors during the induction of TS cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Early electrochemical events in lectin-lymphocyte interaction. I. Mechanism of lectin-mediated changes in the electrophoretic mobility of lymphocytes.

Concanavalin A, at extremely low concentrations, will produce significant increases in the electrophoretic mobility of murine splenic T lymphocytes. It has been established that the alteration in cellular surface charge is mediated by a factor produced by those lymphocytes that have reacted directly with con A. We originally conjectured that the mobility change might be the consequence of an alteration in the distribution of the charged moieties of membrane glycoproteins. The results of experiments conducted at low temperature raise some questions about this mechanism. Further experiments have been performed to establish the nature of the physicochemical alterations in the peripheral zone of the factor-stimulated lymphocytes that are manifest as changes in cellular surface charge. The results of these studies indicate that, subsequent to the interaction of T lymphocytes with con A, there is a reduction in the number of positively charged amino groups effective at the electrophoretic surface of the cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Preparation and characterization of the anti-idiotypic properties of rabbit anti-timothy antigen B helper factor and anti-mouse timothy IgE antisera.

with AgB-primed B or T cells and injected into syngeneic X-irradiated recipients. Anti-THF and anti-Eid purified by an AgB-specific T suppressor factor (TSF) affi-gel adsorbent retain their ability to specifically initiate [3H]-thymidine incorporation of AgB-primed T cells. The data indicate that both anti-THF and anti-Eid recognize unique determinants present on AgB-specific T-helper, T-suppressor and B cells, and suggest that the receptors on AgB-specific T and B cells share cross-reactive idiotypic determinants.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The Basenji-Greyhound dog model of asthma: leukocyte histamine release, serum IgE, and airway response to inhaled antigen.

To understand the immunologic mechanisms underlying the variation in airway response to inhaled Ascaris antigen (AA) in Basenji-Greyhound (BG) dogs having hyperreactive airways, we examined the relationship between leukocyte histamine release, Ascaris-specific serum IgE, changes in pulmonary resistance (RL), and decreases in dynamic compliance (Cdyn). All Ascaris-sensitive BG dogs showing airway responses to AA aerosol challenge exhibited an antigen dose-dependent release of leukocyte histamine, with total leukocyte histamine ranging from 68 to 123 ng/10(7) cells. Airway response to inhaled antigen more closely correlated with antigen dose releasing 50% total leukocyte histamine (RL, r = 0.94); Cdyn, r = 0.82), than with circulating levels of antigen-specific IgE (RL, r = 0.68; Cdyn, r = 0.69). We conclude that the airway response of sensitized BG dogs to AA inhalations is more dependent on factors affecting mediator release from pulmonary sources than circulating specific reaginic antibody.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1982

Anti-idiotype regulation of timothy grass pollen IgE antibody formation. I. In vivo induction of suppressor T cells.

Antibodies prepared against antigen B-specific T-helper factor (anti-THF) and antigen B-specific IgE (anti-IgEid) have been isolated and the anti-idiotypic properties of both antibodies were described previously. Both anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Id) were used to determine their influence in primary and secondary IgE responses. These studies demonstrated that both anti-Id specifically suppress timothy IgE responses, that the suppression lasts for at least 35 days, and that it is mediated by a Thy 1+ Lyt 1- 23+ T cell. Attempts to induce suppressor T cells with the F(ab)2 fragment of anti-THF at several concentrations (10-80 micrograms per day for 3 successive days) were unsuccessful. This suggests that the Fc portion may be important in presentation of anti-Id during the induction of suppressor T cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Induction and characterization of suppressor T cells and soluble factors with modified timothy grass pollen AgB.

Previous studies demonstrated that antigen B (AgB), a major antigen of timothy grass pollen, modified by photooxidation (Ox-AgB) does not react with rabbit, human, or mouse antibodies directed against AgB and does not induce antibodies reactive with either native or modified AgB. However, immunization of mice with Ox-AgB in alum induces significant T helper cell activity. In this review, we describe the conditions and kinetics for Ox-AgB induction of T suppressor cells, the secretion of AgB-specific T suppressor factor (TSF), and the partial purification of AgB-specific TSF.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1981

Antigen B-specific helper factor from timothy grass pollen: isolation and partial characterization.

Spleen cells from LAF1 mice primed with photo-oxidized antigen B exhibit helper T-cell activity when assayed in an adoptive transfer system with spleen cells from mice primed with timothy pollen extract and treated with anti-thy 1.2 serum and complement. These helper cells, when placed in culture with antigen B, secrete a soluble antigen B-specific helper factor (THF) that requires the presence of normal spleen cells or cells that do not adhere to nylon wool in order to exhibit T cell-replacing activity. The THF has been partially purified over an immobilized antigen adsorbent. The eluted THF exhibits a mol. wt of 65,000 by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and contains 5% carbohydrate by weight. The THF is I-Ak-positive and Ig-negative.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Basenji-Greyhound dog model of asthma: reactivity to Ascaris suum, citric acid, and methacholine.

Bronchial inhalation challenges to Ascaris suum, citric acid, and methacholine were performed in eight Basenji-Greyhound (BG) crossbreed dogs, five of which were reactive to Ascaris antigen aerosols (AAA). Responses to aerosol challenges were measured as changes in pulmonary resistance (RL) and dynamic compliance (Cdyn) and were compared to responses obtained in five mongrel dogs. Responses to methacholine and citric acid were similar in BG dogs whether Ascaris-sensitive or not, but BG dogs were clearly more reactive than mongrels to both types of nonspecific challenge. Methacholine responses were elicited at 10-30 times lower concentrations in BG dogs than in mongrels; 10% citric acid, which failed to elicit any response in mongrels, increased RL 5- to 10-fold in BG dogs. We conclude that the BG dog demonstrates nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity, as in human asthma.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1980

T-cell-priming characteristics of modified timothy grass pollen antigen B1.

Previous studies demonstrated that antigen B (AgB), a major antigen of timothy grass pollen, modified by photooxidation (Ox-AgB), does not react with rabbit, human, or mouse antibodies directed against AgB and does not induce antibodies reactive with either native or modified AgB. In this paper we show that Ox-AgB retains an estimated 70% of the lymphocyte-activating properties and a significant amount of the T-cell-priming capabilities of AgB.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Anti-timothy IgE formation: suppression with antigen D-dGl conjugates.

Antigen D fragments (AgD1 and AgD2) and chemically synthesized quercetin-glutathione were conjugated to the synthetic polypeptide copolymer of D-glutamic acid and D-lysine (dGL). These conjugates were tested at varying epitope densities to determine their ability to suppress a secondary anti-antigen B IgE response. The data showed that all of the conjugates used with epitope densities of 5-20 groups per dGL produced significant dose-dependent suppression of a secondary IgE response. The duration of the observed suppression was short (about 30 days), but could be extended by additional treatment with the conjugate prior to the loss of unresponsiveness.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1979

Induction of allergic encephalomyelitis in rhesus monkeys treated with anti monkey thymocyte sera.

Treatment with rabbit anti-moneky thymus cell sera whether limited (3 days) or extensive (15 days), did not alter the development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rhesus monkeys challenged with myelin basic protein or central nervous system tissue (CNS) when compared to similarly challenged control monkeys treated with normal rabbit serum. No consistent difference in disease incidence or intensity as measured by incubation period, neurologic signs or CNS pathology was observed between experimental and control monkeys. This finding is in contrast to previous reports on the efficacy of ATS treatment in prevention of EAE in rodents.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Association of melanoma tumor antigen activity with beta2-microglobulin.

The majority of melanoma tumor antigen activity present in melanoma extracts derived from fresh tumor tissue binds to a Sepharose-anti-beta2-microglobulin adsorbent. Removal of HLA antigens from the extracts of melanoma tissue by using a KBr flotation technique did not reduce either the tumor antigen activity of the extracts or the binding of melanoma tumor antigen (MTA) activity to the Sepharose-anti-beta2-microglobulin adsorbent. The complete blocking of MTA activity by pretreating the anti-beta2-microglobulin adsorbent with beta2-microglobulin and the lack of detectable MTA binding to a Sepharose anti-normal human serum adsorbent demonstrated the specificity of the binding of MTA to the anti-beta2-microglobulin adsorbent.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1978

Analytical particle electrophoresis applied to immunologic research.

The technique of analytical particle electrophoresis has been applied to the study of membrane phenomena associated with lectin stimulation of lymphocytes. It has been observed that such treatment results in a significant increase in the electrophoretic mobility of murine T-cells. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the mobility changes in most cells are attributable to the release of a factor from relatively few cells. Preliminary evidence suggests that the murine factor has a comparatively low relative molecular mass, is heat-labile, and will alter the mobility of cultured human T-cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Induction of hapten-specific cell-mediated immunity in rhesus monkeys treated with adsorbent purified antilymphocyte antibody.

Rhesus monkeys were treated with sufficient amounts of rabbit antilymphocyte sera and immunoadsorbent purified antilymphocyte antibody to retain full-thickness skin grafts 23 and 29 days respectively. During this immunosuppressed period hapten-specific cell-mediated immunity was induced in six of seven rhesus monkeys immunized with p-azophenylarsono-N-acetyltyrosine (R-tyr) in complete Freund's adjuvant. These observations suggest that in rhesus monkeys different populations of T cells may be responsible for cutaneous sensitization to antigen and rejection of skin grafts.

Animals↗