Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A M Dam

Publications and source records attributed to A M Dam.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Estimation of the total number of neurons in different brain areas in the Mongolian gerbil: a model of experimental ischemia.

The quantitative stereological method is applied to a study of the number of neurons in three different areas in the brains of an animal model, the Mongolian gerbil. The simplicity and accuracy of the method is emphasized. The usefulness of the method and the model is mentioned especially focusing on the major disabling disease in the Western world today, cerebrovascular disorders. Some results are presented to give an idea of the maximum number of neurons in these animals within the delineation of the brain areas here applied.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Neuropathology of epilepsy.

The neuropathology of symptomatic and idiopathic epilepsy is presented. New methods of investigation have disclosed that more cases of epilepsy are symptomatic--even hippocampal sclerosis is now detectable in vivo by MR-scan. It still remains to be defined whether hippocampal sclerosis is the cause or the effect of epilepsy. The present survey focusses upon the delineation of hippocampal neuron loss with a critical discussion of various hypotheses drawn from various human and experimental studies. In particular the phenomenon of selective and delayed neuron loss are explored with regard to future neurosurgical approaches.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin. A controlled clinical trial in focal motor and generalized epilepsy.

The antiepileptic effects of carbamazepine and phenytoin were compared in a double-blind crossover trial studying patients with primary and secondary generalized seizures and partial seizures with motor symptoms. Each treatment period lasted ten weeks. The patients were seen every two weeks, and doses were adjusted according to plasma levels. It was attempted to keep levels in the optimal plasma range, ie, 10 to 20 and 4 to 10 mg/liter for phenytoin and carbamazepine, respectively. Twenty-three patients entered and 19 completed the study. No statistically significant differences were found between carbamazepine and phenytoin with regard to seizure control and acute side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Neurological disorders and detrusor hyperreflexia.

In 152 consecutively selected patients with detrusor hyperreflexia (DH) 96 (63 per cent) had neurological disorders. Thirty-two patients did not show any primary neurological or urological cause for DH. This group was chosen to elucidate the evaluation of possible neurological symptoms in relation to the urological symptomatology. Nine had died and one failed to appear to the neurological examination. Twelve (63 per cent) of the 22 examined patients showed signs of lesions in different parts of the central nervous system, particularly cerebrovascular diseases and myeloneuropathy. Six had had neurological symptoms for years. In two the urological symptoms were first to appear. In the group with no neurological complaints the urological symptoms had existed for 2-30 years. No essential difference was found in the degree of voiding disturbance whether or not neurological signs were disclosed. It is concluded that the discovery of DH should be followed by a neurological examination to disclose further signs of lesions in CNS. Likewise, an extended urological examination with demonstration of DH might help in the evaluation of an obscure neurological disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Late-onset epilepsy: etiologies, types of seizure, and value of clinical investigation, EEG, and computerized tomography scan.

Approximately 25% of patients with epilepsy will have their first seizure after the age of 25 years. These individuals will need special attention with regard to etiology. Brain tumor is one of several causes that may be suspected. The present study of 221 patients with late-onset epilepsy from the University Clinic of Neurology, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, was undertaken to look for means to select those cases in which computerized tomography (CT) scan should be performed. Brain tumor was the cause in 16% and cerebrovascular infarctions in 14%. The major etiological group was the one in which no cause could be detected (38%). Alcohol abuse as the etiology--defined as cases with a history of long-standing alcohol overuse, concomitant signs of alcohol intoxication, and spontaneous recurrent epileptic seizures--made up a group of one-fourth of all the patients with late-onset epilepsy. Comparison of the history, clinical symptoms and signs, EEG abnormalities, and CT scan speaks in favor of some consideration being given to the first three parameters before the CT scan is performed.

Adult↗