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Biomedical subjects

A M Nordenbo

Publications and source records attributed to A M Nordenbo.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Sympathetic vasoconstrictor responses in multiple sclerosis with thermo-regulatory dysfunction.

Centrally and locally mediated sympathetic vasoconstrictor responses in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissue were studied in six patients with definite multiple sclerosis and severely affected thermoregulatory sweating. The purpose of the study was to evaluate vasomotor function in patients with pronounced thermoregulatory dysfunction and to differentiate between locally and centrally elicited vasomotor reflexes in two different tissues. The method used, the 133-Xenon washout technique, makes such a distinction possible. In spite of the severe sweating disturbances, we found centrally and locally mediated sympathetic vasomotor reflexes to be preserved in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissue. The results support the view that sudomotor and vasomotor functions are independently controlled. Previously described differences in sympathetic vasoconstrictor responses in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissue in several other neurological disorders are not present in patients with multiple sclerosis, based on our results.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Disturbances of ano-rectal function in multiple sclerosis.

Thirty patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) [18 men and 12 women, mean age 40 years (range 22-50), disease duration 12 years (range 0.5-34), Kurtzke's Expanded Disability Status Score 6.0 (range 4.0-7.5)] were interviewed about bowel symptoms and studied using ano-rectal manometry. The results were compared with findings in healthy controls. Twenty-eight had bowel symptoms: 8 constipation, 10 constipation and infrequent faecal urgency, 4 infrequent faecal incontinence and 6 frequent faecal incontinence. Anal sphincter pressure at rest was significantly reduced in MS patients 69 (SD 17) cm H2O, compared with 92 (SD 15) cm H2O in controls, and the external sphincter contraction force was also significantly reduced. Rectal sensation and rectal compliance were reduced and the ano-rectal inhibition reflex (defaecation reflex) required a higher rectal pressure to be elicited in the patients. Upon rectal filling, an early external sphincter excitation was seen. The presence of faecal incontinence correlated strongly with reduced rectal sensation. The findings suggest that faecal incontinence can at least partly be explained by low anal sphincter pressure and poor rectal sensation. The findings of early sphincter excitation and increased threshold of ano-rectal inhibition reflex may be an important pathophysiological factor for constipation in MS patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Plaques causing hemianopsia or quadrantanopsia in multiple sclerosis identified by MRI and VEP.

Four patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS) gave evidence of demyelinating plaques that produced a form of visual loss atypical of MS, i.e. homonymous quadrantanopsia (women, 22 and 30 years), and homonymous hemianopsia (men, 30 and 42 years). Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified areas with increased signal intensity situated corresponding to the observed visual field defects. The results of visual evoked potentials (VEP) were in accordance with what should be expected from anatomical considerations.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cardiovascular autonomic function in multiple sclerosis.

The autonomic nervous function of the cardiovascular system was investigated by non-invasive methods in 30 multiple sclerosis patients between 20 and 50 years of age. The results were compared to those of 30 healthy controls in the same age group. Minor abnormalities of parasympathetic and sympathetic function occurred. Heart rate variation at deep breathing was reduced and more than half of the patients had abnormal responses during an orthostatic procedure, mainly as an increased rise in heart rate. Decreased rise in blood pressure at sustained handgrip was also demonstrated. The abnormalities correlated poorly with other clinical signs and symptoms in the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A variant form of metachromatic leucodystrophy in a patient suffering from another congenital degenerative neurological disease.

A woman aged 21 with a variant form of metachromatic leucodystrophy (MLD) combined with another form of leucodystrophy is described. The clinical symptoms were retinitis pigmentosa and progressive neurological deficits such as mental retardation, dystonia, pyramidal tract involvement and peripheral neuropathy. The biochemical findings were marked deficiency of arylsulfatase-A and cerebroside-sulfatase in cultured fibroblasts and excretion of sulfatides in the urine. Sulfatide-loading of cultured fibroblasts showed almost normal uptake and degradation of sulfatides. The patient's sister suffers from a clinically similar neurological disease, but normal activity of arylsulfatase-A was found in her leucocytes. A severe oral-facial dystonia in the patient was successfully controlled by l-dopa.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The conductance to outflow of CSF in adults with high-pressure hydrocephalus.

The intraventricular pressure was compared with conductance to outflow of CSF (Cout) in 12 patients with high-pressure hydrocephalus of less than 3 months duration. Cout was measured by a lumbo-ventricular or a ventriculo-ventricular perfusion test. In all patients Cout was very low (median 0.016 ml mm Hg-1 minute-1). Thus high-pressure hydrocephalus may be considered to be the consequence of a greatly increased resistance to resorption of CSF. The level of the measured ICP (mean: ICP 23.5 mm Hg) corresponded to the theoretical level calculated from the measured Cout. B-waves were observed during most of the recording periods and episodes of plateau waves were seen in all patients but one. In this particular group of patients, the unsatisfactory results of ventriculo-atrial shunting emphasize the high risks associated conditions leading to high-pressure hydrocephalus.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The incidence and clinical presentation of neurosyphilis in Greater Copenhagen 1974 through 1978.

The incidence of neurosyphilis in the Greater Copenhagen region was found to be 0.30 per 100,000 inhabitants per year within a 5 year period. This figure is higher than incidence found in other studies from the last decades, but does not represent a statistically significant rise. Using hospital records from relevant departments 23 patients were described. General paresis and meningovascular cases were the most common manifestations. A tendency towards a changing clinical pattern of neurosyphilis was confirmed. Dementia and personality changes were the most frequently observed clinical symptoms. The classical signs of tabes dorsalis were seen in only very few patients. Stroke was a common manifestation. We recommend Standard Serological Tests for Syphilis to be carried out in patients under 60 years of age with cerebrovascular diseases, dementia and in patients where neurosyphilis could be even a remote diagnostic possibility.

Adolescent↗