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Biomedical subjects

A M Sheppard

Publications and source records attributed to A M Sheppard.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Activity of rabbit monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of herpes simplex virus-infected corneal cells.

Rabbit phagocytes were examined for their ability to kill target cells infected with herpes simplex virus by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Two sources of rabbit corneal cells were used as targets: Staaten Seruminstitut Rabbit Cornea (a continuous cell line) and stromal keratocytes from the middle layer of corneas excised from New Zealand white rabbits. Peritoneal exudate and alveolar macrophages were found to be the most active effector cells, followed by blood neutrophils and monocytes. Peritoneal exudate and alveolar macrophages killed target cells with dilutions of antibody as high as 1:10,000. Monocyte antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity was absent in over one-third of the rabbits tested and was only weakly active in positive rabbits. In vitro aging of monocytes did not enhance activity. Antibody reactive with peritoneal exudate macrophages, alveolar macrophages, and blood neutrophil effector cells appeared 7 days after intracorneal injection of infectious herpes simplex virus. Results of these studies show that in vitro assays with a complete rabbit system (effectors cells, antibody, and target cells) can be developed to monitor herpetic disease and suggest an active role for rabbit phagocytes in cytotoxicity of herpes simplex virus-infected cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Immune destruction of rabbit corneal cells infected with herpes simplex virus: lymphocyte reactivity by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

Continuous rabbit cornea cells and cells grown from the stromal layer of corneas excised from New Zealand white rabbits were infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) strain RE and examined for cytolysis (51Cr release) by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). These sources of lymphocytes from normal animals were used as effector cells: blood, spleen, and lymph nodes. Specific activity was observed in over 75% of rabbits with all three effector cell types, using immune serum from a rabbit a 21 days after infection. Activity was generally weak (less than 30% specific 51Cr release) and was abolished by dilutions of antibody 1:1000 or greater. Effector cells were not active when nonimmune serum was substituted for immune serum. Peritoneal exudate macrophages used as controls exhibited higher levels of release and were active with antibody diluted greater than 1:1000. HSV antibody reactive in ADCC appeared 7 days after intrastromal injection of infectious virus. Lymphocyte ADCC activity obtained from draining lymph nodes of infected animals was similar to that obtained with normal animals. Results indicate a weakly active lymphocyte effector-cell system in normal and infected rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Antibody mediated destruction of keratocytes infected with herpes simplex virus.

The ability of complement-dependent antibody to mediate destruction of rabbit corneal cells infected with the RE and KOS strains of HSV-1 was examined. Three sources of target cells were used: BHK-21, a monitor of surface antigen expression and cell lysis; SIRC, a continuous cell line of rabbit corneal origin; stromal keratocytes, grown from the middle layer of excised rabbit corneas. Rabbits were infected intrastromally with the RE strain, which causes a high incidence of stromal keratitis, and sacrificed at designated times. Results showed that all three cell types, infected with either HSV strain, expressed surface antigens and were susceptible to lysis by antibody produced during the course of stromal disease. 51Cr-release assays showed that cytolytic antibody appeared as early as 5 days postinfection and reached maximum by day 14-20. Findings suggest a direct relationship between the in vitro demonstration of complement dependent cytolysis of infected stromal cells and the disease process in experimental animals.

Animals↗