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Biomedical subjects

A M Jequier

Publications and source records attributed to A M Jequier.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Primary testicular disease presenting as azoospermia or oligozoospermia in an infertility clinic.

A group of 173 patients who made up 23% of a population of patients attending a male infertility clinic with primary testicular disease were examined; 63 patients (36%) were azoospermic and 110 (64%) were oligozoospermic. Their aetiology and clinical features are described, together with the endocrine findings, white blood cell karyotypes and, where available, the histology seen on a testicular biopsy. The relationship of these lesions with the presence or absence of a varicocele is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Edward Martin (1859-1938). The founding father of modern clinical andrology.

Edward Martin (1858-1938) was the first surgeon to treat successfully the problem of obstructive azoospermia, a feat that he first described in 1902. He subsequently carried out a total of 11 such operations that resulted in seven patencies and three pregnancies. He also demonstrated that the epididymis was the major site of these obstructive lesions. He pointed out the need for semen analysis in diagnosis and also demonstrated that azoospermia could have two causes, namely spermatogenic failure and ductal obstruction. He also made some important observations on sperm movement. He was probably the first clinician to demonstrate surgically ejaculatory duct obstruction, vasal atrophy and congenital absence of the vas. Most important of all, he demonstrated the need for accurate diagnosis in the treatment of male infertility. An argument is put forward that Edward Martin deserves the title of the 'Founding Father of Modern Clinical Andrology'.

Epididymis↗
PubMed1990

Conception in the resistant ovary syndrome occurring during hormone replacement therapy: a report of 2 cases.

Two patients with resistant ovary syndrome are described. Both patients conceived while on hormone replacement therapy. Both women were taking the phasic preparation containing mestranol and norethisterone known as 'Menophase' (Syntex Pharmaceuticals Ltd). The possible mechanism of action of this type of hormone preparation in the induction of ovulation in patients with resistant ovary syndrome is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Postmolar contraception.

Recent studies on the etiology and the cytogenetics of trophoblastic tumors suggest that hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma may be conditions with no causal relationship. With the advent of newer diagnostic methods which aid in the early diagnosis of pregnancy and help to differentiate it from abnormal pregnancy together with the increasing concern over the safety of use of the contraceptive measures following a hydatidiform mole, it is suggested that a period of postmolar contraception may no longer be necessary. The follow-up of these patients should include serial sonography in association with other currently available methods. Pregnancy should also be allowed to occur naturally if the patient so desires.

Contraception↗
PubMed1985

Obstructive azoospermia: a study of 102 patients.

A comprehensive study is presented of a series of 102 infertile men with non-surgical obstructive azoospermia. Details are given of the presentation, clinical features, apparent aetiology, sites of obstructive lesions and treatment. Identifiable aetiological factors were present in only 50% of cases. Amongst these, associated chronic lung disease (Young's Syndrome) accounted for 23%; genital infection, trauma and previous surgery were present in low incidence. The results of corrective surgery were poor and this fact, together with the clinical and pathological features of the patients in this series suggests that an ill-defined change in the aetiology of obstructive azoospermia may have occurred over the past 2 decades.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Aetiological factors in the production of obstructive azoospermia.

From a group of 749 infertile men, 102 (13.6%) were found to have obstructive azoospermia. An attempt is made to ascribe an aetiology to these obstructive lesions. In more than half of these patients, no cause for their obstructive lesion could be elicited. Only five gave a past history of gonorrhoea, and genital tract infection related to only eight patients. The disorder now most frequently associated with obstructive azoospermia is chronic respiratory disease. It is suggested that the aetiology of obstructive azoospermia has changed in recent years.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1983

Errors inherent in the performance of a routine semen analysis.

A group of 26 medical laboratory technicians and pathologists performed a semen analysis on an aliquot of the same sample of semen. The mean sperm concentration obtained was 46.7 X 10(6)/ml +/- 40.1 (2 s.d.) with a range of values lying between 10 and 98 X 10(6)/ml and giving a coefficient of variation of 44.3%. Similar wide ranges were seen in the visual estimation of percentage motility and abnormal morphology. Results obtained from three technicians, all highly experienced in performing semen analyses, produced a mean sperm concentration of 66 X 10(6)/ml with a coefficient of variation of 37.8%. When the sperm concentration in semen was low, replicate analyses of four separate semen specimens produced coefficients of variation that were unacceptably high.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Sperm immunofluorescence in infertile men: Its relationship with sperm agglutination and gel agglutination.

The spermatozoa from 10 infertile male patients all with sperm agglutination were subjected to direct immunofluorescence using antisera raised against IgA, IgM, and IgG. Sera from these patients were subjected to the Gel Agglutination Test. Although the Gel Agglutination Test related closely with sperm agglutination, none of the spermatozoa from these patients produced a repeatable positive response to direct immunofluorescence. This study suggests that neither sperm agglutination nor the Gel Agglutination Test demonstrate the presence of sperm specific antibodies in the semen of these infertile men.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1980

Gel Agglutination Test: its application to infertile men.

In a study involving 253 men attending the Male Fertility Clinic in Nottingham, the Gelatin Agglutination Test on serum gave a positive response in 14.2% of patients and a positive response at a dilution of 1/32 in 11.5% of patients. No correlation was found between a positive GAT response and increasing age or the major pathological entities causing infertility in the male. Of the positive GAT responses, 17% reverted to negative on second testing. The value and the diagnostic importance of this test as well as its reliability is questioned.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Attempted removal of an antisperm antibody from immunized rabbit sera using a double antibody technique.

New Zealand White Rabbits were immunized with whole human semen and with its components. A positive Gel Agglutination Test (GAT) was present in the sera of these rabbits, whereas it was negative in rabbit sera from control immunizations. The GAT response was positive from all the sera from rabbits immunized with the components of seminal fluid whether or not sperm were present, demonstrating that the GAT response is not dependent on the formation of an antibody specific to spermatozoa. Treatment of the immunized sera with two immunoglobulin precipitating sera did not render these rabbit sera GAT negative. These data provide further evidence that the substance or substances producing a positive GAT response are not immunoglobulins.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1979

Clinical findings and testicular histology in three hyperprolactinemic infertile men.

Three azoospermic infertile men with marked hyperprolactinemia are described. All three men had clinical evidence of distal genital tract obstruction, and one man had evidence of severe spermatogenic arrest. The histology of testicular biopsies taken from each of these men is described and the role of hyperprolactinemia in male infertility is discussed.

Adult↗