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Biomedical subjects

A M Rhodes

Publications and source records attributed to A M Rhodes.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Legal methodology as nursing problem solving.

This article presents legal methodology as a form of nursing research. The four elements of the legal methodology are examined. The sources of legal authority are explained and the essential components of one case, Sermchief v Gonzales are presented in detail as an illustration of the legal methodology. In addition to the elements of the methodology, the methodological tools for the process are described. The computer and manual searching strategies are identified. Finally, the citation system which serves as an integral portion of the methodological process is discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. Relationship between cerebral ventricular size and neuropsychological impairment.

Forty-seven patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis were examined to assess the possible relationship between cerebral atrophy (by computed tomography [CT] ) and performance on neuropsychological tests of memory and verbal intelligence. Nineteen patients were found to have mildly dilated ventricles and another nine patients had moderate to severe ventricular enlargement. Performance on memory and intelligence testing was related to the degree of ventriculomegaly. Three linear CT measurements were also recorded. Using this method, the width of the third ventricle proved to be the best indicator of intellectual and memory dysfunction. Measures of cognition and ventricular size did not correlate with length of illness or overall disability as rated by the Kurtzke Disability Status Score.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Alcohol induced discoordination is not reversed by naloxone.

It has previously been reported that prior administration of naloxone may prevent the decrement in performance produced by alcohol. To be clinical value, however, naloxone must be shown to reverse rather than prevent this decrement. This study examined the effect of naloxone given after consumption of alcohol. A double blind balanced crossover protocol was used to examine the effect of either 1.2 mg or 10 mg naloxone on the sensory-motor impairment produced by blood alcohol concentrations maintained between 75 and 85 mg/100 ml. This alcohol concentration significantly impaired two measures of sensory-motor performance, but there was no evidence that either dose of naloxone could reverse this decrement. We tested our subjects for a chlorpropamide alcohol flush but none gave a positive response. These results indicate that naloxone (1.2 mg or 10 mg) does not reverse the sensory-motor impairment produced by alcohol intoxication in subjects who do not exhibit a chlorpropamide alcohol flush. Nearly all the subjects exhibited somnolence after receiving alcohol and naloxone (1.2 mg or 10 mg) but not after receiving alcohol and saline.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Cucurbitacins as kairomones for diabroticite beetles.

The characteristic bitter substances of the Cucurbitaceae act as kairomones for a large group of diabroticite beetles (Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Luperini), promoting host selection and compulsive feeding behavior. These beetles (e.g., Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) respond to as little as 1 ng of cucurbitacin (Cuc) B on thin-layer plates by arrest and compulsive feeding. Six species of diabroticite beetles were about 10 times more responsive to Cuc B than to Cuc E and less responsive to Cuc D, I, and L. Chloroform extracts of 18 species of Cucurbita were developed on thin-layer chromatograms and exposed to diabroticite beetles. The feeding patterns showed pronounced beetle responses to three general Cuc distribution patterns: Cuc B and D as in Cucurbita andreana and C. ecuadorensis; Cuc E and I as in C. okeechobeensis and C. martinezii; and Cuc E glycoside in C. texana. All the diabroticites responded in exactly the same feeding patterns. The results demonstrate a coevolutionary association between the Cucurbitaceae and the Luperini, during which the intensely bitter and toxic Cucs that arose to repel herbivores and protect the plants from attack became specific kairomone feeding stimulants for the beetles.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

Systemic and local effects of the application of a tourniquet.

The effect of the application of a tourniquet to a limb and the release of the accumulated metabolites have been investigated with reference to the acid-base level in the blood from the limb and in the right atrium. Investigations have been carried out experimentally in rhesus monkeys and observations have been made on patients undergoing reconstructive operations on the knee. The acidotic blood from the ischaemic limb produces little systemic effect. The limb recovers in approximately 40 minutes after a tourniquet has been in place for four hours. Three hours is recommended as a reasonable upper limit for the safe application of a pneumatic tourniquet.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1979

Analysis of Endosperm Sugars in a Sweet Corn Inbred (Illinois 677a) Which Contains the Sugary Enhancer (se) Gene and Comparison of se with Other Corn Genotypes.

The endosperm sugars of a new corn (Zea mays L.) mutant, sugary enhancer (se), were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography and were compared with sugars of other genotypes. Illinois 677a, a sugary (su) inbred containing the se gene, was high in sucrose and was distinguished from all of the other genotypes by its high maltose content. During kernel development, the maltose content of IL677a increased to 3.28% dry weight at 40 days postpollination and remained high at the dry mature stage, whereas ;Silver Queen,' a high quality sugary (su) hybrid not possessing the se gene, showed no such trend in maltose accumulation. Sucrose, fructose, and glucose decreased during kernel development in ;Silver Queen' and IL677a from 19 days postpollination until the dry mature stage. The slow drying characteristic and the reduced starch content previously reported for maturing seeds of IL677a may be related to the maltose accumulation reported here.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

Carbohydrate and enzymic characterization of a high sucrose sugary inbred line of sweet corn.

Reserve carbohydrates were determined on developing endosperm of a new line of sugary maize (Zea mays L.). Other entries, included for comparative purposes, were Midway (sugary), Funks G4646 (starchy), and Illini X-tra Sweet (shrunken-2). Sucrose in the new line, Illinois 677a, was more than twice that of Midway at most stages of development, and reached a maximum of 40% of dry weight at 18 days after pollination. Appreciable phytoglycogen accumulated in Illinois 677a, reaching 30% or more of dry weight as endosperm tissue matured. Thus, Illinois 677a is a typical sugary maize concerning phytoglycogen content, but it resembles shrunken-2 concerning the extent of sucrose accumulation.Enhanced sucrose accumulation by Illinois 677a was not accounted for by altered in vitro activities of invertase, sucrose synthase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, or ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Its normal level of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase set Illinois 677a apart from shrunken-2 in which the enzyme was drastically reduced.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1973

Some Physiological Effects of Viviparous Genes vp(1) and vp(5) on Developing Maize Kernels.

The effects of two viviparous genes, vp(1) and vp(5), on development of the maize (Zea mays L.) embryo and endosperm were investigated. Differences between viviparous and normal embryos first appeared at 25 to 30 days after pollination. Increases in fresh weights indicated that viviparous began to grow more rapidly than normal embryos at that time. Amino acids and ethanol-soluble carbohydrates also accumulated more rapidly in viviparous, but a reserve material (lipid) was lower in viviparous than in normal embryos.The fresh and dry weights and total nitrogen content of endosperms from viviparous resembled those of normal seeds until about 30 days after pollination, but were all lower in viviparous after that time. Pronounced differences in alpha-amylase activity were not observed until late in development (40 days after pollination) when the enzyme increased in viviparous seeds only. Developmental changes in viviparous seeds generally resemble those of normally germinating seeds.

Journal Article↗