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Biomedical subjects

A M Ros

Publications and source records attributed to A M Ros.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Photosensitive psoriasis.

Photosensitive psoriasis is rare. The prevalence among psoriasis patients was estimated to be 5.5%. Photosensitive psoriatics have a statistically significant higher frequency of skin type I, a heredity of photosensitivity, advanced age, and psoriasis affecting hands compared with nonphotosensitive psoriatics. Half of the patients with photosensitive psoriasis have polymorphous light eruption (PLE), with psoriasis appearing as a secondary phenomenon in the PLE lesions. The other half slowly develop psoriasis after sun exposure but without preceding PLE. These reaction patterns may be confirmed with phototesting. Photochemotherapy is effective treatment for photosensitive psoriasis.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Contact allergy to Compositae plants in patients with summer-exacerbated dermatitis.

16 patients with summer-exacerbated dermatitis were examined by patch testing and photopatch testing with a battery of Compositae and standard allergens. IgE and RAST, and the thresholds to UVA and UVB, were determined. 6 female and 2 male patients showed allergic contact reactions to one or more Compositae extracts from flowers common in Sweden, also used in skin care products. The study points to the importance of including testing with Compositae allergens in patients with summer-exacerbated dermatitis. This group comprises patients with multiple contact reactions, photosensitivity and flares of atopic dermatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Reversibility of canthaxanthin deposits within the retina.

As reported earlier, crystalline yellow-glistening deposits in the retinal inner layer were identified in 22 of 53 patients treated with PHENORO (containing 10 mg beta-carotene and 15 mg canthaxanthin per capsule) for various light sensitive dermatoses at cumulative doses of canthaxanthin of up to 178 g for up to 12 years. 14 of the 22 patients with deposits could now be investigated again, 5 years after discontinuation of treatment. There was an extensive reduction of the number of deposits, confirming other reports which have demonstrated that the formation of the crystalline deposits is reversible. Analysis of serum samples revealed significant concentrations of canthaxanthin, resulting from the intake of this carotenoid via food.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Seventeen proved cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICAC) were reviewed to establish a radiologic-pathologic correlation. The most common appearance of ICAC at computed tomography (CT) is that of a single, homogeneous low-attenuation mass. Multiple low-attenuation lesions were present in four cases. Calcification was depicted by CT in three cases. At angiography, ICAC has a variable appearance with avascular, hypovascular, and hypervascular patterns possible. Portal obstruction was seen in only one case. The most common appearance of ICAC at sonography is that of a homogeneously hyperechoic mass, either single or multiple. In only one case was ICAC hypoechoic. Plain abdominal radiography demonstrated calcification in three patients and evidence of Thorotrast (thorium dioxide) deposition in one. Upper gastrointestinal series demonstrated abnormal gastric folds in two cases, corresponding to gastric invasion by ICAC. There were no characteristic radiographic findings, but the following features may be helpful in differentiating ICAC from other primary intrahepatic tumors, particularly typical hepatocellular carcinoma: a homogeneously echogenic or high-attenuation appearance on images that reflects the uniform nature observed at pathologic examination, the presence of calcification, and the uncommon invasion of portal or hepatic veins. Conversely, the presence of satellite lesions may blur the the distinction between ICAC and metastatic liver disease.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1988

Concentration of trimethylpsoralen in blood and skin after oral administration.

Trimethylpsoralen (TMP) concentrations were determined in blood and skin of 21 patients given oral TMP therapy and were compared to data obtained from 5 patients treated with TMP baths. The quantitative determination was performed by gas chromatography with selected ion monitoring. Concentrations of up to 5.6 ng/ml were detected in whole blood from orally TMP treated patients, with about the same concentrations in patients given TMP baths. Whole skin biopsies from patients ingesting TMP showed concentrations in 14 patients that ranged from 30 to 1250 ng/g skin, median value 85 ng/g. Large interindividual variations were observed. Stripped skin from 5 patients after TMP baths showed a somewhat higher median value of 160 ng/g and their entire skin had fairly high concentrations, with a median value of 390 ng/g, probably mostly bound to stratum corneum. Different concentrations in different parts of the skin may explain the difference in phototoxic capacity when the drug is given locally.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Technical and psychological complications of high-frequency jet ventilation.

The type and the incidence of complications during treatment with high-frequency jet ventilation were evaluated in 10 critically ill patients with acute respiratory failure. HFJV was used for 2 to 34 days for management of bronchopleural fistulae, tracheal rupture, laryngeal trauma or voluminous lung abscesses. The most significant technical problems observed were disconnection or kinking of the jet catheter, hypothermia and CO2 retention. Insufficient humidification could induce severe complications such as viscous bronchial secretions, desiccation of the tracheobronchial mucosa or total obturation of the endotracheal tube. Psychological tolerance of high-frequency jet ventilation was generally satisfactory but the ventilator noise was sometimes hardly tolerated. Patients could develop a psychological dependence to high-frequency jet ventilation, leading to weaning problems. Solutions are suggested to decrease the incidence and severity of the technical and psychological complications.

Equipment Failure↗
PubMed1987

Photosensitive psoriasis. An epidemiologic study.

In this study of photosensitivity among psoriasis patients, a questionnaire was mailed to 2000 psoriasis patients living within the service area of Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm. Of the 88% patients who replied, 4.4% stated that their psoriasis always worsened after sun exposure, and 7.3% stated that this was sometimes so. After telephone interviews with an 80% sample of these allegedly photosensitive patients, half of them were considered nonphotosensitive. Thus an estimated prevalence of 5.5% photosensitivity was obtained. Forty-three percent of the light-sensitive patients had a history of polymorphous light eruption with secondary exacerbation of psoriasis lesions. Comparison between the photosensitive and the nonphotosensitive patients concerning background factors and symptoms showed a statistically significant increase (p less than or equal to 0.001) in the photosensitive group concerning skin type I, psoriasis affecting hands, heredity for photosensitivity, and advanced age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

PUVA therapy for photosensitive psoriasis.

The purpose of this study was to assess the prophylactic effect of oral photochemotherapy with psoralens and UVA (PUVA) on patients with light-sensitive psoriasis. Of fifteen patients with photosensitive psoriasis, ten with a history of polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) slowly developing into psoriasis were treated with trimethylpsoralen (TMP) and UVA. Five patients with no preceding PMLE reaction were similarly treated; two with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), two with TMP and one in whom 8-MOP was later changed to TMP. Good to excellent results were obtained in 9/10 of the first category and in 3/5 of the second, giving an overall efficacy of 80%. Preexisting psoriatic lesions did not, however, heal during TMP therapy but did so when treated with 8-MOP. The results confirm, for light-sensitive psoriatics, the efficacy of PUVA in photosensitive disorders.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Photosensitive psoriasis--an immunohistochemical study after light provocation with UVA and UVB.

To gain further insight into the pathogenesis of photosensitive psoriasis, i.e. worsening of psoriasis lesions after sun exposure, 21 patients with this condition were studied following provocation with high doses of UVA and UVB. Thirteen of the patients had a history of polymorphous light eruption (PMLE). Here, a PMLE reaction could be induced by UV provocation. In 7 cases this developed further into psoriasis. In 8 of the 21 patients, psoriatic lesions developed subsequent to provocation with no preceding PMLE reaction. The test areas were periodically biopsied, and processed with a two-stage immunoperoxidase technique using monoclonal antibodies to immunophenotype the cell infiltrate. The dermal infiltrate consisted mainly of Leu-4+ cells (PAN-T). Leu-3+ cells (T-helper/inducer phenotype) dominated, with a smaller proportion of Leu-2+ cells (T-cytotoxic/suppressor phenotype), except in a few cases where these were prominent. This pattern was seen in all the groups investigated, including a control group of non-psoriatic PMLE patients. Exocytosis, with mainly Leu-2+ cells in the epidermis, was seen in most patients after psoriasis had developed. OKT-6+ (Langerhans) cells in the dermis were sparse, except in a few patients in all groups where a considerable number were observed. Leu-M1+ cells in the dermis (monocytes, granulocytes) were also sparse, but increased in most patients after psoriasis had developed. No B1+ cells (B lymphocytes) were seen, and very few Leu-7+ cells (NK). The only significant differences in the reaction pattern between the different clinical groups were the increased number of Leu-M1+ cells and the exocytosis of Leu-2+ cells after psoriasis had developed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Current aspects of polymorphous light eruptions in Sweden.

The prevalence of polymorphous light eruptions (PMLE) in a Swedish pharmaceutical company employing 412 individuals was estimated by the use of a detailed questionnaire, and 397 (96.4%) answered the survey. Their ages ranged from 18 to 65 yr (mean 40.2), and 66% were females. Eighty-three individuals (21%), mainly women (89%), had symptoms consistent with the diagnosis PMLE. Duration of their disease ranged from 1 to 53 yr, mean 14 yr. A positive family history of PMLE was surprisingly common (46%). Their threshold for sun tolerance was fairly high. They required rather high doses of sunlight to trigger their eruptions, 42% from 30 min to 2 h, and 45% greater than 2 h of solar irradiation. Only 3% had consulted a physician for their PMLE. A hardening phenomenon occurred in 84%. The PMLE group included habitual sunbathers (70%). A fair complexion was common in the PMLE group, 40% having skin types I and II, but as many as 59% had skin type III. Individuals with no light sensitivity had skin type I and II in 22%, and had skin type III in 69% of cases. In conclusion, PMLE is a common disorder and milder forms seem to be more prevalent than earlier described in northern countries such as Sweden.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Photosensitive psoriasis--clinical findings and phototest results.

A total of 35 patients, 21 women and 14 men, with light-sensitive psoriasis deteriorating in summertime on solar exposure were clinically examined in detail and subjected to standardized phototest procedures. This included provocations with UVB and high dosage UVA exposures by the use of an UVASUN 3000 lamp, and also photopatch testing. All patients had long-standing psoriasis and had observed a photosensitivity from 2 to 40 years (men 11.4 yr). The photosensitivity had remained unchanged since its appearance in 21, had worsened in 13 and improved in only 1. A hardening phenomenon was noticed by 11 patients. Exacerbation of psoriasis from sun exposure was observed mostly on the back of the hands and forearms, followed in frequency by the legs, face, chest and back. No cases of other light-sensitive disorders, e.g. vitiligo, porphyrias or connective tissue diseases such as lupus erythematosus were detected. 5 patients used drugs capable of inducing photoallergy but no such reactions could be substantiated. Photopatch testing revealed no photoallergic contact reactions. Skin type distribution was normal, with no overrepresentation of skin type I-II which was registered in 26% (9/35) and skin type III-IV in 74% (26/35). 18/35 patients had a history of PMLE with a secondary evolution of psoriasis lesions. The PMLE reaction was most easily provoked by high-dosage UVA exposures (12/18). 17/35 had no history of a preceding PMLE reaction and, after provocations, new psoriasis lesions appeared successively, most easily provoked by UVB (9/17). The distribution of skin types was about the same in the two groups.

Female↗