Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Mahajan

Publications and source records attributed to A Mahajan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Efficacy and safety of heat exchanger added to venovenous bypass circuit during orthotopic liver transplantation.

Hypothermia during orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is common despite measures to prevent this complication. We retrospectively analyzed two groups of patients; those managed with (n = 113) or without (n = 109) a heat exchanger (HE) incorporated in the venovenous bypass (VVB) circuit to test the hypothesis that normothermia before liver reperfusion minimizes hypotension during reperfusion and decreases neohepatic transfusion requirements. Use of the HE resulted in significantly warmer patients during reperfusion and at the end of surgery (P < .001). An increase in neohepatic transfusion requirement was observed in patients with HE use: packed red blood cells, 4 +/- 4 versus 3 +/- 3 units; fresh-frozen plasma, 5 +/- 5 versus 4 +/- 4 units; platelets, 8 +/- 8 versus 6 +/- 7 units; and cryoprecipitate, 5 +/- 7 versus 3 +/- 5 units. There was no difference between the two groups in the untoward hemodynamic events during reperfusion of the liver (P = .31). We conclude that during OLT, the use of an HE in a nonheparinized VVB circuit helps maintain normothermia. Our limited experience suggests that its use is safe but does not improve hemodynamic stability during reperfusion or decrease blood loss during the neohepatic period.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1998

Combining aspirin with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in heart failure: how safe is it?

The above discussion on the interaction of aspirin and ACE inhibitors seems to suggest that aspirin in high doses may have adverse interaction with ACE inhibitors in patients with heart failure but the data obtained is not sufficient or conclusive to recommended omission of aspirin in patients with heart failure. This raises a query in the mind of the physician whether to use a combination or not? The role of aspirin in the early period after myocardial infarction is well established so is the role of ACE inhibitors. Hence in patients with myocardial infarction and preserved left ventricular function it would not be wrong to administer combination of ACE inhibitors and aspirin. Albeit at a lower dose. In patients with large myocardial infarction or heart failure, warfarin may be an option but still needs to be documented in large trials. As suggested long term use of aspirin after infarction is still ambiguous and may be harmful in patients with heart failure with its anticedent side effects. But long term benefits of ACE inhibitors in heart failure are well documented. Hence if a choice has to be made whether to discontinue either of the two drugs it would be preferable to stop the aspirin. To answer the issue of use of aspirin in patients with heart failure it would be essential to conduct a double blind randomized trial comparing known anti-thrombotic treatment, aspirin and anti-coagulants on mortality in patients with heart failure, especially caused by coronary artery disease. Such a trial is underway at the present and till the results are available it should be left to clinical judgement of the physician whether to administer aspirin in patients with heart failure after weighing the benefits versus risk.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1997

Minimal change nephrotic syndrome associated with extrarenal neurilemmoma.

Nephrotic syndrome may be associated not only with malignant neoplasia, but also rarely with benign solid tumours. Here we report a case of a young woman suffering from nephrotic syndrome, histologically classed as a minimal change glomerular lesion, associated with a posterior mediastinal neurilemmoma (ancient neurilemmoma). Surgical removal of the tumour led to complete cure of the nephrotic syndrome with total symptomatic improvement within 6 months. Scanning of the literature revealed only one case report of an association of spinal neurilemmoma with nephrotic syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Visual evoked responses in megaloblastic anemia.

Pattern shift visual evoked responses (PSVER) were studied in thirty patients suffering from severe megaloblastic anemia (mean Hb level was 4.25 +/- 1.22 g/dL) of nutritional origin. All patients lacked clinical stigmata of visual and neurologic impairment. Mean P100 latency in thirty age and sex matched controls was 96.35 +/- 6.75 ms (range 86-108 ms) and mean amplitude was 10.37 +/- 3.88 microV (range 4.8-20.8 microV). Mean P100 latency in megaloblastic anemia was 114.77 +/- 11.68 (range 91-142) ms, P < 001 vs. control) and mean amplitude was 8.85 +/- 2.8 microV (range 5.1-16.2 microV). Seventy percent cases had prolonged latency of P 100. After correction of anemia with therapeutic doses of vitamin B12 and folic acid in three months (mean Hb level was 12.08 +/- 1.86 g/dL), the mean P100 latency was 105.13 +/- 9.30 ms (range 92-121 ms P < 0.001 vs. controls) and mean amplitude was 10.72 +/- 4.13 microV (range 5.1-21.4 microV). There was significant improvement in P100 latency after correction of anemia (P < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between P100 latency and hemoglobin levels, though it was statistically not significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Assessment of pulmonary functions in young adults--three cross-sectional studies.

This study reports the results of 3 cross-sectional surveys and demonstrates a birth cohort effect for pulmonary functions in students admitted to our Institute in 1974, 1986 and 1991. Improvement in height, weight and haemoglobin of students was accompanied with improvement in ventilatory (FVC, FEV1/FVC%,FEF25-75%) as well as diffusion functions (TLCO(SB), Dm, VC), specially in Group 2 and 3. Study of some vital statistics of state of Haryana from 1974 to 1992 significantly visualizes this period as period of green revolution and industrialization of the state. These quantitative indices are responsible for improvement of physical parameters and pulmonary functions of younger subjects. It is concluded that in view of the expected improvement in socio-economical status of developing countries and health of their individuals, physical and functional norms reported by different laboratories must be periodically reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Long source-skin distance rectal irradiation technique: a review of results.

PURPOSE: This study reports the clinical outcome of fifteen patients with low rectal adenocarcinoma treated with the long source-skin distance (SSD) of endorectal irradiation technique. This method was designed at McGill University in 1986 as an alternative to the standard short SSD rectal irradiation that was developed by Papillon (Proc. R. Soc. Med. 66: 1179-1181, 1973). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between April 1986 and May 1993, six females and nine males were treated with this technique. Fourteen patients were treated with curative intent and one woman for palliation. The median total dose was 85 Gy (range 60-135 Gy) in a median of 3 fractions (range 3-5) over a median treatment time of 5 weeks (range 2-9.5 weeks). RESULTS: With a mean follow-up of 39 months and a median of 24 months (range 3 months-8.7 years), actuarial overall survival and disease-free survival rates are 50.8% and 71.4%, respectively, at 8.7 years. No patients have died of recurrent disease, but one patient has distant metastatic disease. One patient treated with curative intent required an abdominoperineal resection for progressive disease. Treatments were tolerated well by all patients. Four patients required steroid enemas for localized proctitis for a short period of time. They all responded well and had complete resolution of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are comparable with those in other reports in the literature. The complications are similar in type and frequency to other published series. The long SSD technique may be an acceptable alternative to the standard short SSD technique.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

AIDS phobia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of single breath and steady state methods for measurement of lung transfer factor for CO in normal subjects and smokers.

Pulmonary diffusing capacity (lung transfer factor for carbon monoxide) has been assessed by the single breath (TLCOSB) and steady state (TLCOSS) techniques in well matched 90 females, 31 non-smoker and 29 smoker males, 18-50 years of age. Both TLCOSB and TLCOSS are significantly lower in females compared to non-smoker males (P < 0.001). Tobacco smoking statistically significantly reduces TLCOSB as well as TLCOSS in smokers as compared to non-smokers. There is a statistically significant correlation of age with TLCOSS and TLCOSB in all the three groups (r = -0.702, -0.360 and 0.300 for TLCOSB and r = -0.481, -0.355 and 0.380 for TLCOSS in non-smoker males, smoker males and females respectively). TLCOSB is 30.43 +/- 4.89, 27.29 +/- 4.54 and 26.13 +/- 3.60 ml/mmHg/min, while TLCOSS is 19.47 +/- 5.26, 16.69 +/- 3.27 and 18.24 +/- 3.78 ml/mm/Hg/min in non-smoker males, smoker males and females respectively. A fairly good correlation between the TLCOSB and TLCOSS in male, both non-smoker and smoker, as well as the female subjects was observed. TLCOSS is lower than TLCOSB in all the three groups. Even in smokers of moderate intensity both of these tests are influenced to a nearly similar extent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Management of isoniazid poisoning--case report.

A young girl was admitted with generalized tonic clonic seizures and unconsciousness, four hours after ingestion of 12 gm of isoniazid (INH). In the absence of injectable preparation of pyridoxine, she was treated with oral pyridoxine and made a complete recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A study of free radicals and scavenging enzyme in tonsillitis.

The present study is a comparison of malonaldialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity between controls and in tonsillitis patients of different degree before (pre) and after (post) surgery (tonsillectomy). The SOD activity increases in pretonsillectomy cases according to severity of disease and there is a rise in MDA level whereas after tonsillectomy although the increase in SOD is marginal but MDA declines sharply as compared to pretonsillectomy patients indicating that the SOD exerts its protective effect after surgery.

Free Radicals↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of processing treatments on the composition and functional properties of rapeseed preparations (Brassica campestris L. var. toria).

Rapeseed preparations viz. rapeseed meal, concentrates and isolates were prepared using different processing treatments involving organic solvents, acids, alkali, steaming and boiling. Their anti-nutritional constituents and functional properties were studied in comparison to undefatted meal. Percent decrease in phytic acid and phenolic content was maximum in seeds boiled for 30 min and isolates, respectively. Isolate II prepared by sodium hexa-metaphosphate had minimum glucosinolates, maximum content of total proteins and much improved nitrogen solubility, emulsifying and foaming properties. Water absorption and fat absorption capacities were enhanced by boiling seeds prior to grinding and ammonia-methanol extraction, respectively. Viscosity decreased in all the treatments as compared to control.

Absorption↗
PubMed1993

Releasable suture technique for trabeculectomy.

We studied the effect of the releasable suture technique on immediate postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP). Nine eyes of nine patients with glaucoma had trabeculectomy with a releasable suture. In the six eyes that did not receive antimitotics, the suture was released by the fifth postoperative day; in the others suture release was delayed up to the fourteenth day. Of the nine patients, one had an acceptable postoperative IOP and did not need suture release; in another the suture broke and could not be released. In the remaining seven patients, the difference between the pre-release and post-release IOP was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The complications of this technique include failed suture release, subconjunctival hematoma and a distinctive "windshield wiper" keratopathy.

Corneal Diseases↗