Biomedical subjects

A M Paton

Publications and source records attributed to A M Paton.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1972

Changes of blood pressure, renin, and angiotensin after bilateral nephrectomy in patients with chronic renal failure.

Circulating levels of renin, angiotensin I, and angiotensin II were increased in six patients with chronic renal failure and hypertension uncontrolled by dialysis and hypotensive drugs. Lower and often normal levels were found in 10 patients whose blood pressure was controlled by dialysis treatment. For a variety of reasons all patients were subjected to bilateral nephrectomy. The logarithm of the decrease in plasma concentrations of renin and angiotensin II was significantly related to the fall of blood pressure after operation. Plasma renin concentration correlated significantly with blood angiotensin I concentration and with plasma angiotensin II in samples taken before and after nephrectomy. Renin, angiotensin I, and angiotensin II were measurable in samples of blood taken 48 hours or more after the operation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1972

Viral infection and renal transplant rejection.

The occurrence of an outbreak of influenza in a renal transplant unit is described. Five patients had a proved episode of infection, confirmed by a rise in the complement fixation titre to influenza virus A, and this coincided in three of the patients with episodes of acute rejection. It seems likely that the virus infection was responsible for the rejection, possibly through a stimulating effect of the virus on the host's immune response.

Adult↗

PubMed1972

Renal transplantation: an analysis of 33 cases.

Thirty-three patients with end-stage renal failure have had transplants over a three-year period, four patients receiving kidneys from siblings and the remainder cadaver organs. Twenty-seven kidneys survived with stable function for periods of six months to three years. Graft survival at one year was 85% and at two years 82%. One patient died and five were returned to dialysis. Complications included rejection episodes, technical problems, respiratory and wound infections, gastrointestinal disorders, and side effects of steroids.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed1971

Body water and electrolyte composition in acute renal failure.

Body water and electrolyte contents have been measured by means of muscle biopsy analysis in 11 patients with untreated acute renal failure and in one patient during the diuretic recovery phase of his illness. Patients with acute oliguric renal failure show two main types of imbalance. One group shows evidence of a reduction in extracellular sodium and chloride with normal intracellular water and electrolytes. These findings are thought to be due to a combination of excess urinary salt loss during the development of oliguric renal failure, and inadequate replacement of extrarenal electrolyte losses. A second group shows overhydration of both extra- and intracellular phases, associated with an excess of sodium and chloride. The intracellular potassium concentration is reduced, owing to the intracellular water excess. The patient studied during the diuretic recovery phase of acute renal failure showed a marked loss of sodium and chloride, which emphasizes the necessity to replace urinary electrolyte losses at this stage of the illness. It is often extremely difficult to assess fluid and electrolyte balance in patients presenting with acute renal failure, and muscle biopsy analysis or isotope dilution studies may be required before accurate replacement therapy is possible.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed1971