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Biomedical subjects

A M Patti

Publications and source records attributed to A M Patti.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Environmental surveillance of poliovirus in Italy: pilot study.

A pilot study on environmental surveillance of poliovirus included one hundred ninety-six samples (drinking water, surface water, seawater and sewage), collected between 1996 and 1998 in different regions of Italy. Samples were screened for the presence of poliovirus and other enteric viruses. Twelve polioviruses, 35 non polio enteroviruses (NPE) and 51 enteric non entero (NE) viruses were isolated. All poliovirus isolates, namely four type 1, four type 2 and four type 3, were characterised as Sabin-like strains. Thirty-one Coxsackie B and 4 Echo viruses were also detected. The presence of Sabin-like polioviruses in the environment is not unexpected since immunization with only oral poliovirus vaccine was performed in Italy until May 1999, when a sequential schedule consisting of two doses of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) and two of oral polio vaccine (OPV) was adopted; in July 2002 a schedule consisting of four doses of IPV was adopted. Although this is only a pilot study and the number of samples analysed is limited, so far data from this study so far supports once again evidence of lack of circulating wild poliovirus and is in line with results from AFP surveillance in Italy and stool survey on healthy children.

Environmental Monitoring↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Viral zoonoses].

In different areas of the World, whether in industrialized or developing countries, zoonoses represent an emerging Public Health concern either as known agents appear in areas or species in which they had not been reported or as new pathogens parasite Human as consequence of successful host switching. Epidemiological data outlined that vectorborne viral zoonoses are of particular relevance. This paper review the changes in epidemiology of bat rabies and arbovirus encephalitis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Osteoporosis: problems and considerations of economical nature].

In 1991 WHO classified osteoporosis as a major social disease, on the basis of its high prevalence, expected to rise in the future, its physical and psychological consequences and its economical costs for both the society and the individual. In the past, costs, especially the undirected and intangible ones, have been largely underestimated, due to their complex quantification. A more accurate and a deeper evaluation of the pathology and its economical burden on National Health Services will lead to a better planning of prevention strategies.

Health Care Costs↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The fate of pathogens in waste-waters].

A large variety of pathogenic organisms capable of transmission by the faecal-oral route may be found in wastewaters. Among the bacteria Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia and Campylobacter are the important agents of concern. Also the human enteric viruses (Poliovirus, Coxsackievirus, Echovirus, Hepatitis A virus, Rotavirus) have been shown to be present in domestic waste and may not be completely removed by conventional sewage treatment processes, including chlorination. Discharge of sludge and raw wastewaters in coastal waters is, therefore, potentially hazardous to human health. Enteric viruses generally survive longer than faecal indicator bacteria in water receiving waste and they are detected in seawater which meets current standards for shellfish harvesting. The survival of viruses in seawater depends on a large variety of physico-chemical and biological factors. Viral inactivation process is very complex in nature but it can be interesting to study this phenomenon for better evaluating the true extent of health risk of viruses present in the coastal waters.

Bacteria↗