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Biomedical subjects

A M Farag

Publications and source records attributed to A M Farag.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Markers for endothelial injury, clotting and platelet activation in preeclampsia.

The etiology of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in preeclampsia is not well understood. We measured plasma levels of fibronectin (FN), which may reflect endothelial cell injury, fibrinopeptide A (FPA), a specific marker of clotting, platelet counts (PLC) and mean platelet volumes (MPV), as well as beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG) and platelet factor 4 (Pf4), products of irreversible platelet activation in 24 preeclamptic patients and 24 controls matched for age, gestational age, labor status, and parity. In preeclampsia, FN and FPA were significantly elevated while PLC were significantly decreased (P less than 0.0001, less than 0.05 and less than 0.01, respectively). beta TG, Pf4, and MPV values did not show significant differences. These findings support the hypothesis that endothelial injury, clotting activation and platelet consumption are increased in preeclampsia. However, the much closer association of preeclampsia with FN levels as compared to FPA, beta TG, Pf4, suggests that endothelial injury is a more basic mechanism of preeclampsia than clotting or platelet activation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Study on the factors affecting ABO grouping of blood stains.

The Biologist in forensic work is confronted with many problems on grouping of dry blood stains, these problems are due to many factors and environmental changes which may mislead the analysis. The present work deals with the factors affecting ABO grouping of dry blood stains in Riyad, including exposure to extremes of temperature, from refrigeration at -4 degrees C up to heating at 150 degrees C, effect of time till 6 months, occurrence of the stains on different fabrics, and effect of putrefaction. The results showed that, ABO grouping of dry blood stains was not affected by different substrata or cloth fabrics. 30% of the samples gave erroneous results when exposed to temperature at 150 degrees C for 2 hours. Storage for 6 months at room temperature ranged from 29 degrees -44 degrees C, representing the ambient temperature met with in Riyad, gave no effects. Putrefaction showed that the antigens were deteriorated in 80% of cases after 90 days. Chromatographic separation was a suitable procedure before grouping the samples which were buried in sand or mud.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of potential early markers of chorioamnionitis associated with preterm premature ruptured membranes.

Optimal expectant management of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM) requires the early detection of chorioamnionitis. To date, however, no universally sensitive and specific marker for chorioamnionitis has been identified. Recently, the serial determination of plasma fibronectin, antithrombin, and prekallikrein has been reported to facilitate the early detection of sepsis in critically ill neonates and adult surgical patients. A cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine if plasma levels of these markers change significantly in patients with overt chorioamnionitis following expectant management of preterm PROM. Plasma levels of fibronectin and prekallikrein were not significantly different between the study (30 patients with overt chorioamnionitis following preterm PROM) and control (30 undelivered patients without antenatal complication matched for gestational age) groups. Antithrombin levels were significantly lower in the study group (p less than 0.05), but the magnitude of the difference (102% versus 94%) is not likely to be of clinical significance. We conclude that determination of plasma levels of fibronectin, prekallikrein, and antithrombin is not likely to aid in the early detection of chorioamnionitis in the setting of preterm (PROM).

Antithrombins↗
PubMed1989

Prothrombin times and clottable fibrinogen determination on an automated coagulation laboratory (ACL-810).

Our laboratory evaluated an Automated Coagulation Laboratory (ACL-810) by Instrumentation Laboratory. Prothrombin times and fibrinogen levels from the ACL-810 were compared to results from a Fibrometer and another automated coagulation instrument - either the Coag-A-Mate (prothrombin times) or the Multistat III centrifugal analyzer (fibrinogen). The performance of different thromboplastins on the ACL-810 was also evaluated. Correlation studies revealed excellent performance characteristics and precisions for both the prothrombin time and fibrinogen not only with different instruments, but also with different thromboplastins on the ACL-810. Overall, we found the instrument to be quick, efficient, and easy to operate.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1988

Simple laboratory experiments to replicate some of the stresses on vertebro-basilar arterial walls. An investigation of possible mechanisms of traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage.

The hypothesis that reversed blood flow in transiently occluded vertebral arteries may be responsible for some cases of massive traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage has been investigated in vitro. Simple laboratory tests were performed on 25 vertebro-basilar arterial systems, and succeeded in producing either longitudinal tears in normally structured vertebral arteries, or tears at the origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries. The results indicated that under such conditions, with systolic blood pressure in the physiological range, reversed blood flow had different characteristics and stressed the arterial wall to the point where it yielded.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Oral contraceptives and the hemostatic system.

We studied 30 control women and 131 pill users to evaluate effects of birth control pills and clinical factors on hemostasis. When control patients were matched with an equal number of pill users, none of the direct markers of activated hemostasis (fibrinopeptide A, platelet factor 4, and beta thromboglobulin) were increased. Plasminogen, prekallikrein, and protein C (protective against clotting) were significantly higher in pill users. Fibrinogen, antithrombin, alpha-2 antiplasmin, and fibronectin were comparable. Among the 131 pill users, antithrombin levels decreased with a family history of thromboembolism. Fibrinogen and fibronectin were increased with obesity, but there was no evidence of activated hemostasis. Overall, pill use did not appear to result in hypercoagulability. Considering family history of thromboembolism might further improve the safety of oral contraceptive use.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Does intravenous ritodrine therapy cause capillary endothelial damage?

The effects of intravenous (IV) ritodrine therapy on capillary endothelial damage and colloid osmotic pressure were examined in 15 patients in premature labor. Plasma fibronectin, a marker for capillary endothelial damage, did not change significantly after IV ritodrine therapy. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure was lowered following ritodrine therapy (P less than 0.05). Pretreatment plasma fibronectin levels in the study and control groups were similar. Interestingly, pretreatment colloid osmotic pressure in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P less than 0.05). Our data suggest that there is no evidence of capillary endothelial damage following ritodrine therapy. Lower levels of plasma colloid osmotic pressure in patients with preterm labor, which are further reduced with IV ritodrine therapy, may predispose these patients to pulmonary edema.

Adult↗